This diploma thesis deals with fiscal and monetary policy and their effect on economic development. The work is composed of theoretical and practical part. In the theoretical part are defined and described individual policies, including economic policy and their objectives, types, forms, tools and problems. The practical part analyzes the development of the Czech economy between 2004 and 2014. Also is solved econometric equation for inflation. In equations are achieving macroeconomic indicators: the annual change in the average nominal monthly wage, rate of household savings, inflows foreign direct investment, unemployment, gross domestic product and net exports. The same equation is solved in the Slovak Republic, which was chosen as relevant for comparison of economic development, basic data are using from the same period. An econometric model is solved by ordinary least squares method. Based on the analysis of economic development in the Czech Republic and results of the econometric model of inflation in Czech and Slovak Republic is proposing a change in the fiscal and monetary policy for the Czech Republic.

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The dissertation deals with the issue of the effectiveness of employment policy instruments. The literature search is characterized not only the position of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs and Labor Office in the Czech Republic. It is also characterized by employment policy and its instruments in the Czech Republic and in selected European Union countries, then describes the various tools of active and passive employment policy. In fulfilling the main goal of this work was necessary to provide easily measurable units, which is expressed efficiency of individual employment policy instruments. These measurable units are then applied in their own work and on the basis of the calculations is determined by the efficiency of individual employment policy instruments. Then proposes measures that will lead to increased efficiency in the implementation of employment policy instruments in practice.

Diplomová práce se zabývá bytovou politikou, nejdříve se zabývá vývojem bytové politiky před a po roce 1989. Dále se věnuje nástrojům bytové politiky. Stěžejní část práce je zaměřena na hypoteční úvěry. Je zde zachycen vývoj hypotečních úvěrů, charakteristika hypotečních úvěrů a srovnání produktů jednotlivých bank působících na hypotečním trhu.

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Doctoral thesis deals with questions concerning the funding policy in agriculture in general and with the principles and the utilisation of the funding instrument under the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) of the European Union (EU) for assistance in improving the financial situation of farms. The aim of the present thesis is to assess the concept and the concrete application of the funding instrument of the CAP of the EU in the context of the different agro-ecological conditions of the selected region of the Czech republic and its rural districts, together with its consequent effect on patterns of production and on the improvement of the financial situation of the farms.

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Darbe nagrinėjama baudžiamosios politikos sąvoka, pagrindiniai ją formuojantys veiksniai, analizuojamos Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamosios politikos, vykdytos po naujojo Lietuvos Respublikos baudžiamojo kodekso priėmimo, tendencijos, pateikiamas jų vertinimas tikslingumo ir atitikimo valstybės deklaruojamiems baudžiamosios politikos principams ir pagrindinėms veiklos kryptims aspektu. / The paper analyses the conception of criminal policy, the main factors forming it, analyses and gives evaluation of the tendencies of the criminal policy of the Republic of Lithuania pursued after the enactment of the new Penal code of the Republic of Lithuania.

The diploma thesis deals with the issue of the deflation at the current monetary conditions. The starting point for the identification and differentiation of the ob-served deflationary phenomena in the Japanese and Chinese economies is the comparison of the theoretical approaches of the mainstream and alternative eco-nomics. Using the example of the United States, economic cycle is analysed accord-ing to the concept of the theory of the Austrian business cycle, which is then used in analysing the economic situation of China and Japan in the observed period.