published_or_final_version / abstract / Physiology / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Paediatrics / Master / Master of Philosophy

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Univ., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Thesis (M. Phil.)--University of Hong Kong, 1998. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-168).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2006. / Title proper from title frame. Also available in printed format.

A joint experimental and numerical project has been initiated at Virginia Tech to study the effect of ozone on diesel soot precursors. This thesis is the first stage of the numerical part of the project, and contains a study of the effect of the different ozone levels on diesel soot precursors. This numerical study is executed via the use of two computer programs, Senkin, and PSR. An idealistic model of the diesel engine was used in both analyses. The numerical studies were done at three different engine speeds, 1500, 2000, 2500 RPM and eight different levels of ozone. Studies were performed with ozone introduced with the intake air and with the fuel. Eleven product species, which include dominant soot precursors such as acetylene (C2H2) and the propargyl radical (C3H3), were examined and evaluated during this experiment. After analyzing both simulations, the PSR predictions were not useful since it omits the existence of temperature and species gradients. The PSR analysis was used as a preliminary model to get an overall idea of combustion pollutant formation and predicted the exit soot precursor concentrations were unaffected by any ozone addition. However, the Senkin analysis predicted the ozone injection did have the potential to reduce the formation of soot precursors. The Senkin analysis predicted more realistic results and therefore it is believed to yield the correct conclusion. However, it was suggested that an additional program, such as KIVA3, be utilized to predict a more practical view of the chemical kinetic behavior of ozone and its effect on the diesel engine. / Master of Science

The new federal legislation focusing on student achievement, critical reports of the public educational system, and the artificial distinction between academic and career and technical education, have combined to create an urgent need for the integration of academic and career and technical education (Finch & Crunkilton, 1999). The literature suggests that integration is one alternative to raising student achievement of all students and helps to prepare them for the workplace (Benson, 1989; Lankard, 1994; Brown, 1998; Stasz, Kaganoff, & Eden, 1994). The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which teachers and principals in HSTW sites perceive precursors (consisting of integration strategies and conditions) to integrate academic and career and technical education are present in their schools. In addition, comparisons of perceptions were examined based on school type, school size, and school location. The sample included 168 academic and career and technical education teachers and 36 principals from 36 HSTW sites in Virginia. Based on the findings from the factor analysis, precursors to integrate academic and career and technical curricula can be grouped into two relatively coherent latent factors: collaboration and academic skill preparation. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) revealed that there were significant differences in the perceptions of teachers and principals. The multivariate analysis of variance also revealed significant differences based on school type only. Recommendations were made to assist teachers and principals to devise a plan to identify integration precursors that teachers perceive are not present in their schools. This information will be useful to principals and educational leaders for evaluating integration activities so they can provide support and guidance to increase integration activities in schools. / Ph. D.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karolinska institutet, 2007. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 121-136).

published_or_final_version / abstract / Anatomy / Master / Master of Philosophy