Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-11-17T16:39:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 flaviana_miranda_goncalves.pdf: 300142 bytes, checksum: 2ec2cd0e2beed3299f69e5cdd73e9002 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-11-17T16:39:31Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 flaviana_miranda_goncalves.pdf: 300142 bytes, checksum: 2ec2cd0e2beed3299f69e5cdd73e9002 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-11-17T16:39:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 flaviana_miranda_goncalves.pdf: 300142 bytes, checksum: 2ec2cd0e2beed3299f69e5cdd73e9002 (MD5) license_rdf: 23898 bytes, checksum: e363e809996cf46ada20da1accfcd9c7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-29 / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) / Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Objetivou-se com este estudo realizar a avalia??o gen?tica do crescimento de codornas de corte utilizando modelos de regress?o aleat?ria. Os dados utilizados s?o provenientes de 28.076 observa??es mensuradas em 4.507 codornas de corte de uma linhagem f?mea (LF1) pertencente ao Programa de Melhoramento Gen?tico de Codornas do Departamento de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, em Diamantina/ MG. A caracter?stica peso corporal das codornas foi mensurada ao nascimento, aos 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 e 42 dias de idade, e avaliada por meio de modelos de regress?o aleat?ria. Nas an?lises, seis diferentes classes de vari?ncia residual, de homog?nea a heterog?nea, foram consideradas, segundo diferentes idades: Classe 1: vari?ncia residual homog?nea; Classe 2: vari?ncia residual heterog?nea em dois per?odos; Classe 3: vari?ncia residual heterog?nea em tr?s per?odos; Classe 4: vari?ncia residual heterog?nea em quatro per?odos; Classe 5: vari?ncia residual heterog?nea em cinco per?odos e, Classe 6: vari?ncia residual heterog?nea em seis per?odos. Cada classe foi testada com diferentes ordens de ajuste das fun??es polinomiais de Legendre, as quais variaram de segunda ? sexta ordem, para averiguar qual o modelo (classe de heterogeneidade de vari?ncia juntamente com a ordem de polin?mio de Legendre) apresentou o melhor ajuste para descrever as estruturas de (co)vari?ncias em fun??o do tempo (idade das codornas). De acordo com todos os crit?rios avaliados (AIC ? Crit?rio de Informa??o de Akaike, BIC ? crit?rio de Informa??o Bayesiano de Schwarz e LRT ? teste da raz?o de verossimilhan?a), o modelo com seis classes de vari?ncias residuais e de sexta ordem do polin?mio de Legendre foi o que apresentou o melhor ajuste, dado pelos menores valores de AIC e BIC, al?m de LRT significativo. Verificou-se que, com o aumento da idade das codornas, todas as vari?ncias apresentaram tend?ncia de crescimento. A estimativa de vari?ncia gen?tica aditiva aumentou do nascimento at? os 35 dias de idade, apresentando ligeira queda dos 35 aos 42 dias. As herdabilidades estimadas foram decrescentes ao longo da curva de crescimento, variando de 0,51 (1 dia) a 0,16 (42 dias). As estimativas de correla??es gen?ticas e de ambiente permanente de animal entre os pesos nas v?rias idades foram sempre altas e positivas, exceto para peso ao nascimento. No estudo do crescimento das codornas de corte, recomenda-se adotar seis classes (uma para cada semana de idade) de heterogeneidade de vari?ncia, juntamente com a utiliza??o de polin?mios de Legendre de sexta ordem. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2011. / ABSTRACT The objective of this study was the genetic evaluation of the growth of quails using random regression models. The data used come from 28.076 observations measured in 4507 quails of a female line (LF1) belonging to the Quail Breeding program of the Animal Science Department of the University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys in Diamantina, MG. The characteristic of quails body weight of was measured at birth, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days years old. The analysis were made using random regression models, where six different classes of residual variance, heterogeneous or homogeneous, were considered, according to different age groups: Class 1: homogeneous residual variance, Class 2: heterogeneous