Orientador: Ubirajara Rancan de Azevedo Marques / Banca: José Carlos Bruni / Banca: Marco Aurélio Werle / Resumo: Partindo do sistema leibniziano e tomando como fio condutor a questão da geração da vida, pretendemos indicar os motivos filosóficos que levaram Leibniz a apoiar os biólogos pré-formacionistas do século XVII. A idéia de embutimento (ou encaixamento) de um novo ser dentro do seu progenitor, defendida pela teoria pré-formacionista, traz como que um exemplo do mundo monádico leibniziano, no qual todos os acontecimentos futuros, inclusive a geração de novos seres, foram já estabelecidos por Deus no momento da criação. As investigações microscópicas desenvolvidas por biólogos da época, especialmente por Leeuwenhoeck, descrevem um mundo até então desconhecido e trazem uma comprovação experimental da concepção teórica leibniziana. / Abstract: Coming from the Leibniz's system and taking as thread the question of the generation of the life, we intend to indicate the philosophical reasons that had taken Leibniz to support the preformationist biologists from the 17th century. The idea of inlaying (or fitting) of a new being into its ancestor, defended by the preformationist theory, brings an example about Leibniz's monads world, in which all the future events, also the generation of new beings, already had been established by God at the moment of the creation. Microscopic researches developed by biologists at this time, especially by Leeuwenhoek, describe an unknown world until then, and bring an experimental evidence of Leibniz's theoretical conception. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-07-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:27:02Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 vagna_r_me_mar.pdf: 434719 bytes, checksum: a428d91e5b541767ee3e4a6a8500c5a9 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Partindo do sistema leibniziano e tomando como fio condutor a questão da geração da vida, pretendemos indicar os motivos filosóficos que levaram Leibniz a apoiar os biólogos pré-formacionistas do século XVII. A idéia de embutimento (ou encaixamento) de um novo ser dentro do seu progenitor, defendida pela teoria pré-formacionista, traz como que um exemplo do mundo monádico leibniziano, no qual todos os acontecimentos futuros, inclusive a geração de novos seres, foram já estabelecidos por Deus no momento da criação. As investigações microscópicas desenvolvidas por biólogos da época, especialmente por Leeuwenhoeck, descrevem um mundo até então desconhecido e trazem uma comprovação experimental da concepção teórica leibniziana. / Coming from the Leibniz`s system and taking as thread the question of the generation of the life, we intend to indicate the philosophical reasons that had taken Leibniz to support the preformationist biologists from the 17th century. The idea of inlaying (or fitting) of a new being into its ancestor, defended by the preformationist theory, brings an example about Leibniz`s monads world, in which all the future events, also the generation of new beings, already had been established by God at the moment of the creation. Microscopic researches developed by biologists at this time, especially by Leeuwenhoek, describe an unknown world until then, and bring an experimental evidence of Leibniz`s theoretical conception.

While Berkeley's position on the materialism of the world is undoubtedly idealistic, Leibniz's position is somewhat problematic: in metaphysical texts, he seems to be an idealist, while in texts concerned with natural philosophy and physics, he seems more like a dualist similar to Aristotle. We will even see that Leibniz wants to be both an idealist/phenomenalist and a realist. Moreover, in his remarks to Berkeley, he criticizes Berkeley's idealism and his rejection of matter. The aim of this paper is to map Leibniz's idealistic position, compare it with Berkeley's, and decide whether Leibniz's objections to Berkeley are justified and whether their positions are any similar