yes / P5. The evaluation was undertaken by Bradford University, Channel Research Ltd, the PARC & Associated Consultants. The United Nations (UN) Case study was carried out by Mr Pierre Robert with Professor Andrew Mack. The study was carried out through documentary review and interviews with members of the UN GCPP Steering Committee, other London-based officials, UK officials and other stakeholders in other case study countries, staff from the UK¿s UN Mission in New York (UKMIS) and with senior staff at the UN and at other relevant institutions involved in managing projects funded under the Strategy.1 The main evaluator also drew on experience from having evaluated a specific GCPP UN Strategy project, the Early Warning and Preventative Measures (EWPM) training, implemented by the UN System Staff College, early in 2003. P7. The UN Case Study is one of six studies undertaken within the framework of the evaluation of the Conflict Prevention Pools. In accordance with the Terms of Reference (ToRs) and the Inception Report, the Evaluation placed maximum emphasis on the macro level: the policy processes in Whitehall by which decisions on allocations are made and implemented by the CPPs. Considerable attention has also been placed on the meso level: the degree to which CPP policies and activities in a given conflict form part of a coherent package of direct interventions by the international community and local actors to the problems of particular large scale deadly conflicts or potential conflicts. The microlevel of analysis (review of specific projects) confines itself largely to the way in which projects impact on the meso and macro levels. The Evaluation has not analysed systematically whether specific projects funded by the CPPs have been well managed and whether they have achieved their specific project goals. Single projects have been analysed to the extent that they reflect on the macro and meso levels. P8. The main findings of the evaluation, reflected in this Synthesis Report, are that the CPPs are doing significant work funding worthwhile activities that make positive contributions to effective conflict prevention, although it is far too early in the day to assess impact. The progress achieved through the CPP mechanisms is significant enough to justify their continuation.

yes / P5. The evaluation was undertaken by Bradford University, Channel Research Ltd, the PARC & Associated Consultants. The GCPP Security Sector Reform (SSR) case study was carried out by Ms Nicole Ball who has conducted extensive fieldwork on SSR in a number of countries. This study was carried out through review of relevant documents, including the reports of geographic case studies undertaken for the evaluation, and interview of UK-based officials involved in SSR work. The UK-based interviews focused on several categories of stakeholders: members of the SSR Strategy Steering Group; members of the SSR Policy Committee; representatives of three main SSR Strategy instruments (DAT, GFN, Defence Diplomacy); representatives of the GCPP and ACPP; and officials currently working on or recently working on key geographic desks (Balkans, Indonesia, Uganda). P7. The GCPP SSR Case Study is one of six studies undertaken within the framework of the evaluation of the Conflict Prevention Pools. In accordance with the Terms of Reference (ToRs) and the Inception Report, the Evaluation placed maximum emphasis on the macro level: the policy processes in Whitehall by which decisions on allocations are made and implemented by the CPPs. Considerable attention has also been placed on the meso level: the degree to which CPP policies and activities in a given conflict, or given sector of conflict prevention policy such as SSR, form part of a coherent package of direct interventions by the international community and local actors to the problems of preventing large scale deadly conflicts. The micro-level of analysis (review of specific projects) confines itself largely to the way in which projects impact on the meso and macro levels. The Evaluation has not analysed systematically whether specific projects funded by the CPPs have been well managed and whether they have achieved their specific project goals. Single projects have been analysed to the extent that they reflect on the macro and meso levels. P8. The main findings of the evaluation, reflected in this Synthesis Report, are that the CPPs are doing significant work funding worthwhile activities that make positive contributions to effective conflict prevention, although it is far too early in the day to assess impact. The progress achieved through the CPP mechanisms is significant enough to justify their continuation.

Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--Universität Bochum, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2009. / Title from electronic title page. Project advisor: John Harmon. "A special project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geography." Includes bibliographical references. Also available via the World Wide Web.

