A ampliação da noção de patrimônio cultural e a consequente inserção da problemática urbana no debate patrimonial ocorre sobretudo a partir dos anos 1970, processo este já consolidado pela bibliografia, destacando-se aí o conceito de patrimônio ambiental urbano. Reconhecendo este processo, esta tese analisa a preservação do patrimônio daí decorrente, que se firmou em torno de três eixos: a questão urbana, o meio-ambiente e a cidadania. Considera que a complexidade da prática preservacionista impõe o estudo da interface da preservação com a gestão urbana e das relações entre teoria e ação, problematizando a própria prática. Especialmente, procura historicizar, problematizar e refletir sobre as práticas do órgão preservacionista estadual, o CONDEPHAAT, a partir deste contexto, em processos de estudo de tombamento de bairros e regulamentação de áreas envoltórias na cidade de São Paulo. Fundamentalmente, procura mostrar como os casos escolhidos avançaram em um novo modo de se pensar o patrimônio, pelo fato de incluírem na discussão sobre a preservação o tema da qualidade de vida e a participação da sociedade civil no processo. Trata-se de uma discussão que inclui também o patrimônio como um direito social à memória. / The extension of the notion of cultural heritage and the consequent inclusion of the urban dilemma in the heritage related debates occur mainly from the seventieth years. This process has been already consolidated by the doctrine, being emphasized the concept of urban environmental heritage. Also recognizing such process, this thesis analyses the preservation and conservation of the heritage, which has been studied by three lines: the urban dilemma, the environment, and the citizenship. It is considered that the complexity of the preservative experiences imposes the analysis of the relationship between the preservation and the urban management and between theory and practice. From this context, this thesis specially intends to discuss the history and the problems of the experiences of the estate institution of preservation CONDEPHAAT -, from the analysis of the procedures of listed districts and regulation of surrounding areas of Sao Paulo city. Finally, this thesis intends to demonstrate how the chosen cases moved on to a new way to think heritage, by the reason of including in the discussion the issue of quality of life and participation of the civil society. This discussion also includes the heritage as social right to the memory.

by Huanpu Jun. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1990. / Bibliography: leaves 122-136. / Acknowledgement --- p.iii / Abstract --- p.V / Introduction --- p.1 / Literatiure review --- p.3 / Chapter A. --- "The changes of fruit during development, maturation, senescence" --- p.3 / Chapter 1. --- Fruit --- p.3 / Chapter 2. --- Fruit cell --- p.6 / Chapter 3. --- Respiration and ethylene --- p.18 / Chapter 4. --- Other oxidative reaction --- p.21 / Chapter 5. --- Control of ripening --- p.22 / Chapter B. --- In period of harvest and storage --- p.23 / Chapter 1. --- After harvest --- p.24 / Chapter 2. --- Postharvest technology procedures --- p.25 / Chapter C. --- Litchi --- p.28 / Chapter 1. --- Morphology and embryology --- p.28 / Chapter 2. --- Composition --- p.30 / Material and methods --- p.33 / Chapter A. --- "Morphological , anatomical and physical studies" --- p.33 / Chapter B. --- Biochemi cal studiets --- p.34 / Chapter 1. --- Starch content --- p.34 / Chapter 2. --- Soluble protein content --- p.35 / Chapter 3. --- Sugar component separated by thin layer chromatography --- p.36 / Chapter 4. --- Reducing sugar content --- p.36 / Chapter 5. --- Total sugars --- p.37 / Chapter 6. --- Acid content --- p.37 / Chapter 7. --- Chlorophyll contents --- p.37 / Chapter 8. --- Anthocyanin contents --- p.38 / Chapter 9. --- Phenolic compound content --- p.33 / Chapter 10. --- Peroxidase activity --- p.39 / Chapter 11. --- Superoxide dismutase activity --- p.39 / Chapter 12. --- Vitamin C content --- p.40 / Chapter C. --- Preliminary study on storage --- p.41 / Results --- p.43 / Chapter A. --- Development period --- p.43 / Chapter 1. --- "Morphological , anatomical and physical changes" --- p.43 / Chapter i. --- Whole Fruit --- p.43 / Chapter ii. --- Seed --- p.43 / Chapter iii. --- Aril --- p.44 / Chapter 2. --- Rhysio1ogica1 and biochemical changes --- p.47 / Chapter i. --- Weight and water content --- p.47 / Chapter ii. --- Soluble protein content --- p.52 / Chapter iii. --- Starch content --- p.52 / Chapter iv. --- Acidity --- p.52 / Chapter v. --- Sugar content --- p.61 / Chapter vi. --- Change in pericarp --- p.68 / Chapter B. --- Storage period --- p.63 / Chapter 1. --- Fruit without any treatment stored at 5°C and 10°C --- p.63 / Chapter 2. --- Fruit was treated and packed with different methods and then stored at 10°C and room temperature respectively --- p.75 / Chapter i. --- Change in Fresh weight of stored Fruit --- p.75 / Chapter ii. --- Rate of rotting --- p.78 / Chapter iii. --- Rate of darkening --- p.78 / Chapter iv. --- Anthocyanin --- p.87 / Chapter v. --- Phenolic compound --- p.87 / Chapter vi. --- Chlorophyll --- p.88 / Chapter vii. --- Acidity --- p.88 / Chapter viii. --- Total sugar --- p.101 / Chapter ix. --- Reducing sugar --- p.101 / Chapter x. --- Ascorbic acid --- p.106 / Chapter xi. --- Peroxidase activity --- p.106 / Chapter xii. --- Superoxide dismutase --- p.107 / Discussion --- p.114 / Reference --- p.122

Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

The first half of the nineteenth century saw New York City rise from a relatively small city to the largest metropolis in North America. The changes which affected the United States, from economic to demographic to cultural, appeared first in New York. New York City was a place of change and progress. At the same time, a new concern with the history of the City and concern with preservation arose. This study will examine how the need to balance preservation with change, the need to create an identity for New York, and the need to set New York's place in the nation, were explored in the early historical discourse surrounding New York, from formal chronicles to acts of preservation. I have examined the preservation and publication efforts of the New-York Historical Society, Washington Irving's Knickerbocker History and its effect on New York's culture, local histories of New York City and State, and the controversies surrounding the removal of New York City's burial grounds in order to explore these issues. The attempt of the New-York Historical Society to act as custodians of the City's history raises the question of just whose history was to be preserved. Washington Irving's works brought the Dutch history of New York to life for many of its citizens more vividly than any archive, and introduced the Knickerbocker character as a New York type. Local histories of New York City and State explored the relationship between regions and the nation as a whole. The efforts of New Yorkers to deal with the removal of burial grounds from New York City's boundaries show how important the past, particularly the personal past, was to New Yorkers of all classes and ethnicities. Themes of civic memory, the relationship between public and private, ideas of a usable past, and the relationship between myth and history run throughout this material. The historical discourse surrounding the New York of today was shaped by the historical discourse of the early nineteenth century.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--West Virginia University, 2007. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains viii, 114 p. : ill. (some col.), maps (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references.

Effects of thermal and electron beam (e-beam) processing on microbial inactivation and physichochemical properties of surimi and surimi seafood were investigated. Thermal-death-time (TDT) concept was used to model Staphylococcus aureus inactivation by heat and e-beam. Gurney-Lurie charts were used to estimate temperature during thermal processing of surimi seafood. Dose mapping technique was used to estimate dose absorbed by surmi seafood during e-beam processing. The dose absorbed increased up to 2 cm and then it gradually decreased, reaching a minimum at 5 cm depth of surimi seafood. It was determined that one and two-sided e-beam can efficiently penetrate 3.3 and 8.2 cm of surimi seafood, respectively. The D-value for thermally inactivated S. aureus was 0.65, 1.53, 6.52, 49.83, and 971.54 s, at 95, 85, 75, 65, and 55°C, respectively. The D-value for S. aureus inactivated with e-beam was 0.34 kGy. The z-value for thermally inactivated S. aureus between 55-95°C was not linear. Thermal processing degraded texture and color of surimi seafood. E-beam enhanced firmness and decreased the b* value of surimi seafood. Myosin heavy chain (MHC) degraded proportionally to the e-beam dose. Actin was not affected by e-beam except treatment at 25 kGy. Hydrophobic interactions and disulfide bonds were formed in raw Alaska pollock surimi when treated with e-beam. / Graduation date: 2002

Lung transplantation is a life-saving therapy for patients suffering from end-stage lung disease; however, the majority of donor lungs are injured and attempts to transplant them results in a high risk of primary graft dysfunction in the recipient, a type of severe acute lung injury. Previously, a novel method of lung preservation known as ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) has been developed in which donor lungs are continuously perfused and ventilated at normothermia using a protective strategy. Donor lungs have been shown to tolerate at least 12 h of preservation in this manner without the accrual of injury. Hence, EVLP could act as a platform on which injured donor lungs could potentially be evaluated and repaired. To explore this concept, we utilized interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, as a prototypical drug for ex vivo delivery. Because IL-10 protein has a prolonged half-life during EVLP, we delivered recombinant IL-10 by the intravascular and intratracheal routes to clinically-rejected injured human lungs. Intratracheal delivery resulted in elevated levels of IL-10 in both tissue and perfusate whereas intravascular delivery resulted in elevated levels of IL-10 only in the perfusate over 12 h of EVLP. There was, however, no beneficial effect to either lung function or lung inflammation. This was thought to be a result of intratracheally delivered IL-10 leaking out into the perfusate where it may not be biologically active. Constant IL-10 production within the lung tissue could be achieved using a gene therapy approach. Thus, we subsequently explored the delivery of IL-10 by adenoviral gene therapy during EVLP. Ex vivo administered intratracheal adenoviral gene therapy could increase transgene protein levels within the lung. More importantly, it did so with less vector-associated inflammation when compared to in vivo delivery of adenoviral gene therapy. Having explored drug delivery, we sought to develop a large animal injury model on which to test ex vivo therapies. Given that the majority of organ donors are brain dead and therefore exposed to the injurious sequelae resulting from brain death, we developed a brain-death injury model in pig. Use of EVLP as a platform for repair necessitates an accurate recognition of both lung injury and lung improvement during EVLP. Thus, we utilized this injury model to explore the profile of physiological parameters when an injured lung is perfused during EVLP. Because of the alteration of the PO2 to oxygen content relationship of an acellular perfusate, we found that PaO2 changes are less dramatic than in the in vivo situation. However, as injured lungs begin to become edematous, the mechanical effects on the lung by the increased water content can be measured by corresponding falls in compliance and increases in airway pressure. Overall, use of EVLP demonstrates promise for reducing the organ shortage currently prevalent in clinical lung transplantation. Improved evaluation will instill confidence in transplant clinicians to transplant previously questionable organs. Lungs which prove to be injured during evaluation can potentially be repaired using IL-10 therapy as explored herein or with other therapies using the delivery methods described.

