Title: The effect of one-off so called sensorimotor serie exercise on postural stability measured on Neurocom SMART Equitest Aim: The goal of this thesis is to evaluate the effect of one-off so-called sensorimotor serie exercise on postural stability on a healthy young human measured by computerized dynamic posturography (CDP). Methods: This experimental study is using a cross-over design, it means that participants got the intervention in randomized order. 20 healthy young subjects participated in the experiment, 12 women and 8 men aged 20 to 28 years (23,55± 1,63). The group of men and women was randomly divided into two groups. Group E1 was measured by Neurocom SMART Equitest using three testing protocols (SOT, MCT, LOS), went through the one-off so called sensorimotor serie, and was measured again immediately afterwards (almost 30 minutes after the first measurement) at the first appointment. In 1 week ± 1 day (wash-out period) participants from the group E1 were only measured without getting any intervention and after 30 minutes break measured again. Group E2 got the intervention in opposite order. Measured data were processed using the Neurocom Balance Manager Software. In the statistical analysis was used one-sample t-test respectively two-sample t-test (Welch's version) as a comparison...

In the study "The relationship between postural stability and physical activities", we focused on determining the level of postural stability and the possibility of influencing by appropriate means of exercise intervention in people with increased physical activity and persons with physical limitations. Persons with increased physical activity were top players and players competing in various sports (football, handball, volleyball, golf) and those with physical limitations, patients suffering from diseases that have a negative impact on postural stability (Friedrich's ataxia, autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, Charlot-Marie- Tooth). Upright posture in stance and movement is a fundamental prerequisite for human bipedal locomotion. Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture, which advises the motor and coordination skills, and its meaning is close to equilibrium abilities. Maintaining an upright posture is ensured by muscle activity, which is controlled by the central nervous system based on information from internal and external environment. Control of postural stability is the primary prerequisite for successful movement and as such it can be developed on the basis of appropriate physical activities. All methods of measuring static and dynamic postural stability can be...

