In recent years, sustainability has gained importance across the world. However, the social aspect of the concept has been explored the least. A trend leads towards cities targeting population growth. Densification is often seen as a tool to accommodate for a growing population in a rather sustainable way. This case study focusses on evaluations of Umeå Municipality’s population goal and densification, and on understanding the social sustainability of such strivings. Aiming to explore emotions, attitudes, and beliefs towards the population goal and densification, the study is based on three research questions, concerning: 1) the response towards the population goal and densification in Umeå; 2) the association of beliefs about social capital and equity in the neighborhood and the response towards the population goal and densification; and 3) the relationship between beliefs and emotions evoked by densification and the attitude towards densification. A web survey was carried out investigating people’s responses to the population goal and densification in Umeå, aiming to better understand the social sustainability of such strivings. In this study, social capital and equity were used as indicators for social sustainability. The literature suggests that the influence of density on social equity is predominantly positive, whereas the influence on social capital is ambiguous. More generally, the relationship between densification and social sustainability is seen as complex and context dependent. The survey indicates attitudes towards the population goal being neutral, and towards densification slightly negative. Moreover, it has been found that beliefs concerning the neighborhood influence the perception particularly of densification. Finally, this study shows that emotions play an important role when it comes to the acceptance of densification.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet, 2005. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Population growth is something that many Swedish municipalities strive for. Out of the 290 municipalities in the country, 115 of them have population targets and 103 state that they are targeting an increased population. Umeå in the north of Sweden is one of those municipalities and has a vision to have 200,000 inhabitants by the year of 2050. This study aims to critically exam Umeå municipality’s likelihood on fulfilling its vision to have 200,000 inhabitants. Furthermore, the aim is to illustrate the municipality’s planning regarding the spatial distribution of this population growth. This is done by comparing historical average growth data with population projections and the average growth which is required to fulfill the vision. Neither the historical average growth, latest ten years or the population projection done by Umeå is sufficient for the municipality to reach 200,000 inhabitants. Among other growth processes, the number of employments in the municipality need to increase to be able to reach the population target. The municipality estimates that 94,000 jobs are required, which is an additional 33,800 from current levels. Neither the historical growth rate last 32 years or the more current last ten years’ rate is sufficient for the number required year 2050.The assessment is that it is unlikely that the municipality will achieve its population target as the rate of growth required is that much higher than both current growth levels and the projected levels in the near future. Even if the goal would to be unattained, the question can be asked if it should be considered as a failure since the municipality still is projected to be under growth, just not to the extent of the targeted levels.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T17:41:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo7344_1.pdf: 869852 bytes, checksum: 2118d98125244ab0d4f8a6a11f480308 (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Henrique de Santana, Luís; Menezes Campello de Souza, Fernando. Growth models incorporating technology and a new population dynamics equation. 2006. Dissertação (Mestrado). Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia de Produção, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, 2006.

The objective of this diploma thesis is to describe and to complexly evaluate Chinas one child policy from its introduction in 1979 till its abandonment in 2015. Theoretical part of thesis offers a detailed description of the policy, its application in real life, circumstances and aims that led to the implementation of the policy. Applied part of thesis analyses its effect on the fertility rate, population growth and economic growth. According to the results of this analysis one child policy helped to decline Chinas fertility rate and population growth, however its impact is just partial. The decline of Chinese population growth then contributed to the economic growth; my estimate is that it composed 40 % of average annual growth of real GDP per capita. One child policy is also responsible for raising sex ratio and ageing of population in China. These demographic problems let to its replacement by two child policy that probably wont solve these problems.

Thesis evaluates sustainability of economic growth in current conditions from three main points of view: impacts of mankind to enviroment especially in form of global warming, growth of human population and availability of energy sources. Thesis offers possible scenario of solving the situation and analyses, how had situation been solved till now and tries to find reasons why were these solutions succesfull or not, and proposes possibilities to solve the situation.

This diploma thesis is focused on overpopulation problem, which is a very debatable term in this time. The thesis analyzes recent development in fertility, mortality and migration in each continent with aim to evaluate threats of the overpopulation. Although this term is more like global problem, the thesis aims to specify and identify continents, which might be truly affected by overpopulation. Part of the diploma thesis is focused on calculation of possible future development of population size based on mathematical models which are birth - immigration - death process and logistic (Verhulst) growth. The projections are established on UN data and their horizon is period 2095 - 2100.

Orientador: Jamil Viana Pereira / Resumo: Neste trabalho, será abordada a teoria matemática utilizada no estudo de quatro modelos clássicos de crescimento populacional: Malthus, Verhulst, Gompertz e Montroll. Serão apresentadas e/ou discutidas algumas de suas características, propriedades, diferenças e diferentes métodos para obtenção de seus parâmetros. Posteriormente, estes modelos e métodos serão aplicados a um conjunto de dados relativos ao crescimento populacional do Brasil. Também foi elaborada uma atividade para ser aplicada no Ensino Médio, na qual se explora, por tabelas e gráficos, a forma como os alunos observam certos fenômenos de crescimento, bem como, construtivamente e com auxílio de dados, a forma como ocorrem esses crescimentos de fato. / Abstract: In this work, the mathematical theory of four classic population growth models (Malthus, Verhulst, Gompertz and Montroll) will be addressed. Some of their characteristics, properties, differences and different methods for obtaining their parameters will be presented and/or discussed. Subsequently, these models and methods will be applied to a Brazilian population growth data set. An activity was also elaborated to be applied in high school. It explores, by tables and graphs, how students observe some growth phenomena, as well as, constructively and with the help of data, how these growths really occur. / Mestre

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects on the Swedish moose populationof a new moose management system introduced in 2012. To this end, the size of thepopulation had to be measured. The methodology used was an empirical version of theGordon–Schaefer bioeconomic model previously employed to estimate Sweden’s wildboar population. The Effort variable for the model was modified in that traffic accidentsrelative to traffic density served as a proxy for it. The study investigated years for whichdata was available, namely 2004–2017. Nineteen out of Sweden’s 21 Counties wereincluded in the study. The result produced extremely high population estimates,suggesting that the model could not be directly transferred from wild boar to moose.Nonetheless, although the study’s population estimates in absolute terms are unrealistic,their relative sizes indicate that moose populations were somewhat smaller in 2017 thanin 2012 – the latter year being when the new management system was introduced.However, the trend line shows that, over a longer period, the moose population hasincreased in Sweden, and 2017 may just be a temporary deviation from that trend. Itappears, therefore, that Sweden’s latest moose management system does not have thedesired effect on its moose population.

Sub-Saharan Africa is the region in the world with the highest population growth and child mortality. By measuring to what extent the parents "replace" a child in the case of death, we estimate the direct child replacement effect in Niger between 1976 and 2011. Our novel empirical strategy is a modified 2SPS instrumental variable approach, which exploits the exogeneity of precipitation and outdoor temperature in connection with the mother's pregnancy and the child's first five years. We find an estimate of 0.9. The estimate found close to unity implicates a relatively small trade-off between reducing child mortality and population growth, both being large problems in Niger. Our approach is a contribution to the literature on quasi-experimental methods in that we consider properties of respondents on an individual level in the first stage model, and redefine the outcome to a household level in the second stage. The redefinition is thereby a way of drawing conclusions on a group level.