Esta pesquisa teve como principal objetivo analisar o comportamento de lajes alveolares protendidas de uso corrente no Brasil (pequenas espessuras e alta protensão) quanto ao cisalhamento em região fissurada por ação do momento fletor, para diferentes situações: sem e com capa e com preenchimento parcial de alvéolos. Foi desenvolvido um estudo teórico com o emprego de equacionamentos analíticos disponíveis na literatura técnica, envolvendo as recomendações da norma brasileira NBR 6118:2003 (Projeto de Estruturas de Concreto), do ACI-318:2008 (Building code requirements for structural concrete) e da EN 1992-1-1 (2004) (Eurocode 2- Projeto de estruturas de betão Parte 1-1: Regras gerais e regras para edifícios). Foram feitas comparações com resultados experimentais obtidos a partir de inúmeros ensaios de lajes alveolares protendidas. As unidades ensaiadas nesta pesquisa foram disponibilizadas por quatro empresas brasileiras de intensa atividade no mercado, sendo analisadas as capacidades resistentes de diferentes tipos. Assim, foram realizados 96 ensaios, 31 para a determinação da capacidade resistente à flexão e 65, ao cisalhamento, sendo selecionados modelos de lajes com grande emprego no mercado brasileiro. A partir desses ensaios, foi possível entender melhor o comportamento das lajes alveolares protendidas produzidas no Brasil. Com as diversas análises, considerando os ensaios experimentais e um vasto estudo teórico quanto ao dimensionamento dessas lajes, verificou-se a adequabilidade de equações de diferentes normas. Assim, foi possível identificar o equacionamento que melhor representa o comportamento das peças produzidas no Brasil, considerando inclusive peculiaridades de comportamento, que apresentam diferenças constratantes com relação a unidades produzidas em outros países. A partir desses estudos, produziu-se um amplo memorial de cálculo, considerando as diversas tipologias de lajes estudadas, com o objetivo de contribuir de modo didático com os engenheiros de estrururas. Logo, com esta pesquisa, foi possível não somente melhorar o entendimento do comportamento de tais lajes alveolares, como também fornecer subsídios para a avaliação desses elementos, considerando as características específicas das lajes produzidas no Brasil e, assim, contribuir para a padronização do dimensionamento junto à norma brasileira NBR 14861 (Laje pré-fabricada - Painel alveolar de concreto protendido). / This work had as major objective to analyze the behavior of Brazilian prestressed hollow core slabs - small thickness and high level of prestressing - considering shear in a cracked region due to bending moment, for different design situations: without concrete topping, with concrete topping and with filling the voids. A theoretical study was developed with the use of analytical equations available in the technical literature, involving the recommendations of the Brazilian code NBR 6118:2003 (Design of concrete structures), ACI-318: 2008 (Building code requirements for structural concrete) and EN 1992-1-1 (2004) (Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings), comparing experimental results from many prestressed hollow core slabs tests. The slabs tested in this study were provided by four different Brazilian companies with intense activity in the market, and the resistant capacity of different typologies was analyzed. Thus 96 tests were made, 31 to determine the bending capacity and 64 for the determination of shear strength, and were selected slab models from the Brazilian market that are highly employed. From these tests, it was possible a better understanding of the prestressed hollow core slabs behavior produced in Brazil. With several analysis considering the experimental tests and an ample theoretical study about the design of these slabs, the adequacy of different codes equations were verified. Thus, it was possible to identify the equations that best represent the behavior of elements produced in Brazil, also considering the behaviour peculiarities of these slabs that have contrasting differences, if compared with units produced in other countries. From these studies it was produced a large design manual, considering the various types of studied slabs, aiming to contribute in a didactic way to the structural engineers. So, with this research, it was possible not only to improve comprehension of the behavior of such prestressed hollow core slabs, as well as provide information for evaluation of these elements, considering the specific characteristics of the slabs fabricated in Brazil and thus to contribute with the standardization of the design in the Brazilian code NBR 14861 (Prefabricated slab - Prestressed concrete hollow core panel).

