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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estudo sistemÃtico da precipitaÃÃo seletiva de Cu(II), Zn(II), Ni(II) utilizando H2S gerado na hidrÃlise da Tioacetamida para aplicaÃÃo no tratamento de resÃduos aquosos da indÃstria de galvanoplastia / Systematic study of selective precipitation Cu (II), Zn (II), Ni (II) using the generated H2S Thioacetamide hydrolysis of the application for waste treatment aqueous electroplating industry

Paula Marcelle Oliveira Silva 27 January 2012 (has links)
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / A precipitaÃÃo de Ãons metÃlicos com sulfeto à um processo importante no tratamento Ãguas residuÃrias oriundas de efluentes industriais de acabamento metÃlico. Sobretudo, por ser uma alternativa viÃvel para a recuperaÃÃo e reutilizaÃÃo de metais jà que o controle de pH a torna seletiva. O presente trabalho estudou a precipitaÃÃo seletiva de Cu2+, Zn2+ e Ni2+ utilizando H2S(g) gerado pela hidrÃlise da Tioacetamida. Os estudos foram realizados em escala laboratorial em duas etapas. Na primeira etapa, foram realizados estudos monoelementar para cada Ãon (100 mg.L-1), sendo inicialmente investigado os seguintes parÃmetros: montagem do sistema reacional, faixa de pH (2,0 a 6,0) e tempo de exposiÃÃo ao gÃs H2S (de 30 a 150 minutos). O estudo mostrou que o Cu2+ precipita imediatamente quando à exposto ao H2S(g) e em qualquer valor de pH testados alcanÃando 99,9% de remoÃÃo. Para o Zn2+ a precipitaÃÃo foi preferencial quando o pH ficou entre 4,0 e 5,0, e o tempo de exposiÃÃo ideal foi de 60 min, para que a precipitaÃÃo fosse acima de 95,0%. O pH influenciou todo o processo de precipitaÃÃo dos Ãons, sendo mais influente para o Ni2+, iniciando sua precipitaÃÃo em pH 6,0, e apÃs 4 ciclos de 30 min, somando um tempo de exposiÃÃo de 120 min para que a sua remoÃÃo fosse acima de 90%. Na segunda etapa, foram realizados estudos de mistura binÃria e ternÃria dos Ãons a partir dos valores de pH e tempo de exposiÃÃo encontrados pelo estudo individual. Em resumo, os resultados obtidos nos experimentos feitos com a mistura dos Ãons corresponderam aos resultados obtidos no estudo de metal simples, fixando o valor de pH 2,0 para precipitaÃÃo do Cu2+, pH entre 4,0 e 5,0 para precipitaÃÃo do Zn2+ e pH = 6,0 para precipitaÃÃo do Ni2+. Para os sistemas Cu2+-Zn2+ e Cu2+-Ni2+ os resultados mostraram pouca interferÃncia de um Ãon na precipitaÃÃo do outro, sendo possÃvel a separaÃÃo de ambos e precipitaÃÃo acima de 90%. Por outro lado para o estudo do sistema Zn+2-Ni +2 foi constatado que o controle rÃgido de pH à determinante para separar sulfetos metÃlicos com pKps muito prÃximos, obtendo 90% de remoÃÃo para ambos. Os resultados envolvendo a separaÃÃo fracionada do sistema Cu2+-Zn2+-Ni2+ foram satisfatÃrios, nÃo necessitando do uso de agentes complexantes e sim o controle rÃgido de pH. / The precipitation of metal sulfides is an important process to treat wastewater coming from industrial effluents from metal finishing Mostly because it is a viable alternative for the recovery and reuse of metals by controlling the pH becomes selective. This work studied the selective precipitation.of Cu2+, Zn2+-and Ni2+ using H2S(g) provided by the hydrolysis of thioacetamide. The studies were conducted in laboratory scale and in two steps. Firstly, studies were performed for each single metal ion (100 mg.L-1) were initially investigated the following parameters: setting up a reaction system, the pH range (0,5 a 6,0) and exposure time (30 -150 minutes). The studies showed that Cu2+ easily precipitated in the first 30 min at all pH values tested reaching 99,9% of removal. For the Zn2+ precipitation is preferred when the pH was between4.0 and 5.0, and optimum exposure time was 60 min, so that the precipitation was greater than 95.0%. The pH has influenced the process ion precipitation, and most influential for the Ni2+, starting from their precipitation at pH 6.0, and after 4 times of 30 min, adding an exposure time of 120 min so that its removal should be above 90%. In the second step, studies were conducted in binary and ternary mixture of ions from the values of pH and exposure time for individual study found. In summary, the results obtained in experiments conducted with the mixture of the ions correspond to the results obtained in the study of single metal, setting the pH value of 2.0 to precipitation of Cu2+, pH between 4.0 and 5.0 for precipitation of Zn2+ and pH = 6,0 for precipitation of Ni2+. For systems Cu2+ and Zn2+, Cu2+ and Ni2+ results showed little interference of an ion in the precipitation of another, with the possible separation and precipitation of both above 90%. In addition to the study of the system Zn2+- Ni2+ was found that the rigid control of pH is critical to separate metallic sulfides pKps very close to getting 90% removal for both. The results involving the fractional separation system Cu2+, Zn2+ e Ni2+ were satisfactory and does not require the use of complexing agents, but the drive control of pH.

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