The self-boring pressuremeter which is inserted into the ground without disturbing the surrounding soil has two drawbacks. Skilled operators are needed to insert the probe into the ground without disturbing the soil, and the self-boring process requires a jetting action or a rotating cutter and drilling mud. One method of simplifying the pressuremeter installation procedure is to install the probe in a full displacement manner. A solid tip is placed oh the end of the probe and then the pressuremeter is pushed into the ground in the same manner as a cone penetrometer. This research project was performed to examine the suitability of using the full displacement pressuremeter for determining shear modulus, insitu horizontal stresses, and undrained shear strength. The variables examined were; the type of pressuremeter, whether the pressuremeter was run in a stress or a strain controlled manner, the size of the tip pushed in front of the pressuremeter, and whether time was allowed for the dynamic pore pressures to dissipate. Tests were conducted in sand, silt, and clay. When the shear moduli measured with the full displacement pressuremeter were adjusted to account for the differences in strain level, and mean effective stress they compared very well with the dynamic shear moduli measured with the seismic cone. The attempts to determine the insitu horizontal stress by examining the liftoff pressure were unsuccessful. The undrained shear strengths of clay determined using cavity expansion theory compared very well with undrained shear strengths determined using the field vane. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Civil Engineering, Department of / Graduate

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1964.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Michigan, 1964.

Gu, Wenbo. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references. / Abstract also in Chinese. / Acknowledgment --- p.i / Abstract --- p.ii / 摘要 --- p.iii / List of Figures --- p.vi / List of Tables --- p.vii / List of Abbreviations --- p.viii / Contents --- p.ix / Chapter 1. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Arterial blood pressure and its importance --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Current methods for non-invasive blood pressure measurement --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.1. --- The auscultatory method (mercury sphygmomanometer) --- p.4 / Chapter 1.2.2. --- The oscillometric method --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2.3. --- The tonometric method --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.4. --- The volume-clamp method --- p.7 / Chapter 1.3. --- Blood pressure estimation based on pulse arrival time --- p.8 / Chapter 1.4. --- Objectives and structures of this thesis --- p.10 / Chapter 2. --- Hemodynamic models: relationship between PAT and BP --- p.14 / Chapter 2.1. --- The generation of arterial pulsation --- p.14 / Chapter 2.2. --- Pulse wave velocity along the arterial wall --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.1. --- Moens-Korteweg equation --- p.15 / Chapter 2.2.2. --- Bergel wave velocity --- p.18 / Chapter 2.3. --- Relationship between PWV and BP --- p.19 / Chapter 2.3.1. --- Bramwell-Hill´ةs model --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3.2. --- Volume-pressure relationship --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3.3. --- Hughes' model --- p.22 / Chapter 2.4. --- The theoretical expression of PAT-BP relationship --- p.23 / Chapter 3. --- Estimation and calibration of arterial BP based on PAT --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1. --- PAT measurement --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1.1. --- Principle of ECG measurement --- p.25 / Chapter 3.1.2. --- Principle of PPG measurement --- p.26 / Chapter 3.1.3. --- Calculation of PAT --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2. --- Calibration methods for PAT-BP estimation --- p.29 / Chapter 3.2.1. --- Calibration based on cuff BP readings --- p.30 / Chapter 3.2.2. --- Calibration by hydrostatic pressure changes --- p.31 / Chapter 3.2.3. --- Calibration by multiple regression --- p.33 / Chapter 3.3. --- Model-based calibration with PPG waveform parameters --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3.1. --- Model-based equation with parameters from PPG waveform --- p.34 / Chapter 3.3.2. --- Selection of parameters from PPG waveform --- p.36 / Chapter 4. --- Cuffless calibration approach using PPG waveform parameter for PAT-BP estimation --- p.43 / Chapter 4.1. --- Introduction --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2. --- Experiment I: young group in sitting position including rest and after