Buffer pools are blocks of memory used in database systems to retain frequently referenced pages. Configuring the buffer pools is a difficult and manual task that involves determining the amount of memory to devote to the buffer pools, the number of buffer pools to use, their sizes, and the database objects assigned to each buffer pool. A good buffer configuration improves query response times and system throughput by reducing the number of disk accesses. Determining a good buffer configuration requires knowledge of the database workload. Empirical studies have shown that optimizing the initial buffer configuration (determined at database design time) can improve system throughput. A good initial configuration can also provide a faster convergence towards a favorable dynamic buffer allocation. Previous studies have not considered automating the buffer pool configuration process. This thesis presents two techniques that facilitate the initial buffer configuration task. First, we develop an analytic model of the GCLOCK buffer replacement policy that can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of a particular buffer configuration for a given workload. Second, to obtain the necessary model parameters, we propose a workload characterization scheme that extracts workload parameters, describing the query reference patterns, from the query access plans. In addition, we extend an existing multifractal model and present a multifractal skew model to represent query access skew. Our buffer model has been validated against measurements of the buffer manager of a commercial database system. The model has also been compared to an alternative GCLOCK buffer model. Our results show that our proposed model closely predicts the actual physical read rates and recognizes favourable buffer configurations. This work provides a foundation for the development of an automated buffer configuration tool.

Nucleotide pools were extracted and quantified from Pyr^+ and Pyr^- strains of P. aerucjinosa. Strains were grown in succinate minimal medium with and without pyrimidines, and nucleotides were extracted using trichloracetic acid (TCA; 6% w/v). The pyrimidine requirement was satisfied by uracil, uridine, cytosine or cytidine. Pyr^- mutants were starved for pyrimidines for two hours before nucleotide levels were measured. This starvation depleted the nucleotide pools which were restored to wild type levels by the addition of pyrimidines to the medium. When the pyrimidine analogue, 6-azauracil, known to inhibit OMP decarboxylase, was added to cultures of the wild type strain, the uridine and cytidine nucleotides were depleted to near zero. Thus, the nucleotide pool levels of Pseudomonas strains can be manipulated.

Vernal pools are often defined as seasonal pools that typically are inundated beginning in the winter and then drying out completely in summer. Though evidence of spatial and temporal variability in the macroinvertebrate communities of vernal pools has been found in previous studies, it has not been studied extensively. The primary objective of this study was to determine the extent of variability in the macroinvertebrate communities within vernal pools closely situated in a forested landscape. An effort was made to explain this variability with respect to certain physiochemical environmental variables of the pools. Significant variability was observed in the macroinvertebrate communities within the vernal pools both spatially and temporally. Water temperature, as an indicator of seasonal changes, was strongly correlated with the observed variations. Higher species richness and diversity were observed in the pools in winter than in spring 2007. Chironomidae was the most diverse family (8 genera) occurring in these vernal pools. At the beginning of inundation, amphipods and copepods were more abundant. β-diversity was low in both winter and spring 2007; α-diversity in winter was high and low in spring 2007.

Levando em consideração que a piscina é um elemento necessãrio à saúde da comunidade e que a água, reservada nesses tanques, pode veicular agentes etiolológicos de doenças, procurou-se estudar as condições sanitárias de piscinas de uso coletivo de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Com a finalidade de realizar análises físico-químicas e bacteriológicas, pesquisas de leveduras, algas e amebas de vida livre, foram obtidas 336 amostras, em quatro coletas de cada piscina, durante o periodo de 09 de agosto de 1981 a 27 de junho de 1982. As amostras foram coletadas da água e do raspado das paredes. De modo geral, com base nos resultados conseguidos, constatou-se que as piscinas não mantêm os de cloro suficientes à desinfecção. Em algumas foram registrados altos índices de bactérias, presença de algas nas paredes, bem como a ocorrência de leveduras e de amebas de vida livre potencialmente patogênicas. É importante assinalar a presença destes protozoários, face aos recentes registros de casos de meningoencefalite a eles associados. Conclui-se que há necessidade de tratamento adequado da água, treinamento especializado dos operadores e prática de principias básicos de educação em saúde. Recomenda-se o estabelecimento de legislação pertinente. / Considering that a swimming pool is a necessary item for the public health and that the water in such pools may contain aetiological agents of diseases, we sought to study the sanitary conditions of public swimming pools in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. With the objective of making physical-chemical and bacteriological analyses, yeast, algae and free-living amoebae researches, we obtained 336 samples in four samplings, from august 9, 1981 to june 27, 1982. The samples were collected from the water and from the walls. Generally, we observed that chlorine levels necessary for desinfection were not usually maintained in the swimming pools. In some of them high bacterial levels and algae on the walls were detected, as well as the ocurrence of yeast and potencially pathogenic free-living amoebae. It is important to focus the presence of these protozoa on occount of the recent occurrence of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis cases. In conclusion, there is the necessity of adequate treatment of the water, specialized training of the people who deal with it and the practice of the basic principles of health education. We recommend the stablishment of a legislation concerning this matter.