Lung transplantation is a life-saving therapy for patients suffering from end-stage lung disease; however, the majority of donor lungs are injured and attempts to transplant them results in a high risk of primary graft dysfunction in the recipient, a type of severe acute lung injury. Previously, a novel method of lung preservation known as ex vivo lung perfusion (EVLP) has been developed in which donor lungs are continuously perfused and ventilated at normothermia using a protective strategy. Donor lungs have been shown to tolerate at least 12 h of preservation in this manner without the accrual of injury. Hence, EVLP could act as a platform on which injured donor lungs could potentially be evaluated and repaired. To explore this concept, we utilized interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine, as a prototypical drug for ex vivo delivery. Because IL-10 protein has a prolonged half-life during EVLP, we delivered recombinant IL-10 by the intravascular and intratracheal routes to clinically-rejected injured human lungs. Intratracheal delivery resulted in elevated levels of IL-10 in both tissue and perfusate whereas intravascular delivery resulted in elevated levels of IL-10 only in the perfusate over 12 h of EVLP. There was, however, no beneficial effect to either lung function or lung inflammation. This was thought to be a result of intratracheally delivered IL-10 leaking out into the perfusate where it may not be biologically active. Constant IL-10 production within the lung tissue could be achieved using a gene therapy approach. Thus, we subsequently explored the delivery of IL-10 by adenoviral gene therapy during EVLP. Ex vivo administered intratracheal adenoviral gene therapy could increase transgene protein levels within the lung. More importantly, it did so with less vector-associated inflammation when compared to in vivo delivery of adenoviral gene therapy. Having explored drug delivery, we sought to develop a large animal injury model on which to test ex vivo therapies. Given that the majority of organ donors are brain dead and therefore exposed to the injurious sequelae resulting from brain death, we developed a brain-death injury model in pig. Use of EVLP as a platform for repair necessitates an accurate recognition of both lung injury and lung improvement during EVLP. Thus, we utilized this injury model to explore the profile of physiological parameters when an injured lung is perfused during EVLP. Because of the alteration of the PO2 to oxygen content relationship of an acellular perfusate, we found that PaO2 changes are less dramatic than in the in vivo situation. However, as injured lungs begin to become edematous, the mechanical effects on the lung by the increased water content can be measured by corresponding falls in compliance and increases in airway pressure. Overall, use of EVLP demonstrates promise for reducing the organ shortage currently prevalent in clinical lung transplantation. Improved evaluation will instill confidence in transplant clinicians to transplant previously questionable organs. Lungs which prove to be injured during evaluation can potentially be repaired using IL-10 therapy as explored herein or with other therapies using the delivery methods described.

Across the country more and more states are taking advantage of the economic value of state historic tax credits that can be used in conjunction with federal rehabilitation tax credits to incentivize significant investment in the rehabilitation of buildings. Texas joined thirty-three other states when it passed a state historic tax credit in 2013. The financial incentives of this new piece of legislation are expected to spur the rehabilitation of historic buildings in large cities and small towns across the state. In order to be a successful statewide program the tax credit must be an attractive financial incentive for not only sophisticated investors, but also for small building owners with no previous tax credit or rehabilitation experience. The tax credit creates a new market of buyers and sellers, drawing the attention of local and national real estate developers and investors. The ability to combine state and federal historic tax credits changes the bottom line in real estate pro formas, leveraging historic buildings as assets. The availability of the tax credit for small preservation projects may have the greatest impact on historic preservation efforts across the states as smaller towns begin to see new investment in downtown commercial districts. This report explains how the tax credit was created, analyzes the strength of the policy, and makes recommendations for its implementation and use. This work addresses a series of important questions. Will the Texas Historic Preservation Tax Credit be an effective economic driver as compared to other state historic tax credits? What are the strengths and weaknesses of the Texas tax credit? This report analyzes the new Texas program and gages its potential to incentivize the rehabilitation of historic properties in a range of sizes and locales. / text