Esta pesquisa teve como principal objetivo analisar o comportamento de lajes alveolares protendidas de uso corrente no Brasil (pequenas espessuras e alta protensão) quanto ao cisalhamento em região fissurada por ação do momento fletor, para diferentes situações: sem e com capa e com preenchimento parcial de alvéolos. Foi desenvolvido um estudo teórico com o emprego de equacionamentos analíticos disponíveis na literatura técnica, envolvendo as recomendações da norma brasileira NBR 6118:2003 (Projeto de Estruturas de Concreto), do ACI-318:2008 (Building code requirements for structural concrete) e da EN 1992-1-1 (2004) (Eurocode 2- Projeto de estruturas de betão Parte 1-1: Regras gerais e regras para edifícios). Foram feitas comparações com resultados experimentais obtidos a partir de inúmeros ensaios de lajes alveolares protendidas. As unidades ensaiadas nesta pesquisa foram disponibilizadas por quatro empresas brasileiras de intensa atividade no mercado, sendo analisadas as capacidades resistentes de diferentes tipos. Assim, foram realizados 96 ensaios, 31 para a determinação da capacidade resistente à flexão e 65, ao cisalhamento, sendo selecionados modelos de lajes com grande emprego no mercado brasileiro. A partir desses ensaios, foi possível entender melhor o comportamento das lajes alveolares protendidas produzidas no Brasil. Com as diversas análises, considerando os ensaios experimentais e um vasto estudo teórico quanto ao dimensionamento dessas lajes, verificou-se a adequabilidade de equações de diferentes normas. Assim, foi possível identificar o equacionamento que melhor representa o comportamento das peças produzidas no Brasil, considerando inclusive peculiaridades de comportamento, que apresentam diferenças constratantes com relação a unidades produzidas em outros países. A partir desses estudos, produziu-se um amplo memorial de cálculo, considerando as diversas tipologias de lajes estudadas, com o objetivo de contribuir de modo didático com os engenheiros de estrururas. Logo, com esta pesquisa, foi possível não somente melhorar o entendimento do comportamento de tais lajes alveolares, como também fornecer subsídios para a avaliação desses elementos, considerando as características específicas das lajes produzidas no Brasil e, assim, contribuir para a padronização do dimensionamento junto à norma brasileira NBR 14861 (Laje pré-fabricada - Painel alveolar de concreto protendido). / This work had as major objective to analyze the behavior of Brazilian prestressed hollow core slabs - small thickness and high level of prestressing - considering shear in a cracked region due to bending moment, for different design situations: without concrete topping, with concrete topping and with filling the voids. A theoretical study was developed with the use of analytical equations available in the technical literature, involving the recommendations of the Brazilian code NBR 6118:2003 (Design of concrete structures), ACI-318: 2008 (Building code requirements for structural concrete) and EN 1992-1-1 (2004) (Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures - Part 1-1: General rules and rules for buildings), comparing experimental results from many prestressed hollow core slabs tests. The slabs tested in this study were provided by four different Brazilian companies with intense activity in the market, and the resistant capacity of different typologies was analyzed. Thus 96 tests were made, 31 to determine the bending capacity and 64 for the determination of shear strength, and were selected slab models from the Brazilian market that are highly employed. From these tests, it was possible a better understanding of the prestressed hollow core slabs behavior produced in Brazil. With several analysis considering the experimental tests and an ample theoretical study about the design of these slabs, the adequacy of different codes equations were verified. Thus, it was possible to identify the equations that best represent the behavior of elements produced in Brazil, also considering the behaviour peculiarities of these slabs that have contrasting differences, if compared with units produced in other countries. From these studies it was produced a large design manual, considering the various types of studied slabs, aiming to contribute in a didactic way to the structural engineers. So, with this research, it was possible not only to improve comprehension of the behavior of such prestressed hollow core slabs, as well as provide information for evaluation of these elements, considering the specific characteristics of the slabs fabricated in Brazil and thus to contribute with the standardization of the design in the Brazilian code NBR 14861 (Prefabricated slab - Prestressed concrete hollow core panel).

