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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Qualitative exploration of trauma outcomes: six survivors in South Africa

Fischer, Josef 23 June 2010 (has links)
M.A. / There is a need to understand the outcomes of trauma in South Africa, as it is a country rife with violent crime. Thus far there has been little research into the aftermath of trauma, yet many trauma centres are coming into existence. A better understanding of the aftermaths of trauma could be integrated into current trauma intervention models so that locally researched models could be utilised by these centres. A grounded qualitative study on the outcomes of violent trauma in the South African context was thus conducted. Existentialism was included as a philosophical underpinning to the formal literature. The formal literature itself deals with the evolution of the cognitive tradition before a detailed explication of the Shattered Assumptions Model is given. This model stresses the role of trauma in disrupting central schemas regarding the manner in which both the self and the world are viewed. The impact of trauma itself in terms of the individual’s thoughts, memories and emotions was also explored. Participants in the study comprised of individuals who had been traumatised and sought counselling at the Rand Afrikaans University Trauma Centre. The participants were interviewed using the semi-structured interview format. Six such interviews took place. Selection of themes to discuss with the respondents was based both on existential theory as well as theory from the technical literature on trauma. The interviews were coded and analysed such that themes could emerge from the data itself. This is consistent with the qualitative tradition of psychological research. It was found that the South African respondents differed markedly with regards to outcomes following traumatisation. Results were discussed in terms of emotional sequelae, cognitive attributions, behavioural modifications as well as pervasive symptoms. Significantly, it was found that most respondents were still emotionally disturbed by their experiences, reporting high levels of fear and anxiety. These results are interpreted within the context of the South African environment where the incidence of violent crime and its resulting trauma is prevalent. The researcher speculates whether the recovery from trauma in South Africa is retarded due to the presence of continued threat. However, the limited external validity of the current study precludes the drawing of any universal conclusions. Further research in the field of the experience and aftermath of trauma in South Africa is recommended, with particular emphasis on the role that continued threat may play.
2

Forgiveness of interpersonal betrayal the effects of empathy and trauma symptomology /

Parker, Benjamin T. January 2003 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vii, 78 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 42-48).
3

Counterfactual thinking in the wake of trauma

Davis, Christopher G. 11 1900 (has links)
Counterfactuals generated by people who have experienced traumatic life events were examined to elucidate their significance for the coping process. In Study 1, 93 respondents were interviewed 4-7 years after the loss of their spouse or child in a motor vehicle accident. In Study 2, 124 respondents were interviewed 3 weeks and 18 months following the death of their child to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Across these two studies it was found that (a) counterfactuals that undid the traumatic event were commonly reported; (b) the focus of counterfactuals was typically on one's own (in)actions, rather than on the behavior of others; (c) the more freguently respondents were undoing the event, the more distress they reported; and (d) this relation held even after controlling for more general ruminations. In Study 3, 106 respondents were interviewed one week following their spinal cord injury. In this study, self-implicating counterfactuals were shown to predict ascriptions of self-blame, controlling for causal attributions and foreseeability estimates. Taken together, these field data suggest that counterfactuals play an important role in how people cope with traumatic life events. Possible roles that these counterfactual thoughts might play are discussed.
4

Construct validation of the trauma-stren conversion : age, religiosity, mental health, and self-esteem

Gatten, Shauna L. January 1987 (has links)
Up to this point much of what has been learned regarding individuals' stress responses has been derived from the study of individuals who have suffered from psychopathology or physical illness. Recent research, however, has demonstrated a shift in focus toward individuals who effectively cope with stressful experiences. For example, previous research has identified a type of "conversion" process whereby an initially traumatic event is evaluated and later recognized to have positive effects through its assimilation into a new cognitive framework emphasizing psychological growth and adaptation. The present study investigated the conversion phenomenon, examining the relationship between older and younger subjects' perceptions of significant events and their current level of mental health, self-esteem and religious orientation. Results found conversion to be related to religiosity but not to age, self-esteem or transient mental health status. The findings are discussed and implications for future research are identified.
5

