Submitted by Nadir Basilio (nadirsb@uninove.br) on 2016-05-12T20:30:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Nádia Lima.pdf: 1541830 bytes, checksum: 9281ed0500aafa84448161028048b5af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-12T20:30:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nádia Lima.pdf: 1541830 bytes, checksum: 9281ed0500aafa84448161028048b5af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-25 / The influence of culture in organizations has been the focus of research and studies since a long time ago, and the reason is that culture shapes decision patterns of a company, guides their actions and directs the individual behavior of all the organization’s professionals. In the project environment, interactions between the project managers and team members may also be affected by variables such as culture and the projects manager's leadership style. Focused in this context, the aim of this study is to assess how the cultural diversity of global project’s members of multinational companies can influence the projects manager’s management skills. Therefore, this study presents issues about project management and management of global project teams and also references about concepts and approaches of culture, highlighting the cultural diversity. This study is a qualitative and descriptive multiple case, that was conducted in multinational companies. The main purposes of this study are collaborate with other research on culture in the project management environment, and contribute to a better understanding on how project managers can deal with the influence of cultural diversity in the management of global projects team.The results of this research demonstrate that the different cultural characteristics (language, values, religion and others) of the members of a global project can influence both negative and positive the management ability of global project managers and that managers of such projects have to deal with a number of challenges that require various personal skills and social relationships, and the adoption of measures to minimize potential problems in this context. Thus, the main contributions of this study are provide a better understanding of how project managers can handle the influence of cultural diversity in the management of global project teams as well as collaborate with future research on culture in the project management environment. / Há muito tempo a influência da cultura nas organizações tem sido o foco de pesquisas e estudos, e a razão disso, é que a cultura molda padrões de tomada de decisão das empresas, guia suas ações e direciona o comportamento individual de todos os profissionais da organização. No ambiente de projetos, as interações entre o gerente de projetos e os membros da equipe também podem ser afetadas por variáveis, como a cultura e o estilo de liderança do gerente de projetos. Focado nesse contexto, o objetivo desse estudo é analisar como a diversidade cultural existente entre os integrantes de projetos globais de empresas multinacionais pode influenciar a habilidade de gestão do gerente de projetos. Para isso, o estudo aborda os temas de gerenciamento de projetos, e gestão de equipes de projetos globais e empresas multinacionais, e ainda apresenta referências sobre conceitos e abordagens de cultura, destacando a diversidade cultural. Trata-se de um estudo de caso múltiplo qualitativo e descritivo, que foi realizado em empresas multinacionais com operação no Brasil. Os resultados obtidos nesta pesquisa demostram que as diferentes características culturais (idioma, valores, religião e etc) dos integrantes de um projeto global podem influenciar de forma tanto negativa quanto positiva a habilidade de gestão dos gerentes de projetos globais e que os gerentes deste tipo de projetos têm de lidar com uma série de desafios que exigem várias habilidades pessoais, sociais e de relacionamento, além da adoção de medidas para minimizar os possíveis problemas existentes neste contexto. Assim, as principais contribuições deste estudo são oferecer um melhor entendimento sobre como gerentes de projetos podem lidar com a influência da diversidade cultural na gestão de equipes de projetos globais e ainda colaborar com pesquisas futuras sobre a cultura no ambiente de gestão de projetos.

在學術領域之中，其過去對於新藥產業的研究大多集中於「新藥發展策略」、「產業環境分析」與「智慧財產權策略」等領域，而探討新藥研發各階段之團隊組成與運作模式的研究仍然極少。 本研究以個案訪談法為主要研究方式，深入探討兩家台灣新藥研發公司（包括基亞生技、台灣微脂體），並以『新藥研發流程』與『技術知識特質』兩個構面來探索其對於『新藥研發專案團隊運作』之影響。 所得到的初步研究發現包括： 1. 新藥研發專案各階段中，技術知識路徑相依程度與技術知識系統複雜程度呈現負相關，當路徑相依程度越高時，系統複雜程度則越低。 2. 新藥研發專案隨著階段的推進，專案團隊的組成與結構也會隨之產生變化，臨床前與臨床試驗皆有不同的團隊組成與結構。 3. 技術知識系統複雜程度會影響新藥研發團隊組成的異質/多元程度：技術知識系統複雜程度越高，其團隊組成的異質/多元程度越高。 4. 技術知識路徑相依程度會影響團隊採取何種團隊運作策略：（1）路徑相依程度愈「高」或是愈「低」，專案團隊會傾向採取「自行發展」的團隊運作模式；（2）路徑相依程度為「中」時，專案團隊會傾向採取先執行「初步研發」活動之後，再與外部廠商進行「合作研發」。 5. 技術知識路徑相依程度會影響新藥研發專案各階段的團隊類型：（1）技術知識路徑相依程度愈低，專案團隊會傾向採用「重量級」、「自主型」的團隊運作模式；（2）技術知識路徑相依程度愈高會傾向採用「功能型」、「輕量級」的團隊運作模式。 6. 技術知識內隱化程度愈高，該專案在團隊運作上愈容易將外部成員視為內部團隊，甚至在團隊組成上直接將外部成員納入內部團隊之中。 7. 在臨床試驗階段，試驗主持人的過往經驗為成功關鍵之一。 8. 新藥研發廠商若擁有先導研發的能力，可以減短研發時程與成本。 / Most of previous the studies on pharmaceutical industry have been focused on the development strategy, environmental analysis and intellectual property. Very few of them emphasize the stage of new drug development concerning the project team management. This study uses technological knowledge characteristics (path dependence, complexity, and explicitness) and drug development process (drug discovery, non-clinical, pre-clinical, and clinical ) to explore the effect upon project team management. The result of this study： 1. In every stage of new drug development, the path dependence and the complexity of technological knowledge have significantly negative correlation. 2. When the new drug development project evolves into the clinical stage, the structure of project team will be different. 3. The complexity of technological knowledge can affect the composition of team members. If the complexity of technological knowledge is higher, the complexity of members is higher. 4. The path dependence of technological knowledge can affect the development strategy. If the path dependence is higher or lower, the team members prefer “inner development”. If the path dependence is medium degree, the team members prefer “primary inner development” and then “cooperative research and development”. 5. The path dependence of technological knowledge can affect the team structure. If the path dependence is higher, the enterprise prefers “Heavyweight team structure” or “Autonomous team structure”. If the path dependence is lower, the enterprise prefers “Lightweight team structure” or “Functional team structure”. 6. If the explicitness of technological knowledge is higher, the enterprise intends to recruit team member from outside. 7. In clinical stage, the practice investigator can be key person of the success. 8. If the enterprise has the ability of “primary inner development”, the time and the cost of the new drug development can be reduced.