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:09:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6087.pdf: 6209007 bytes, checksum: c523b57cc22447f5b1855a8ede7512b2 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-25 / In this work flexure shear and tension shear are studied. It is presented a literature review with emphasis on the major normative recommendations about the shear strength in elements without shear reinforcement. Concerning flexure shear capacity considerations are made about the tensile strength of high strength concrete by analysis of 39 experiments. This samples were collected in the literature and are presented herein. Furthermore, it is proposed to consider the variable influence of prestressing on the shear strength. With respect to tension shear, it is proposed the coefficient b, which seeks to improve the traditional models considering indirectly the influence of shear stresses in transmission length. 49 international experiments are analyzed to validate this coefficient and it is concluded that the modified models show significant improvements. Yet developed an experimental program were tested 15 hollow core slabs varying the distance between the edge of the slab and its nearest support. All failures were by tension shear. The transmission length established by NBR14861 was considered adequate for the tested slabs by correlation with tension shear test results. / Os mecanismos condicionantes à ruptura por força cortante em lajes alveolares são estudados: flexo-cortante e tração diagonal. Apresenta-se a revisão bibliográfica com ênfase nas recomendações dos principais códigos normativos acerca da resistência à força cortante em elementos sem armadura transversal. Quanto à flexo-cortante, considerações são feitas sobre a resistência à tração de concretos de alta resistência pela análise de 39 experimentos coletados na literatura e apresentados neste trabalho. Além disso, propõe-se a consideração da influência variável da protensão na resistência a força cortante. No tocante a tração diagonal, propõe-se o coeficiente b, que busca melhorar os modelos de cálculo tradicionais considerando de forma indireta a influência dos esforços cisalhantes devido à introdução da protensão na laje alveolar. São analisados 49 experimentos internacionais para a validação deste coeficiente e conclui-se que os modelos de cálculo modificados por este coeficiente apresentam melhoras significativas. Desenvolveu-se ainda um programa experimental em que foram ensaiadas 15 lajes alveolares variando a distância entre a extremidade da laje e seu apoio mais próximo. Todas as rupturas foram pelo mecanismo de tração diagonal. O comprimento de transferência de protensão estabelecido pela NBR14861 foi considerado adequado para as lajes ensaiadas pela correlação com os resultados dos ensaios de ruptura por força cortante.

The subject of this diploma thesis is the building design and project documentation of a new kindergarten in Brno. It is a new detached building structure with two floors, designed on a flat plot no. 1510/1 in cadastre unit Brno – Komín. The building is constructed of clay masonry with contact thermal insulation, supported by strip foundations. Ceiling construction is made of prestressed hollow-core slabs. This object is roofed by a single-layer and double-layered, flat roof. This kindergarten is designed for 60 children divided into three sections. Two sections are located on the 1st floor together with food preparation and technical rooms. The third section is on the 2nd floor with headquarters and a common room. This project was developed using AutoCAD software. The focus during development was on the proposed layout design in accordance with the kindergarten’s operations.

The subject of this diploma thesis is design and project documentation of a kindergarten in Velké Pavlovice. It is a separately standing structure with two floors and partial basement located in slightly sloping terrain. The building is constructed of sand-lime blocks with contact thermal insulation, supported by strip foundations. Ceiling construction is made of prestressed hollow-core slabs. This object is roofed by a simple, flat, extensive roof. This kindergarten is designed for 40 children divided into two sections which are located right in the 1st floor together with food delivery. The technical room is in the basement. The common room, multipurpose classroom and headquarters are situated on the 2nd floor. Disposition is proposed in accordance with operation of kindergarten.