Female friendship : the impact of traumatic experiences on personal beliefs and relationship functioning /

Chervenak, Stephanie A. January 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Undergraduate honors paper--Mount Holyoke College, 2006. Dept. of Psychology and Education. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 54-58).
6

The application of cross-cultural research in emergency service work-trauma

Ramsay, Robert Guy January 1996 (has links)
Work-trauma, conceptually related to post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), can impact general pathology as well as traumatic reactivity. Whilst usually associated with the emergency services, work-trauma occurs in all personnel repetitively exposed, as part of their job, to actual or potential traumatic incidents (such as fatalities, serious injuries, fires, riots, harassment, shooting incidents, rape incidents etc.). The (limited) understanding of work-trauma is essentially predicated on mono-cultural (North American) data and approaches. Although a useful start, this does not accommodate underlying cultural differences. It is argued these differences fundamentally impact reliability. Two approaches are used here to begin the application of cross-cultural factors to work-trauma: 1. Using sources based on Hofstede's cultural differences in individualism/collectivism, masculinity/feminism, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance, a link is established with certain stages of the eco-systemic model of traumatic reaction (Peterson et al, 1991). 2. A detailed review of the emergency service environment including examination stressors, call-out rates, and general pressure to perform as well as broader social differences in economic conditions, working hours, quality of life and several other factors quantifies the extensive differences researchers need to acknowledge. Using unique data from three cultural settings (Japan, Hong Kong and the UK), preliminary analysis suggests nine variables consistently associate with work-trauma symptomatology: age, child-bearing status, usual alcohol consumption, change in alcohol consumption, exercise frequency, social support from a partner, social support from a close friend, contemplation of counselling, and action on counselling. When applied to a model, however, cultural variations in were large. This begins to suggest diverse cultural experiences are impacting work-trauma. Although phenomena such as resistance to counselling, the 'macho ethic' and alcohol habits within the emergency services are - as expected - culturally consistent, this is in itself inadequate for understanding work-trauma. At a theoretical level, researchers need to further explore the documented aspects of the emergency service and social environments with a view to developing instruments which measure cultural diversity. At a practical level, given the culturally consistent alcohol habits in emergency services, future researchers should consider the use of emergency service personnel as front-line diagnosticians of work-trauma. Counselling needs are assessed in this light.
7

Counterfactual thinking in the wake of trauma

Davis, Christopher G. 11 1900 (has links)
Counterfactuals generated by people who have experienced traumatic life events were examined to elucidate their significance for the coping process. In Study 1, 93 respondents were interviewed 4-7 years after the loss of their spouse or child in a motor vehicle accident. In Study 2, 124 respondents were interviewed 3 weeks and 18 months following the death of their child to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome. Across these two studies it was found that (a) counterfactuals that undid the traumatic event were commonly reported; (b) the focus of counterfactuals was typically on one's own (in)actions, rather than on the behavior of others; (c) the more freguently respondents were undoing the event, the more distress they reported; and (d) this relation held even after controlling for more general ruminations. In Study 3, 106 respondents were interviewed one week following their spinal cord injury. In this study, self-implicating counterfactuals were shown to predict ascriptions of self-blame, controlling for causal attributions and foreseeability estimates. Taken together, these field data suggest that counterfactuals play an important role in how people cope with traumatic life events. Possible roles that these counterfactual thoughts might play are discussed. / Arts, Faculty of / Psychology, Department of / Graduate
8

The role of meaning making in the association between multiple interpersonal traumas and post-traumatic adaptation

McElroy, Sarah Kobielski. January 2009 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Bowling Green State University, 2009. / Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 87 p. Includes bibliographical references.
9

Recollecting memory, reviewing history: Trauma in Asian North American literature

Chen, Guan-Rong. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Texas at Arlington, 2008.
10

Using the Internet to collect data on psychological symptoms an investigation of psychometric properties /

Fortson, Beverly L. January 1900 (has links)
Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2003. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 64 p. : ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 37-41).

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