exercise states --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2.1. --- Experiment protocol --- p.43 / Chapter 4.2.2. --- Data Analysis --- p.44 / Chapter 4.2.3. --- Experiment results --- p.46 / Chapter 4.3. --- Experiment II: over-month observation using wearable device in sitting position --- p.48 / Chapter 4.3.1. --- Body sensor network for blood pressure estimation --- p.49 / Chapter 4.3.2. --- Experiment protocol and data collection --- p.50 / Chapter 4.3.3. --- Experiment results --- p.50 / Chapter 4.4. --- Experiment III: contactless monitoring in supine position --- p.51 / Chapter 4.4.1. --- The design of the contactless system --- p.52 / Chapter 4.4.2. --- Experiment protocol and data collection --- p.53 / Chapter 4.4.3. --- Experiment results --- p.53 / Chapter 4.5. --- Discussion --- p.55 / Chapter 4.5.1. --- Discussion of Experiments I and II --- p.55 / Chapter 4.5.2. --- Discussion of Experiments II and III --- p.57 / Chapter 4.5.3. --- Conclusion --- p.58 / Chapter 5. --- Cuff-based calibration approach for BP estimation in supine position --- p.61 / Chapter 5.1. --- Introduction --- p.61 / Chapter 5.2. --- Experiment protocol --- p.61 / Chapter 5.2.1. --- Experiment IV: exercise experiment in supine position in lab --- p.61 / Chapter 5.2.2. --- Experiment V: exercise experiment in supine position in PWH --- p.63 / Chapter 5.3. --- Data analysis --- p.65 / Chapter 5.3.1. --- Partition of signal trials and selection of datasets --- p.65 / Chapter 5.3.2. --- PPG waveform processing --- p.66 / Chapter 5.4. --- Experiment results --- p.68 / Chapter 5.4.1. --- Range and variation of reference SBP --- p.68 / Chapter 5.4.2. --- PAT-BP individual best regression --- p.69 / Chapter 5.4.3. --- Multiple regression using ZX and arm length --- p.72 / Chapter 5.4.4. --- One-cuff calibration improved by PPG waveform parameter --- p.72 / Chapter 5.5. --- Discussion --- p.74 / Chapter 6. --- Conclusion --- p.76

Yan, Renfei. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 69-77). / Abstract also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.I / ACKNOWLEDGEMENT --- p.V / LIST OF FIGURES --- p.VI / LIST OF TABLES --- p.VIII / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.IX / Chapter CHAPTER 1. --- INTRODUCTION TO BLOOD PRESSURE MEASURING DEVICES AND EVALUATION STANDARDS --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1. --- Current situation on hypertension --- p.1 / Chapter A. --- Prevalence of hypertension --- p.1 / Chapter B. --- Low awareness of hypertension --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2. --- Calls for better management of hypertension --- p.2 / Chapter 1.3. --- Blood pressure measuring devices --- p.3 / Chapter A. --- Conventional devices and their limitations --- p.3 / Chapter B. --- Wearable cuff-less devices --- p.4 / Chapter 1.4. --- Evaluation of the wearable cuff-less devices --- p.6 / Chapter 1.5. --- Objectives of the thesis --- p.7 / Chapter 1.6. --- Structure of the thesis --- p.7 / Chapter CHAPTER 2. --- REVIEW ON CURRENT STANDARDS --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1. --- Introduction to current standards --- p.8 / Chapter A. --- AAMI standard --- p.8 / Chapter B. --- BHS protocol --- p.8 / Chapter C. --- ESH protocol --- p.9 / Chapter 2.2. --- Comparison of current standards --- p.9 / Chapter A. --- Evaluation scope --- p.9 / Chapter B. --- Validation protocol --- p.10 / Chapter C. --- Accuracy criteria --- p.10 / Chapter D. --- Testing reference --- p.13 / Chapter E. --- Recruitment of subjects --- p.13 / Chapter F. --- Ambulatory monitors --- p.14 / Chapter G. --- Special groups of population --- p.15 / Chapter H. --- Statistical considerations --- p.16 / Chapter 2.3. --- Major challenges for the evaluation of cuff-less devices --- p.17 / Chapter A. --- Lack of experimental data --- p.19 / Chapter B. --- Re-examination of the statistical considerations --- p.19 / Chapter C. --- Feature oriented design of the validation protocol --- p.19 / Chapter D. --- Selection of testing reference --- p.79 / Chapter CHAPTER 3. --- ERROR DISTRIBUTION MODEL --- p.21 / Chapter 3.1. --- Distribution assumption in current standards --- p.21 / Chapter 3.2. --- Distribution analysis from published reports --- p.22 / Chapter A. --- Methodology --- p.22 / Chapter B. --- Data analysis --- p.23 / Chapter C. --- Results --- p.23 / Chapter 3.3. --- Distribution analysis on a cuff-less device --- p.29 / Chapter A. --- Experiment --- p.29 / Chapter B. --- Data analysis --- p.31 / Chapter C. --- Results --- p.31 / Chapter 3.4. --- Discussion --- p.33 / Chapter A. --- Supporting evidence for t4 distribution --- p.33 / Chapter B. --- Implications for the application of t4 distribution --- p.34 / Chapter 3.5. --- Section Summary --- p.35 / Chapter CHAPTER 4. --- EVALUATION SCALE TO ASSESS THE ACCURACY --- p.36 / Chapter 4.1. --- Considerations for parameter selection --- p.37 / Chapter A. --- Outlying errors and system bias --- p.37 / Chapter B. --- Accuracy at different levels of blood pressure --- p.37 / Chapter 4.2. --- Description of selected parameters --- p.38 / Chapter 4.3. --- Theoretical relationship between “new´ح and “old´ح parameters --- p.38 / Chapter A. --- Mathematical relationship --- p.39 / Chapter B. --- Mapping relationship --- p.40 / Chapter 4.4. --- Assessment of accuracy at increasing blood pressure levels --- p.41 / Chapter A. --- Data transformation --- p.41 / Chapter B. --- Experimental study --- p.41 / Chapter 4.5. --- Discussion and application --- p.43 / Chapter A. --- Parameter selection --- p.43 / Chapter B. --- Sample size --- p.45 / Chapter C. --- Accuracy criteria --- p.46 / Chapter 4.6. --- Section summary --- p.47 / Chapter CHAPTER 5. --- FEATURE ORIENTED PROTOCOL DESIGN --- p.48 / Chapter 5.1. --- Rationale of accuracy assessment with BP change --- p.48 / Chapter 5.2. --- Experiment one --- p.49 / Chapter 5.3. --- Experiment two --- p.49 / Chapter 5.4. --- Data analysis --- p.49 / Chapter 5.5. --- Results --- p.50 / Chapter A. --- Experiment one --- p.50 / Chapter B. --- Experiment two --- p.52 / Chapter 5.6. --- Discussion --- p.58 / Chapter A. --- Difference between cuff-less and cuff-based devices --- p.58 / Chapter B. --- Correlation between accuracy and blood pressure changes --- p.58 / Chapter C. --- Inducement of blood pressure change --- p.59 / Chapter D. --- Other factors affect the accuracy --- p.60 / Chapter 5.7. --- Section summary --- p.61 / Chapter CHAPTER 6. --- PROPOSAL FOR THE EVALUATION OF WEARABLE CUFF-LESS DEVICES --- p.62 / Chapter 6.1. --- Scope --- p.62 / Chapter 6.2. --- Purpose --- p.62 / Chapter 6.3. --- Subject selection --- p.63 / Chapter 6.4. --- Main validation --- p.64 / Chapter A. --- Static test --- p.64 / Chapter B. --- Test with blood pressure change --- p.65 / Chapter C. --- Test after a certain period of time --- p.65 / Chapter 6.5. --- Data analysis and reporting --- p.66 / Chapter A. --- Statistical report --- p.66 / Chapter B. --- Graphical representation --- p.67 / Chapter 6.6. --- Conclusion and future work --- p.67 / REFERENCES --- p.69 / LIST OF PUBLICATIONS AND AWARDS --- p.78

No description available.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Akron, Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, 2006. / "May, 2006." Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed 01/16/2008) Advisor, Dale Mugler; Co-Advisor, Bruce Taylor; Committee member, Daniel Sheffer; Department Chair, Daniel Sheffer; Dean of the College, George K. Haritos; Dean of the Graduate School, George R. Newkome. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Blood pressure is vital sign information that physicians often need as preliminary data for immediate intervention during emergency situations or for regular monitoring of people with cardiovascular diseases. Despite the availability of portable blood pressure meters in the market, they are not regularly carried by people, creating a need for an ultra-portable measurement platform or device that can be easily carried and used at all times. One such device is the smartphone which, according to comScore survey is used by 26.2% of the US adult population. the mass production of these phones with built-in sensors and high computation power has created numerous possibilities for application development in different domains including biomedical. Motivated by this capability and their extensive usage, this thesis focuses on developing a blood pressure measurement platform on smartphones. Specifically, I developed a blood pressure measurement system on a smart phone using the built-in camera and a customized external microphone. the system consists of first obtaining heart beats using the microphone and finger pulse with the camera, and finally calculating the blood pressure using the recorded data. I developed techniques for finding the best location for obtaining the data, making the system usable by all categories of people. the proposed system resulted in accuracies between 90-100%, when compared to traditional blood pressure meters. the second part of this thesis presents a new system for remote heart beat monitoring using the smart phone. with the proposed system, heart beats can be transferred live by patients and monitored by physicians remotely for diagnosis. the proposed blood pressure measurement and remote monitoring systems will be able to facilitate information acquisition and decision making by the 9-1-1 operators.