The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects of high hydrostatic pressure on the stability of blood constituents for the purpose of an effective reduction of viral and bacterial count. The effect of HHP treatment on the several blood constituents were analyzed at different HHP levels at 25 0C for 5 minutes. The bovine blood as the model material was separated into two major parts / namely, serum and blood cells by centrifugation. Erythrocytes were found to be mostly stable up to 220 MPa pressure treatment displaying only surface modifications, but the cells lose their morphology at 350 MPa. White Blood Cells and platelets were found to be more sensitive, being degraded at around 110 MPa pressures putting an upper limit for the HHP treatment for the whole blood. But serum components and parameters studied showed much higher stability up to 220 MPa pressure level. The HHP treated blood cells were analyzed by FTIR spectroscopic technique and found to be stable in the macromolecular level. HHP treated proteins display only minimal changes in their secondary structures shown by the artificial neural network and curve fitting studies. Changes in the lipid bands indicated the changes in the membranes of the blood cells. In the microbiologic part of the study, Listeria innocua was found to be more stable than Bovine Herpes Virus type 1 as the model bacterium and virus respectively and their inactivation levels were compared with that of blood constituents.