Piketty's main theoretical prediction is that a small elite will own all wealth if capitalism is left to its own devices. We formulate and calibrate a Post-Keynesian model with an endogenous distribution of wealth between workers and capitalists. The model permits Piketty's Corner solution of all wealth held by capitalists; however, it also shows that interior solutions with a stable, non-zero wealth share of workers, a stable wealth-to-income ratio, and a stable and positive gap between the profit and the growth rate determined by the Cambridge equation. Furthermore, simulations show that the model confirms to Piketty's empirical findings in a transitional phase, in which the wealth share of capitalists rises to over 60%, the wealth-toincome ratio increases, and income inequality rises. Finally, we show that the introduction of a wealth tax as suggested by Piketty could neutralize the rise in wealth concentration. / Series: INEQ Working Paper Series

The objective of this study is to use the post-Keynesian outline to explain the politics of Brazilian exchange regime, and the behavior of the real\'s exchange rate in relation to the American dollar from January 1999 to December 2012. In the face of the importance of exchange rates as one of the most important relative prices to an accelerating global economy, the study behind the causes of their behavior is a much-discussed subject in economic literature. After the collapse of the Bretton Woods accord, traditional theoretic models were developed to explain the high volatility of currency exchanges. Nevertheless, the lack of consensus in these models allowed the Keynesian theory to be incorporated into the new global reality, which is characterized by both a greater integration of markets and capital volatility. The Keynesian theory has in its foundation, a mental model and the diagram Z-D. Both of these are supported by variables such as the adoption of norms and conventions, bandwagon effects, and social and psychological factors as inputs into the processes of building up expectations and decision-making. The result was obtained, once the post-Keynesian model showed itself to be plausible in the explanation of the foreign exchange dynamics for the period under consideration. / O objetivo deste estudo é utilizar o arcabouço pós-keynesiano para explicar a política cambial brasileira e o comportamento da taxa de câmbio do real em relação ao dólar americano de janeiro de 1999 a dezembro de 2012. Diante da importância da taxa de câmbio como um dos mais importantes preços relativos da economia em ambiente de globalização acelerada, a busca pelos determinantes do seu comportamento é tema amplamente discutido na literatura econômica. Modelos teóricos tradicionais foram desenvolvidos após o colapso de Bretton Woods para explicar a alta volatilidade cambial. Contudo a falta de consenso desses modelos permitiu que a teoria keynesiana fosse adaptada para a nova realidade mundial, caracterizada pelas elevadas integração dos mercados e volatilidade dos capitais, trazendo como fundamentos a elaboração de um modelo mental e o diagrama Z-D. Ambos estão respaldados em variáveis como a adoção de convenções, efeitos bandwagon e fatores sociais e psicológicos para os processos de elaboração de expectativas e tomada de decisão. O resultado obtido foi alcançado, uma vez que o modelo teórico pós-keynesiano mostrou-se como uma alternativa plausível para explicar a dinâmica da taxa de câmbio no Brasil no período estudado. / Mestre em Economia