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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Effects of dietary energy level and intake of corn by-product based diets on newly received growing cattle

Spore, Tyler J. January 1900 (has links)
Master of Science / Department of Animal Sciences and Industry / Dale A. Blasi / Four pen studies and one digestibility trial were conducted to evaluate the effects of energy level and intake of corn by-product based diets on newly received growing cattle. In Exp.1 there were four diets where one was offered for ad libitum intake and formulated to supply 0.99 Mcal NEg/kg DM (0.99/100) and the other three treatments were fed at 95, 90, and 85% of the ad libitum treatment and to supply 1.10 (1.10/95), 1.21 (1.21/90), and 1.32 Mcal NEg/kg DM (1.32/85), respectively. ADG was unaffected by treatment (P = 0.32). However, G:F increased linearly with increasing energy and decreasing intake level (P < 0.01). In Exp. 2, a digestibility trial was conducted to study diets from Exp. 1. Ruminal propionate linearly increased with increasing dietary energy and decreasing intake (P < 0.01). Total tract DM digestibility increased linearly with increasing energy and decreasing intake (P < 0.01), whereas passage rate decreased (P < 0.01). Experiment 3 validated results from Exp. 1 feeding the 1.10/95 treatment at 2.40% of BW daily and the 1.32/85 treatment at 2.2% of BW daily and studied a DNA-immunostimulant (Zelnate, Bayer Animal Health, Shawnee Mission, KS). Zelnate had no effect on parameters measured. ADG was not different between energy treatments (P = 0.75), but efficiency was greater for the 1.32/85 treatment (P = 0.03). Experiment 4 was designed to observe effects of the 1.32 Mcal NEg/kg DM diet fed at four intake levels of 1.9, 2.2, 2.5, and 2.8 % of BW daily. ADG increased linearly with increasing intake (P < 0.01), however G:F was not affected (P = 0.98). In Exp. 5 a factorial design was employed to evaluate the effects of two by-products; wet corn gluten feed and wet distiller’s grains plus solubles, and two levels of corn processing; whole corn or dry-rolled corn. Final ADG and G:F were not affected by by-product, corn processing, or their interaction (P > 0.30). Additionally, animals and diets from Exp. 1 were used to study effects on antibody production, acute phase protein response, stress, and immunocompetency of healthy and morbid cattle. Diet had no effect on the parameters measured (P > 0.10). A quadratic response to time (P < 0.01) was detected for haptoglobin, titers for bovine viral diarrhea type 1 (BVD-1), and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR). Haptoglobin was highest on d 14, and close to baseline levels by d 27. Titer levels for BVD-1 and IBR were higher on d 14, and significantly higher on d 27. Titers for bovine viral diarrhea type 2 (BVD- II) responded linearly (P < 0.05) to time with the highest levels on d 27. Haptoglobin was elevated in morbid animals compared to healthy pen mates (P < 0.05). Titer levels for BVD-I and IBR were higher in healthy animals (P < 0.01). Fecal cortisol was higher on arrival than on d 14 (P < 0.05). In summary, high-energy limit-fed diets based on corn by-products do not affect health and are more efficient than when roughage-based growing diets are fed.

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