Fragestellung: Mögliche Interaktionen zwischen Mittelohrdruck und Gleichgewichtsstörungen werden seit vielen Jahren diskutiert. Der Rolle der druckausgelösten Trommelfellbewegungen, die bei degenerativ fixierten Ossikelgelenken aufgrund des Hydraulikfaktors eine viel grössere Kraft ausüben als der direkte Druck an den Innenohrfenstern, wurde dabei nur geringe Aufmerksamkeit gewidmet. Patienten und Methodik: Wir untersuchten bei 19 Patienten mit einseitigem Morbus Ménière die durch wechselnde Drucke im äusseren Gehörgang (analog zur Tympanometrie) ausgelösten Interaktionen zwischen Trommelfellauslenkungen und vestibulären Reaktionen in der Elektronystagmographie und in der Posturographie. Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerungen: Bei schnellen und langsamen Druckwechseln konnten zwischen –600 und +400 daPa weder auf dem gesunden noch auf dem erkrankten Ohr im Elektronystagmogramm Nystagmen nachgewiesen werden. Die posturographische Aufzeichnung der vestibulospinalen Reaktionen auf einer Luzerner Messplatte erwies sich dagegen als sensibler. Die Längenzunahme der Schwankungslinie zeigte bei beiden durchgeführten Druckwechseln auf dem kranken Ohr signifikante Unterschiede gegenüber der Messung bei Reizung des gesunden Ohres. Diese Methode ist somit der klassischen Prüfung des Hennebertschen Fistelsymptoms überlegen. Das vestibulospinale System reagiert möglicherweise empfindlicher als das vestibulookuläre auf Druckschwankungen der Perilymphe. Darüber hinaus könnte der nachgewiesene Zusammenhang der druckausgelösten Trommelfellbewegungen mit cochleovestibulären Symptomen bei einigen Patienten mit M. Ménière den Erfolg einer Paukenröhrcheneinlage erklären, da hiermit aussendruckinduzierte Trommelfellbewegungen und damit verbundene Perilymphschwankungen von vornherein unterbunden werden. / Objectives: Interactions between middle ear pressure and vestibular disturbances have been discussed for many years. Less attention has been paid to the influence of ear drum movements caused by pressure changes in the external auditory meatus. Because of the hydraulic amplification in case of fixed ossicular joints the impact of these movements is bigger than the direct pressure on the internal ear windows. Material and Patients: We examined the interaction between ear drum movements and vestibular reactions caused in the external auditory meatus of 19 patients suffering from unilateral Ménière’s disease. Results and Conclusions: Both fast as well as slow pressure changes between –600 and +400 daPa were not able to induce nystagmus in the electronystagmogram of either the healthy or the damaged ear. Posturographic recordings of the vestibulospinal responses on the ‘Luzerner measuring platform’ were significantly more sensitive. The increase in length of the postural staggering line showed significant differences between the healthy and the damaged ear for fast and for slow pressure changes compared to calibration. In conclusion, the sensitivity of this examination is superior to the classical examination of Hennebert’s fistula symptom. The vestibulospinal system is more sensitive towards pressure changes of the perilymph than the vestibuloocular system. The proven correlation between ear drum movements and internal ear symptomatology could explain the success of the treatment of patients suffering from Ménière’s disease with tympanic grommets. Thus grommets prevent the pressure-induced ear drum movements and avoid perilymph movements induced by pressure changes. / Chez les patients souffrant de la maladie de Ménière, les variations de pression entraıˆnent des mouvements du tympan, influant ainsi sur les réactions vestibulaires. Objectifs: Si l’on s’est longtemps intéressé aux possibles interactions entre la pression de l’oreille moyenne et les troubles de l’équilibre, on a en revanche prêté moins d’attention à l’influence que peuvent exercer les mouvements du tympan dus aux variations de pression dans le conduit auditif externe. Or, lorsque les articulations ossiculaires sont bloquées, l’amplification hydraulique fait que ces mouvements ont un impact plus important que la pression directe exercée aux fenêtres de l’oreille interne. Méthodes et patients: Chez 19 malades souffrant d’un syndrome de Ménière unilatéral, nous avons étudié par ENG et posturographie la relation entre les réactions vestibulaires et les mouvements du tympan que déclenchent les variations de pression dans le conduit auditif externe. Résultats et conclusions: Qu’il s’agisse de variations de pression lentes ou rapides (entre –600 et +400 daPa), de l’oreille saine ou déficiente, l’ENG n’a révélé aucun nystagmus. En revanche, les enregistrements posturographiques des réactions vestibulo-spinales sur la plate-forme de mesure de Lucerne ont été plus sensibles. L’allongement de la courbe de variation a montré des différences significatives entre l’oreille saine et déficiente, que ce soit lors de variations de pression rapides ou lentes. En conclusion, la précision de ce type d’examen se révèle nettement supérieure à celle de l’examen classique du signe de la fistule d’Hennebert (signe d’Hennebert). Le système vestibulo-spinal réagit apparemment de manière plus sensible que le système vestibulo-oculaire aux variations de pression du périlymphe. De plus, la relation que l’on a établie entre les mouvements du tympan dus aux variations de pression et les symptômes vestibulo-cochléaires pourrait expliquer les succès de la pose de diabolos chez certains patients souffrant de la maladie de Ménière. Ces diabolos empêchent les mouvements du tympan liés au changement de pression, évitant ainsi les mouvements du périlymphe. / Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

Title: Evaluation of dynamic postural stability in football players Objectives: The main objective of this diploma thesis is to investigate the difference of dynamic postural stability between football players and the common population and measure all the data by computerized dynamic posturography SMART EquiTest System from company of Neurocom. Methods: This is a quantitative cross-sectional study. The research is divided in two groups, an experimental group involving 25 football players aged between 20 and 30 years without injuries, an active career over 5 years and a control group involving 25 participants, who are recreational athletes aged between 18 and 31 years from the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University. Measurements of dynamic postural stability were performed on Neurocom SMART EquiTest in the Laboratory of applied kinesiology of Charles University Faculty of Physical Education and Sport. Everyone was tested just one time for all seven test batteries - Sensory Organization Test, Motor Control Test, Rhythmic Weight Shift, Unilateral Stance, Weight Bearing Squat, Adaptation Test and Limits of Stability. One testing session took about 45-60 minutes. The measured data was subsequently processed by Neurocom Balance Manager Software. For the analyses of the data there...