The subjekt of this diploma thesis is design and project documentation of a kindergarten in city Jihlava. New building is situated in the western part of the city HorníKosov. The kindergarten is designed for preschool education 48 children from 3 to 7 years. The building is without cellar. The building has two floors. In the 1st floor there are two separate classes with sanitary facilities and facilities for teachers. Two separate classes have a common dining room with kachen facilities and sanitary facilities for her employees. In the second floor there is lenguage class for 12 children, storage, directors office, office of speech therapy and sanitary facilities. The object is base on concrete foundation strips. The vertical load-bearing constructions are made of ceramics bricks. The walls are insulated with combination of contact thermal insulation system and ventilated facade with facade cladding of cement-bonded particle board. Ceiling construction is made of prestressed hollow-core slabs. Roof construction over single-storey parts of the building is designed as a vegetation flat roof. Roof construction over the two-storey part of the building is designed as a warm flat roof. Next to the object is situated parking slots for cars. Altogether is designed 13 places, which 1 is designed for disabled people.

The diploma thesis elaborates the project documentation for the construction of a new apartment of central fire station type C1 with the administrative part of the Territorial Department. The fire station is technologically linked to the second building SO.02 the technical and technological background of the fire station. The building is situated on the eastern edge of Svitavy. The building is non-cellular, it has three floors and a flat green roof. Three floors fulfilling matter with mainly administrative function is connected with two floors blocks fire station with an indoor gym. Above the floor containing garages for emergency vehicles facilities for the emergency unit are placed with a curtain that creates fading of the emergency door. The matter of the gym is optically separated from the station and highlighted with a volume narrow neck and height elevation. In the station there are training places and places for general physical preparation. The buildings are located in a sloping terrain. The ground fire station has a heliport. The establishment supporting columns of the building are for made of prefabricated calyx, and are concreted into monolithic foundation pads. Infill wall vertical bearing and non-bearing structures are designed from clay blocks type THERM. The bearing system is reinforced concrete prefabricated frame. Horizontally bearing structures are designed from prestressed hollow core slabs. The building envelope is made of a curtain wall in dark grey and red combined with a light contact thermal insulation system used on the indoor gym. The envelopes are in the administrative part and the part of the station divided by a glazed area. In the workshops and technology room the envelope is divided by lamellae. Usually there are 13 firemen during one shift, in three shifts there work 39 firemen all together. There are supposed to be 17 employees in the administrative department.

The object of this master’s thesis is a newly-built mixed-use building in the town of Uherské Hradiště. It includes parking and office spaces, retail shops, and a coffee shop. The building is situated in a mildly sloping terrain near the town centre. It is a three-storey detached building with partial basement. The floor plan was created by joining several different-sized rectangles together. The mixed-use building is based on foundation pads and slabs. It is roofed with a warm flat roof and, above the first floor, with a green roof. The building consists of a cast-in-place reinforced concrete frame with columns and beams. The floor structure is composed of prestressed hollow core slabs. The external wall of the above-ground floors is made of hollow clay blocks and the basement external wall is made of permanent formwork. The wall of the lift shaft is built from reinforced concrete and the staircase is composed of precast reinforced concrete slabs. The external walls are insulated with contact thermal insulation system and in some parts there is timber cladding – ventilated façade with thermal insulation from glass wool. The thermal insulation of the basement and of the plinth is made of extruded polystyrene. The object is divided into several functional zones. On the ground floor there is a coffee shop, a copy shop, a stationery shop, and a bakery. On the first and second floors there are office spaces. In the basement there are technical facilities only. The main entrance of the object is from the northwest part of the plot. There the entrance to the car park is also located, situated to the northwest and southwest side of the plot. Bicycle stands and a place for recycling is also located there. Around the object there is a pavement from which there is wheelchair access to all of the functional zones.