A argamassa armada passou a ser utilizada na construção de reservatórios de água e piscinas no início da década de 60. Apesar do sucesso de várias aplicações, até hoje a tecnologia tem se fundamentado em bases empíricas, sem o estabelecimento de metodologias que permitam a elaboração de projetos, melhorias no método de construção e uma melhor avaliação dos riscos e da confiabilidade do sistema construtivo. O presente trabalho pretende contribuir para aumentar o conhecimento acerca do comportamento estrutural da membrana de argamassa armada em piscinas e reservatórios. Foram realizadas simulações numéricas por computador com o intuito de se investigar o comportamento da membrana quando submetidas à ação da água, de recalques e de variações de temperatura. A influência das dimensões da estrutura e da resistência da argamassa também foram analisadas. São discutidos estes e outros aspectos relacionados à fase de projeto. O trabalho apresenta ainda comentários sobre cada etapa de construção, bem como alguns cuidados necessários para a garantia de um material de boa qualidade. Tendo em vista a obtenção de uma estrutura durável e com bom desempenho, é preciso que cada equipe de trabalho tenha um palavra de ordem: aos projetistas, detalhamento; aos construtores, controle; à mão-de-obra, conscientização. / Ferrocement application in water tanks and swimming pools have started at the early 60\'s. Even though various applications had been succeed, until nowadays the techonology is essentially based on practical experience. There are no established methodologies which permit rational design, construction method improvement and a better assessment of the risks and reliability of the construction system. This work intend to contribute to the knowledge about the structural behavior of the ferrocement folded plate swimming pools and water tanks. Computer numerical simulations were made to investigate the membrane behavior under water loading, settlement and temperature variations. The influence of structure dimensions and mortar strength were also studied. These and others aspects related with the design method are discussed. The thesis also presents some comments about each construction stage as well as some cares needed to guarantee a good quality material. Looking for a durable and good performance structure, the order word to the designer is detailing, to the constructor is control and to the staff is awareness.

Levando em consideração que a piscina é um elemento necessãrio à saúde da comunidade e que a água, reservada nesses tanques, pode veicular agentes etiolológicos de doenças, procurou-se estudar as condições sanitárias de piscinas de uso coletivo de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. Com a finalidade de realizar análises físico-químicas e bacteriológicas, pesquisas de leveduras, algas e amebas de vida livre, foram obtidas 336 amostras, em quatro coletas de cada piscina, durante o periodo de 09 de agosto de 1981 a 27 de junho de 1982. As amostras foram coletadas da água e do raspado das paredes. De modo geral, com base nos resultados conseguidos, constatou-se que as piscinas não mantêm os de cloro suficientes à desinfecção. Em algumas foram registrados altos índices de bactérias, presença de algas nas paredes, bem como a ocorrência de leveduras e de amebas de vida livre potencialmente patogênicas. É importante assinalar a presença destes protozoários, face aos recentes registros de casos de meningoencefalite a eles associados. Conclui-se que há necessidade de tratamento adequado da água, treinamento especializado dos operadores e prática de principias básicos de educação em saúde. Recomenda-se o estabelecimento de legislação pertinente. / Considering that a swimming pool is a necessary item for the public health and that the water in such pools may contain aetiological agents of diseases, we sought to study the sanitary conditions of public swimming pools in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. With the objective of making physical-chemical and bacteriological analyses, yeast, algae and free-living amoebae researches, we obtained 336 samples in four samplings, from august 9, 1981 to june 27, 1982. The samples were collected from the water and from the walls. Generally, we observed that chlorine levels necessary for desinfection were not usually maintained in the swimming pools. In some of them high bacterial levels and algae on the walls were detected, as well as the ocurrence of yeast and potencially pathogenic free-living amoebae. It is important to focus the presence of these protozoa on occount of the recent occurrence of primary amoebic meningoencephalitis cases. In conclusion, there is the necessity of adequate treatment of the water, specialized training of the people who deal with it and the practice of the basic principles of health education. We recommend the stablishment of a legislation concerning this matter.