The noticeable differences in the theoretical and operative definitions of envy across studies and approaches have produced a fragmentary representation and understanding of the envious emotion. The present dissertation aimed to clarify the inherent nature of the construct of envy through the integration of findings from three independent studies. We focused on malicious envy, and investigated it from both a dispositional and an episodic perspective. Studies 1 and 2 investigated the dimensionality of envy as a stable individual characteristic and an episodic emotional state, respectively. In order to elicit episodic envy, a scenario-based experiment was conducted. Results indicated that, in both its dispositional and episodic facets, envy is a bidimensional construct composed by an inner-directed dimension of inferiority and helplessness, and an outer-directed dimension of feelings of anger and ill will. Moreover, findings from Study 1 allowed to establish boundaries between envy and competing constructs that have often been included in conceptualizations of envy. The psychometrically validated definition of envy provided by Studies 1 and 2 represents a valuable contribution to empirical research. Implications for envy research concern the promotion of a shared operationalization of envy in future studies, which will arguably facilitate the comparison of findings between studies and between approaches. Study 3 examined the mechanisms through which dispositional envy affects individuals’ social adjustment and psychological wellbeing. Findings revealed that the detrimental effects of envy on perceived social support and subjective well-being are mostly mediated by other personal characteristics, such as neuroticism and self-esteem. By reducing global self-esteem, the envious disposition may damage supportive social networks via antisocial direct and indirect behaviors that may arise from envy and that are likely to drive others away. On the other hand, by damaging both emotional stability and self-worth, dispositional envy leads to reduced subjective well-being. Implications for clinical practice are discussed.

<p>PSI-N is one of the subunits in eukaryotic Photosystem I (PSI) and is located on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane. It is known to interact in the electron transport chain between plastocyanin and PSI, but the mechanism behind the interaction is still unclear. To achieve a better understanding of PSI-N´s role in the photosynthesis it is necessary to develop a method for purification of PSI-N. The goal with this project was to design a plasmid that encodes a fusion protein containing PSI-N. With use of proteases the fusion protein can be cleaved into purified PSI-N. The initial material was cDNA, encoding PsaN from Arabidopsis thaliana, this was cloned into a pET32a Xa/LIC vector (from Novagen). The vector was then transformed into a Escherichia coli (E. coli) host. Finally the fusion protein was expressed and successfully isolated. </p><p>PSI-N är en av subenheterna i Photosystem I (PSI) hos eukaryoter och är lokaliserad på lumensidan av thylakoidmembranet. Det är klargjort att PSI-N på något sätt interagerar i elektron-transportkedjan mellan plastocyanin och PSI, men mekanismen bakom interaktionen är fortfarande okänd. För att förstå på vilket sätt PSI-N medverkar i fotosyntesen krävs en metod för att renframställa PSI-N i större mängd. Målet med det här projektet var att konstruera en plasmid som kodar för ett fusionsprotein innehållande PSI-N. Fusionsproteinet kan sedan klyvas av ett proteas, så att man får fram rent PSI-N. En cDNA kodande för PsaN från Arabidopsis thaliana klonades i vektorn pET32a Xa/LIC (från Novagen), och konstruktionen transformerades in i en Escherichia coli (E. coli) värd. Fusionsproteinet uttrycktes samt isolerades slutligen med lyckat resultat.</p>

PSI-N is one of the subunits in eukaryotic Photosystem I (PSI) and is located on the lumenal side of the thylakoid membrane. It is known to interact in the electron transport chain between plastocyanin and PSI, but the mechanism behind the interaction is still unclear. To achieve a better understanding of PSI-N´s role in the photosynthesis it is necessary to develop a method for purification of PSI-N. The goal with this project was to design a plasmid that encodes a fusion protein containing PSI-N. With use of proteases the fusion protein can be cleaved into purified PSI-N. The initial material was cDNA, encoding PsaN from Arabidopsis thaliana, this was cloned into a pET32a Xa/LIC vector (from Novagen). The vector was then transformed into a Escherichia coli (E. coli) host. Finally the fusion protein was expressed and successfully isolated. PSI-N är en av subenheterna i Photosystem I (PSI) hos eukaryoter och är lokaliserad på lumensidan av thylakoidmembranet. Det är klargjort att PSI-N på något sätt interagerar i elektron-transportkedjan mellan plastocyanin och PSI, men mekanismen bakom interaktionen är fortfarande okänd. För att förstå på vilket sätt PSI-N medverkar i fotosyntesen krävs en metod för att renframställa PSI-N i större mängd. Målet med det här projektet var att konstruera en plasmid som kodar för ett fusionsprotein innehållande PSI-N. Fusionsproteinet kan sedan klyvas av ett proteas, så att man får fram rent PSI-N. En cDNA kodande för PsaN från Arabidopsis thaliana klonades i vektorn pET32a Xa/LIC (från Novagen), och konstruktionen transformerades in i en Escherichia coli (E. coli) värd. Fusionsproteinet uttrycktes samt isolerades slutligen med lyckat resultat.

No description available.

Heidelberg, University, Diss., 2002.

The dog has been accompanying men for eons, according to some literary sources the dog is the very first domesticated animal. My study included 152 dogs of 43 breeds. n total we had 408 ejaculates. We evaluated the proces of collection. Each ejaculate was evaluated on content, sperm count and motility of semen and morphological examination of semen.The evaluation of content and quality of ejaculate brought following average results. Time of ejaculation was 413,16 +- 168,66 seconds; the volume of ejaculate was 8,49 +- 6,51 ml; motility of semen 71,2 +- 16,8 %. There was approximately 69,1 +- 15,7 % of morphologically normal semen in the evaluated ejaculates. The results show, that you can expect quality ejaculate from middle sized sporting dogs. The dogs should be fed with a complete food mixture. The dog should be used for stud from the age of 2 years and in ideal conditions should not mate more often than once a week.

No description available.

No description available.

The aim of the thesis was to observe the mutual behavior between dogs in public spaces in Svitavy. A total of 250 pairs of dogs were monitored. I followed various aspects and their effects on the resulting behavior of the monitored dogs. I followed various factors, such as the age of the owner or the dog which first initiated sniffing. The results show that many factors have influenced social interactions, including the sex of the dog, the sex of the owner, or the way in which the dog is guided. I found that most of the other dogs started sniffing adult dogs and that the most sniffing place in all dog categories was the back. Most often, they urged dogs to play small breeds.

Den 1 juli 2010 implementerades PSI-lagen i Sverige, syftet var att främja konkurrens och tillväxt i informationsförädlarbranschen. En bransch som beräknas ha en stor tillväxtpotential. Branschen saknar idag en egen klassifikation, vilket medför att branschens utveckling är svår att mäta. Denna studie avser att dels skapa en definition för informationsförädlarbranschen, och ta reda på vilka företagen i branschen är. Sedan kommer konkurrens och tillväxt i informationsförädlarbranschen att mätas för att undersöka om PSI-lagen haft någon inverkan på branschens utveckling. Resultatet visar att branschen består av 130 företag, år 2013, och att tillväxten och konkurrensen har förändrats sedan PSI-lagen implementerats.