The objective of this research was to investigate how non-metallic inclusions (inclusions) are physically and chemically transformed, removed and controlled from electrodes to the final ESR-product. Several 1020, 4340 and rotor (Ni-Mo-V) steel electrodes were refined by two ESR-units (7.5 mm and 200 mm in mould diameter) under different slag systems. Refining of these electrodes was done under different deoxidation practices, namely pure Al, CaSi, CaSiAlBa and AISi alloys. Through this research it was found that inclusions in the electrode are physically and chemically transformed in the electrode tip by the thermal gradients. Inclusions are chemically altered by the presence of liquid slag at the liquid film and they are entirely dissolved in the matrix when the droplet is completely formed. No ingot inclusions were identifiable as of electrode origin and it is concluded that all electrode inclusions are either dissolved or removed by the slag. The effects of the slag with and without deoxidizers on the chemical composition of the liquid pool and ingot were traced during refining and hence the chemistry of inclusions was determined by extracting slag and liquid metal samples during refining. The total oxygen content was measured by the vacuum fusion technique, chemical analyses of slag by spectrophotometric techniques, electron microanalysis by SEM and EPMA and x-ray (crystallographic) analysis. The assays were used to formulate and corroborate the deoxidation and precipitation mechanisms. The chemical composition of inclusions in refined ingots are more strongly influenced by the deoxidation practice than by the electrode or the slag composition in low Si0₂ content slags. The precipitation of complex Al-Ca-Si inclusions is predictable in high silica slags (>10.0 wt%) and the most appropriate slag system to perform an efficient deoxidation is the 50 wt% CaF2, 30 wt% Al₂0₃ and 20 wt% CaO. [Figure 1] The deoxidation in ESR ingots takes place by the process of cooperative reactions between slag and deoxidizers in the following sequences: [Figure 2] An excessive deoxidation with Ca raises the Al content in the ingot according to: [Figure 3] Radial inclusion size distribution as well as dendrite arm spacings in samples extracted from liquid pool and ingots were determined. It was found that the inclusion size obeys the normal distribution and there is a normal variation of the inclusion size along radial distances. Hence the inclusion composition and size is a function of local solidification conditions and also of the local thermochemical conditions. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Materials Engineering, Department of / Graduate

This study used mediation analysis to evaluate Beck’s model and Abramson’s model in a sample of 198 girls, in the 4th through 7th grades. Data from diagnostic interviews were used to create a continuous measure of depressive symptoms. Self-report measures, including the Life Events Checklist, the Cognitive Triad Inventory for Children, and the Children’s Cognitive Style Questionnaire, were used to assess perceptions of negative life events, Beck’s cognitive triad, and Abramson’s cognitive inferential style, respectively. Results of separate mediation analyses supported both Beck’s and Abramson’s cognitive theories of depression in children. There was a significant indirect effect of life events through Beck’s cognitive triad on symptoms of depression. Similarly, there was a significant indirect effect of life events through Abramson’s negative cognitive inferential style on depressive symptoms. Higher depressive symptoms were associated with a more depressotypic cognitive triad, a more depressotypic cognitive inferential style, and a greater number and greater magnitude of negative life events. Developmentally-sensitive analyses using the weakest link approach and moderated mediation (conditional process) analysis found support for both Beck’s and Abramson’s models. However, there was also some support for the developmental hypothesis that in younger children negative life events can have a direct effect on symptoms of depression; for the 4th graders in this study, direct effects and indirect effects were significant. However, for the 5th, 6th, and 7th graders indirect effects were significant, but direct effects ceased to be significant. Implications and suggestions for future research are provided. / text

Facing the crush of the liberalization and globalization, the companies try their best to improve the ability of competitiveness. For saving cost and focusing on their development, the enterprises divide their business into two parts: the core and the non-core. The establishments assign others companies to conduct the non-core business such as information outsourcing, equipment-maintaining outsourcing, catering outsourcing, security outsourcing and so on. There may be many outsourcing cases in a large commercial enterprise. In order to enhance the efficiency and efficacy, reduce executing time and ensure the quality, the individual system is established. Although the individual system can administer the various kinds of outsourcing cases, it gains extra processing-time and reduplicate working-processes. Based on the specialties, the outsourcings are divided into three kinds: project, long-term contract, the combined of project and long-term contract. The outsourcing process and problems are examined by interviewing the employers and employees. According to the analyses, the operation procedures of outsourcing platform, the manuals of operating system, and the simulation with Arena are designed. Due to the results of simulation, the platform can solve the outsourcing problems and increase the efficiency. Therefore, the template can be established.

The thesis deals with process analysis (case study - streamlining the processing of credit). The thesis highlights the procedural problems encountered in a particular IT company in processing credit. The theme of the thesis implies the practical orientation of the work, even though the work is divided into two parts. The first and shorter part is a theoretical basis for the practical part. Author finds a possible solution to process problems in modeling of the credit processing's subprocesses and identifying and analyzing problems using the selected methodology PDCA. This methodology is selected on the basis of multi-criteria evaluation. The result of this work is the proposal of measures to identify procedural problems, which is a basis for streamlining the analysed process and its subprocesses. The thesis will be the basis for the introduction of procedural changes in processing credit. The PCDA methology is not complete just with analysis and identification of the problems, so the company will continue in collaboration with the author of the thesis to establish and monitor the proposed changes. Information for the thesis are drawn from business, internet and literary sources, but also from available scientific articles.

The goal of this work is to analyze processes in the market of advertisement. Then I will make some advices for analyzed companies and for potential new firms in this market of advertisement. If I want to analyze all this market then I had to use two companies one which name I can't write and Centrum Reklamy s r.o.. In the first theoretical part of this work I will describe: what the process directing is, then and how that emerged, what is process and how can be divided. In the second practical part o this work I will analyze processes and objects in the first unnamed company and later in Centrum Reklamy. In next part I will make some advices for both firms and at the end I will make some general advices for potential new firms.

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This graduatio theses analyzes project control by production tools in the department of tools production in Škoda Auto a.s. There are described activities leading to customer satisfaction. The goal of this thesis was analysis and suggestion of progressive proposals. For getting views from workers was used questionnaire searching. It helped to analyze the process and make suggestion.

No / Coalescence enhancement of water droplets in oil emulsions is commonly contemplated for the separation of an aqueous phase dispersed in a dielectric oil phase with a considerably lower dielectric constant than that of the dispersed phase. The characteristics and geometry of the electrode system have a large impact on the performance of an electrostatic coalescer and are actually strictly linked to the type of the applied electric field and the emulsion used. Furthermore, addition of chemicals and heating has also been revealed to further enhance the electrocoalescence of water droplets. In this work, the coalescence of two water drops sinking in a dielectric oil phase at an applied high voltage, pulsed dc electric field, in particular with regards to the effects of pressure and temperature on coalescence performance is investigated. The developed model should help to recognise and prove approaches to electrocoalescence mechanisms, the dispersion flow direction with respect to the applied electric field, as well as the electric field configuration.