residual variance in two periods, Class 3: heterogeneous residual variance into three periods: Class 4: heterogeneous residual variance in four periods, Class 5: heterogeneous residual variance in five periods, and Class 6: heterogeneous residual variance in six periods. Each class was tested with different orders of fit to Legendre polynomial functions, which ranged from second to sixth order, to determine which model (class of variance heterogeneity with the Legendre polynomial order) presented the best fit to describe (co)variances structures as a function of time (age of the quail). According to all five criteria (AIC - Akaike information criterion, BIC - Bayesian information criterion of Schwarz and LRT - likelihood ratio test), the model with six classes of residual variances and the sixth-order of Legendre polynomial, presented the best fit, given by the lowest values of AIC and BIC, as well as significant LRT. It was found that with increasing age of the quail, all variances tended to increase. The estimate of additive genetic variance increased from birth to 35 days old, showing a slight drop from 35 to 42 days. The estimated heritability was decreasing along the growth curve, ranging from 0.51 (one day) to 0.16 (42 days). The estimative of genetic correlations and permanent animal environment among weights in several ages have always been high and positive, except for birth weight. For study of the growth of quails it is recommended the use of six classes (one for each week of age) of variance heterogeneity, with the use of Legendre polynomials of sixth order.

Submitted by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-22T11:29:16Z No. of bitstreams: 2 valdecy_aparecida_rocha_cruz.pdf: 267581 bytes, checksum: 1e59b25dbde1c757d85d3e2e0af0d778 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Rodrigo Martins Cruz (rodrigo.cruz@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2015-12-22T12:50:57Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 valdecy_aparecida_rocha_cruz.pdf: 267581 bytes, checksum: 1e59b25dbde1c757d85d3e2e0af0d778 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-22T12:50:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 valdecy_aparecida_rocha_cruz.pdf: 267581 bytes, checksum: 1e59b25dbde1c757d85d3e2e0af0d778 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Estimativas precisas e acuradas de par?metros gen?ticos e fenot?picos s?o de grande import?ncia para se alcan?ar progresso gen?tico em uma popula??o e se selecionar, de forma mais eficiente, os indiv?duos das linhagens espec?ficas nos programas de melhoramento gen?tico. Com isso, objetivou-se com este trabalho estimar os par?metros da curva de postura, utilizando os modelos de polin?mios segmentados e Wood (1967); e estimar par?metros gen?ticos e fenot?picos dos par?metros do modelo de polin?mios segmentados, assim como a tend?ncia gen?tica dos mesmos. Foram utilizados dados da produ??o de ovo semanal das 25 at? 64 semanas de idade provenientes de 2.398 aves de uma linha f?mea de frangos de corte. As curvas de postura foram ajustadas utilizando os modelos de polin?mios segmentados e Wood (1967). O modelo de polin?mios segmentados ? constitu?do pelos par?metros ?xp?- idade das aves ao pico de postura, ?P?- n?vel de produ??o no pico, ?s? - taxa de decr?scimo semanal na produ??o de ovos ap?s o pico, e ?t? - tempo entre o in?cio e o pico de postura. O modelo de Wood ? constitu?do pelos par?metros ?a? - taxa de produ??o inicial, ?b? taxa de acr?scimo at? o pico de produ??o, e ?c? taxa de decr?scimo ap?s o pico de produ??o. As estimativas das m?dias dos par?metros das curvas foram realizadas utilizando o PROC MEANS do SAS. A estima??o dos componentes de covari?ncias, herdabilidades, correla??es e os valores gen?ticos para os par?metros da curva de postura de polin?mios segmentados foram obtidas utilizando o ?software? MTDFREML e as tend?ncias gen?ticas por meio do PROC REG do SAS. A linhagem avaliada apresentou um pico de postura ?s 30,43 semanas de idade, sendo o n?vel de postura de 0,746 ovo/aves/dia, com uma m?dia de 3,08 semanas do in?cio da postura at? o pico de postura e a taxa de persist?ncia foi de 0,014 ovo/ave/semana. As m?dias estimadas para os par?metros do modelo de Wood (1967) foram de 0,0003 para taxa