Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:09:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MarceloSTS_TESE.pdf: 2868959 bytes, checksum: f60bedf5f558e2aafe77046674684c88 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-08 / The general objective of this thesis has been seasonal monitoring (quarterly time scale) of coastal and estuarine areas of a section of the Northern Coast of Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil, environmentally sensitive and with intense sediment erosion in the oil activities to underpin the implementation of projects for containment of erosion and mitigate the impacts of coastal dynamics. In order to achieve the general objective, the work was done systematically in three stages which consisted the specific objectives. The first stage was the implementation of geodetic reference infrastructure for carrying out the geodetic survey of the study area. This process included the implementation of RGLS (Northern Coast of the RN GPS Network), consisting of stations with geodetic coordinates and orthometric heights of precision; positioning of Benchmarks and evaluation of the gravimetric geoid available, for use in GPS altimetry of precision; and development of software for GPS altimetry of precision. The second stage was the development and improvement of methodologies for collection, processing, representation, integration and analysis of CoastLine (CL) and Digital Elevation Models (DEM) obtained by geodetic positioning techniques. As part of this stage have been made since, the choice of equipment and positioning methods to be used, depending on the required precision and structure implanted, and the definition of the LC indicator and of the geodesic references best suited, to coastal monitoring of precision. The third step was the seasonal geodesic monitoring of the study area. It was defined the execution times of the geodetic surveys by analyzing the pattern of sediment dynamics of the study area; the performing of surveys in order to calculate and locate areas and volumes of erosion and accretion (sandy and volumetric sedimentary balance) occurred on CL and on the beaches and islands surfaces throughout the year, and study of correlations between the measured variations (in area and volume) between each survey and the action of the coastal dynamic agents. The results allowed an integrated study of spatial and temporal interrelationships of the causes and consequences of intensive coastal processes operating in the area, especially to the measurement of variability of erosion, transport, balance and supply sedimentary over the annual cycle of construction and destruction of beaches. In the analysis of the results, it was possible to identify the causes and consequences of severe coastal erosion occurred on beaches exposed, to analyze the recovery of beaches and the accretion occurring in tidal inlets and estuaries. From the optics of seasonal variations in the CL, human interventions to erosion contention have been proposed with the aim of restoring the previous situation of the beaches in the process of erosion. / O objetivo geral desta Tese de Doutorado foi o monitoramento costeiro sazonal (em escala temporal trimestral) de ?reas costeiras e estuarinas de um trecho do Litoral Setentrional do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil, sens?vel ambientalmente e de intensa eros?o sedimentar sob as atividades petrol?feras, para servir de base na implanta??o de projetos de conten??o da eros?o e na mitiga??o dos impactos causados pela din?mica costeira. Para atingir o objetivo geral, o trabalho foi desenvolvido de maneira sistem?tica em tr?s etapas, as quais consistiram os objetivos espec?ficos. A primeira etapa foi da implanta??o da infraestrutura geod?sica de refer?ncia para a realiza??o dos levantamentos geod?sicos da ?rea de estudo. Compreendeu a implanta??o da Rede GPS do Litoral Setentrional do RN (RGLS), constitu?da de esta??es com coordenadas geod?sicas e altitudes ortom?tricas de precis?o; posicionamento de Refer?ncias de N?vel (RN) e avalia??o do modelo geoidal gravim?trico dispon?vel, para serem utilizados na altimetria por GPS de precis?o; e desenvolvimento de aplicativos para a altimetria por GPS de precis?o. A segunda etapa foi do desenvolvimento e aperfei?oamento de metodologias para o levantamento, processamento, representa??o, integra??o e an?lises de Linhas de Costa (LC) e Modelos Digitais de Eleva??o (MDE) obtidos por t?cnicas geod?sicas de posicionamento. Incluiu desde a escolha dos equipamentos e m?todos de posicionamento a serem utilizados, em fun??o da precis?o requerida e da estrutura implantada, at? a defini??o do indicador de LC e dos referenciais geod?sicos mais adequados ao monitoramento costeiro de precis?o. A terceira etapa foi do monitoramento geod?sico sazonal da ?rea de estudo. Definiu as ?pocas de execu??o dos levantamentos geod?sicos, a partir da an?lise do padr?o de din?mica sedimentar da ?rea de estudo; execu??o dos levantamentos, com os objetivos de calcular e localizar ?reas e volumes de eros?o e acres??o (balan?os sedimentares areal e volum?trico) ocorridas nas LC e nas superf?cies das praias e ilhas ao longo do ano, e estudo das correla??es entre as varia??es mensuradas (em ?rea e volume) entre os levantamentos e a atua??o dos agentes din?micos costeiros. Os resultados permitiram um estudo integrado das rela??es espaciais e temporais das causas e consequ?ncias dos intensos processos costeiros atuantes na ?rea, especialmente com a mensura??o da variabilidade da eros?o, transporte, balan?o e suprimento sedimentares ao longo do ciclo anual de constru??o e destrui??o das praias. Nas an?lises dos resultados, foi poss?vel identificar as causas e consequ?ncias da intensa eros?o costeira nas praias expostas, analisar a recupera??o sedimentar das praias e a acres??o nos canais de mar? e nos estu?rios. A partir da ?tica das varia??es sazonais das linhas de costa, interven??es antr?picas de conten??o de eros?o foram propostas com o objetivo de recuperar a situa??o anterior das praias em processo de eros?o.