Title: The Effect of Thermotherapy on Postural Stability assessed via NeuroCom SMART Equitest Objective: The aim of this study is ti determine whether a one-time application of positive or negative thermotherapy has a positive or negative effect on the postural stability and/or balance in a sample of healthy young adults. The tool for achieving this goal will be statistical analysis of the results of the computerized dynamic posturography before and after application of thermotherapy. And futher a comparison with the results of the control examination. Methods: In this study we have used one-time application of positive and negative thermotherapy in the form of water immersion. A total of ten women and ten men with average age 24 years (sd = 2,18), average height 174,45 centimeters (sd = 7,72) and average weight 78,10 kilograms (sd = 18,10) took part in our study. We assessed postural stability via the NeuroCom SMART Equitest test battery. The assessment was carried out without the use of head tracker accessory. We tested each participant three times in three different days. During each day one condition was applied. Conditions consisted of positive thermotherapy (temperature of 40 řC), cryotherapy (temperature of 4 řC) and control condition. Within each session two examination were made, divided...

Author: Bc. Petra Žitná Title: Evaluation of the influence of regular slackline activity on the dynamic postural stability of the sport population aged 20-30 years Aim: The aim of this work is an attempt to objectively evaluate the influence of regular slackline sporting activity on dynamic postural stability in comparison with a standard named "Athles Norm 20-30" (further stated as "Norm AN") set for sporting population aged between 20 - 30 years. Methods: The measurements were carried out in the Laboratory of kinesiology at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University. There were tested 10 participants aged 20-30 years doing the slackline sport for long time. For testing the dynamic postural stability were used the Sensory Organization Test, Unilateral Stance and Head Shake - Sensory Organization Test. The measurements on the NeuroCom Smart Equi Test were preceded by carrying out the Stork Standing Balance Test both in standardized form and modification. After specifying the statistic difference between the measured values and Norm AN there was used the Welch Test with the significance level of α = 0.05. For evaluating the correlations there was used the Pearson Test. As a high degree of reliability there was accepted the value of r ≥ 0.70. Results: There were recorded...

In the study "The relationship between postural stability and physical activities", we focused on determining the level of postural stability and the possibility of influencing by appropriate means of exercise intervention in people with increased physical activity and persons with physical limitations. Persons with increased physical activity were top players and players competing in various sports (football, handball, volleyball, golf) and those with physical limitations, patients suffering from diseases that have a negative impact on postural stability (Friedrich's ataxia, autosomal dominant spinocerebellar ataxia, Charlot-Marie- Tooth). Upright posture in stance and movement is a fundamental prerequisite for human bipedal locomotion. Postural stability is the ability to maintain an upright posture, which advises the motor and coordination skills, and its meaning is close to equilibrium abilities. Maintaining an upright posture is ensured by muscle activity, which is controlled by the central nervous system based on information from internal and external environment. Control of postural stability is the primary prerequisite for successful movement and as such it can be developed on the basis of appropriate physical activities. All methods of measuring static and dynamic postural stability can be...

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Title: Postural stabilization and balance - theoretical background and definitions (literature review) Objectives: The aim of this theses is to investigate the present situation of theoretical background of postural stabilization and balance and find out the differences between both of these phenomenons. The theses should summarize the current literature including the newest studies. Furthermore, it discusses the most used computerized measurements methods for assessing balance and postural control. Methods: The theses has character of literature review. It is divided into several parts. The beginning introduces the theoretical background. The descriptive and analytical chapter discuss the most used computerized measurement methods for assessing balance and postural control. The discussion summarizes the current situation and results of the theses. Results: The total amount of the 104 studies was found, but only 12 of them met the criteria of the theses. Currently the most used methods for assessing balance and postural control are the computerized dynamic posturography and the visual feedback posturography. In the published studies there were found several differences in the methods of posturography. Even, there was revealed ideological diversity in the authors' opinions and disunity in...