de produ??o inicial 2,9398 para taxa de acr?scimo de produ??o at? o pico e de 0,0767 para taxa de decr?scimo de produ??o ap?s o pico postura. As curvas ajustadas para os modelos de polin?mios segmentados e Wood (1967) permitiram evidenciar um baixo n?vel de produ??o no pico de postura. O modelo de polin?mios segmentados superestimou a persist?ncia ap?s o pico de postura e o modelo de Wood (1967) subestimou o final da produ??o. As m?dias das herdabilidades foram de baixa a m?dia magnitudes, 0,25 (xp), 0,18 (P), 0,17 (s) e 0,10 (t). Estes resultados indicam que a sele??o para o par?metro ?xp? teria uma melhor resposta que para os demais par?metros. As correla??es entre o par?metro ?t? e os demais par?metros da curva foram positivas variando de 0,21 at? 1,00. Essas correla??es indicam que os animais com um maior tempo entre in?cio e pico de postura tendem a apresentar uma maior idade ao pico de postura, maior n?vel de produ??o e maior queda de produ??o p?s-pico. As correla??es foram negativas entre os par?metros ?s? e ?xp? e ?s? e ?P? apresentando-se menor entre ?s? e ?xp? (-0,17) e maior entre ?s? e ?P? (-0,91), indicando que um aumento no n?vel de produ??o e idade ao pico de produ??o acarretaria uma menor queda de produ??o de ovos p?s-pico. Podemos constatar que pode ser promovido ganho gen?tico para os par?metros da curva de produ??o de ovos, por?m a sele??o para um aumento do n?vel de produ??o poder? levar a um aumento na idade ao pico de postura. Assim como, aves mais precoces ao pico poder?o apresentar menor persist?ncia. / Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2010. / ABSTRACT Precise and accurate estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters are of great importance to achieve genetic progress in a population and select more efficiently individuals of specific lines in breeding programs. Thus, the aim with this study was to estimate the parameters of the curve approach, using models of segmented polynomials and Wood (1967) and to estimate genetic and phenotypic parameters of the model parameters of segmented polynomials, as well as the genetic tendency of them. It had been used data from the weekly egg production from 2,398 birds in a line of female broilers, aging from 25 to 64 weeks. The curves of posture were adjusted using the models of segmented polynomials and Wood (1967). The segmented polynomial model consists of parameters "xp" - the peak age of the birds in attitude, "P" - at peak production level, "s"- a weekly rate of decrease in egg production after peak, and ?t? - time between onset and peak position. The parameters of the Wood model consist of "a"- rate initial production," b "rate of increase until the production peak, and "c" rate of decline after peak production. Estimates of means of parameters were performed using SAS PROC MEANS. Estimation of covariance components, heritability?s, correlations and breeding values for the parameters of the curve posture segmented polynomial were obtained using the software MTDFREML and genetic trends by PROC REG of SAS. The strain studied showed a peak position at 30.43 weeks of age, the level of posture of 0.746 egg / poultry / day, with an average of 3.08 weeks of posture to the peak position and the rate of persistence was 0.014 eggs / bird / week. The estimated averages for the parameters of the model of Wood (1967) was 0.0003 for rate initial production rate of 2.9398 for increased production to peak and 0.0767 for rate of decline of production after the peak position . The fitted curves for the models of segmented polynomials and Wood (1967) have highlighted a low level of production at peak production. The segmented polynomial model overestimated the persistence after the peak position and the model of Wood (1967) underestimated the final production. The heritability?s means were low to medium magnitude, 0.25 (xp), 0.18 (P), 0.17 (s) and 0.10 (t). These results indicate that selection for the parameter "xp" would have a better response than for the other parameters. The correlations between the parameter "t" and the other parameters of the curve were positive ranging from 0.21 to 1.00. These correlations indicate that animals with a longer time between onset and peak position tend to have a higher age at peak position, the highest level of production and greater decrease in post-peak production. Were negative correlations between the parameters "s" and "xp" and "s" and "P" presenting lower between "s" and "xp" (-0.17) and higher in "s" and "P" (-0.91), indicating that an increase in production level and age at peak production would result in a smaller drop in egg production after peak. It has been noted that genetic gains can be obtained for the curve parameters for egg production, but a selection focused on an increased level of production could lead to an increase in age at peak production. Just as birds that present earlier peak may have lower persistence.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2018-01-24T12:40:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RonabsonCardosoFernandes_TESE.pdf: 6153894 bytes, checksum: 639a151a92478af330fab5f8c1beaf3b (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-01-29T13:36:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RonabsonCardosoFernandes_TESE.pdf: 6153894 bytes, checksum: 639a151a92478af330fab5f8c1beaf3b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-01-29T13:36:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RonabsonCardosoFernandes_TESE.pdf: 6153894 bytes, checksum: 639a151a92478af330fab5f8c1beaf3b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-31 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Diante da perspectiva do aumento de extremos de precipita??o pluvial devido ?s mudan?as clim?ticas, estudar a influ?ncia da atividade ciclo solar e fluxo de raios c?smicos nessa vari?vel meteorol?gica ? de grande import?ncia. A precipita??o pluvial ? um fator preponderante para a agricultura, setor energ?tico, pecu?ria e para a economia. Com isso, ? de extrema import?ncia estudar a rela??o entre elas. Inicialmente, houve a necessidade de reconstruir diversas s?ries hist?ricas com percentual inferior a 60% de dados faltantes nas s?ries hist?ricas de GCR, em que, o m?todo MTSDI foi apontado como o melhor modelo, entre aquelas estudadas, para a realiza??o de imputa??o de dados observacionais de GCR. Sendo assim, escolhida a esta??o de Huancayo/PER para correlacionar com a precipita??o pluvial na regi?o Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Verificou-se que houve coer?ncia estat?stica pela t?cnica de Wavelet Coherence entre a precipita??o pluvial com GCR e SSN na escala mensal, sazonal, anual, interanual e interdecadal. Pela t?cnica de Maximal Overlay Transform (MODWT) constatou-se que existe correla??o significativa entre as s?ries estudadas nas escalas de 5,3 anos, 10,6 anos, 22,3 anos e 44,6 anos. E, por fim, pode-se construir um modelo para predizer a s?rie hist?rica da precipita??o pluvial, mostrando-se satisfat?rio. Portanto, essa pesquisa mostrou que existe influ?ncia do fluxo de raios c?smicos e da atividade solar na precipita??o pluvial regi?o tropical Brasileira. / Considering the perspective of increasing extremes of rainfall due to climate change, studying the influence of solar cycle activity and cosmic ray flux on this meteorological variable is of great importance. Rainfall is a preponderant factor for agriculture, the energy sector, livestock and for the economy. With this, it is extremely important to study the relationship between them. Initially, it was necessary to reconstruct several historical series with a percentage of less than 60% of missing data in the historical GCR series, in which the MTSDI method was pointed out as the best model, among those studied, to perform the imputation of observational data Of GCR. Thus, the Huancayo / PER station was chosen to correlate with rainfall in the North and Northeast of Brazil. It was verified that there was statistical coherence by the Wavelet Coherence technique between rainfall with GCR and SSN in the monthly, seasonal, annual, interannual and interdecadal scale. Maximal Overlay Transform (MODWT) showed that there is a significant correlation between the series studied in the scales of 5.3 years, 10.6 years, 22.3 years and 44.6 years. And, finally, a model can be constructed to predict the historical series of rainfall, proving to be satisfactory. Therefore, this research showed that there is influence of cosmic rays flux and solar activity on Brazilian tropical precipitation.