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Ego development, locus of control and the primary-secondary alcoholic dichotomyWilson, Celesta Joy January 1981 (has links)
A study was done to investigate the well documented heterogeneous nature of the alcoholic population. Loevinger's Ego Development Sentence Completion Scale and Rotter's Locus of Control Questionnaire
were used to investigate specific characteristics of the primary and secondary alcoholic subtypes. No differences between primary and secondary alcoholics were found on either the Ego Development or Locus of Control scales. The reasons for and implications of such findings were discussed. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate
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The value of understanding personality types for building successful teamsReid, Marie 20 June 2014 (has links)
M.Phil. (Personal and Professional Leadership) / in the workplace often cannot work together effectively towards optimal performance. Employees often experience relationship problems in the workplace. Not many realise that a lack of understanding of personality contribute to these problems. Through this study, the objective was to investigate whether a basic understanding of personality types is a factor that can significantly improve workplace relationships in teams and therefore improve effective teamwork and team performance in companies. The motivation for this study was to make a contribution towards helping teams function more effectively, specifically by improving workplace relationships through applying an understanding of personality types in teams. The empirical research method used in this study was a mixed method approach of quantitative and qualitative research. Quantitative research was done through a survey questionnaire that was completed by a sample of respondents (n=183) from companies in the financial industry. This was supplemented by qualitative research by means of focused group interviews (n=16) with team leaders and managers of the survey participants. While the results were not found to be typical of the broader population, enough evidence were found to suggest that employees in the workplace realise the need for working together better in their teams, and seeing the value that personality profiling can bring towards achieving this reality.
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Saying yes, saying no : understanding women’s use of the label "PMS"Moore, Shelley 05 1900 (has links)
This dissertation explored factors related to heterosexual women's use of
the label "PMS" and the question of why so many women who say that they have
PMS do not meet prospectively-based researcher criteria. Participants were
recruited through Vancouver city newspapers and posters for a study of
emotional, behavioural, and health patterns. They were screened for
hysterectomies, ovariectomies, pregnancy, and chronic illnesses. The 58
women in this study (mean age=34.5) provided daily prospective data over a
mean of 15 weeks for 15 variables representing 4 different types of symptoms:
mood, relationship, concentration and work performance, and physical and
activity symptom types. At the beginning of the study, they completed the Beck
Depression Inventory. During a final interview they completed various
questionnaires regarding romantic relationships, stress, history of abuse, and
attitudes toward menstruation. During her final interview, each woman was
asked whether she had ever had PMS and, if so, what she believed caused it.
Only 16% of the women met researcher-designated criteria for PMS and
9% met researcher-criteria for PDD (Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, APA,
1994), but 60% believed that they currently had PMS. There was very little
match between researcher-designations and self-designations for any of the 15
prospective variables. Instead, consistent with schematic theories of PMS, it
was women's attitudes toward menstruation that were most strongly related to
self-designation. Women who said that they currently had PMS were more likely
to view menstruation as debilitating, natural, and predictable. They had higher
depression scores and reported more frequent and enduring experiences of
anger. More of these women reported having been emotionally abused as an
adult, emotionally abused as a child, and physically abused by a past or current
romantic partner. Although women who said that they had never had PMS perceived menstruation as more bothersome, they believed that women should
be able to ignore it. Current-Say and Never-Say women did not significantly
differ for other forms of abuse, partner satisfaction, or daily uplifts. Daily hassles
did not reach statistical significance at the multivariate level, but univariate
significance indicated that Never-Say women might experience fewer daily
hassles than Current-Say women. The prospective data were analyzed
idiographically using prediction analyses. Current-Say women demonstrated
more uncharacteristic cyclicity during the midcycle phase across the 15 variables
and 4 symptom types. Never-Say women showed more uncharacteristic
cyclicity during the postmenstrual phase. No differences were found for other
phases. These findings, and other results, argue against the use of simple
premenstrual-postmenstrual and premenstrual-intermenstrual difference
measures in diagnosing PMS or PDD.
It was concluded that, although the women's self-designations did not
match their prospective data, they could not be explained simply as a
mislabelling of negative cyclicity in other phases. There was also mixed
evidence for the hypothesis that women's reports of having "PMS" were part of a
generalized over-reporting of symptomatology or dissatisfaction. Possible
explanations for women's self-designations are discussed, including schematic
representations of both menstruation and general illness and a "contrast
hypothesis" modified from the version proposed by McFarlane and Williams
(1994). This contrast hypothesis suggests that cyclical changes occurring during
a particular non-premenstrual phase are related to women's self-designations
according to (a) the timing of these changes relative to the visible and salient
menses, in conjunction with (b) their attitudes toward menstruation. Close to half
(45%) the women who said that they had experienced PMS attributed their
perceived PMS to a bidirectional model of physiology and environment, and 58% of the women saying that they had PMS believed that it happened occasionally
rather than inevitably. Overall, the women's representations of menstrual
cyclicity were neither simple reflections of cultural stereotypes nor pervasively
negative, but rather diverse and complex. The results that link depression,
anger, and specific forms of abuse to self-designations suggest that women
saying that they have PMS are indicating difficulties that may or may not be
menstrually-related. Researchers and other professionals need to assess the
nature of those difficulties in women presenting with "PMS". / Arts, Faculty of / Psychology, Department of / Graduate
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Improving communication with terminally Ill patients in the end-of-life care: a volunteers' perspectiveLu, Chen 28 May 2014 (has links)
Communication is an important component in care for the patients. As human beings, we are all mortal, thus, communication at the end of life is a topic that is significant for all of us. Research on communication with dying patients who suffered from incurable illness is relatively insufficient in China given the fact that palliative care originated in the West. Moreover, previous research focused more on the communication between patients and medical staff who shoulder the majority work for taking care of the patients. There is relatively little research looking into volunteers' experience in communicating with dying patients. Communicating with dying patients is the experience that can cause anxiety and stress. As patients with advanced and incurable cancers have exhausted their social contacts due to the prolonged illnesses and people's general anxiety to communicate with dying people, their shrinking social contacts will result in isolation, which will trigger emotional pain in addition to the physical pain. Volunteers come to assist in caring for them as a form of social support for the dying people, and their communication experience is valuable for any caregivers of dying patients. The researcher of the study directly engaged with the activities of a group of volunteers in Shenzhen for six months, doing ethnography and semi- structured interviews, so as to understand the practices and meanings of volunteers' communication with dying patients. The results showed that three main dimensions emerged, namely, isolation and connection, dependence and autonomy, discontinuity and continuity. Volunteers adopted various communication skills so as to make patients feel that they are still connected to others, enjoy certain degree of autonomy over their body like the healthy people and let them move on in the last phase of their life. They also suggest that there should be more investigations in the end-of-life communication
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Needs, problems and stress of rural cancer patients : an interpretation according to the biomatrix theoryEdwards, Lynn January 1988 (has links)
Bibliography: pages 119-139. / The purpose of this study was to identify the needs and problems that were experienced by rural cancer patients and to investigate the level of emotional stress that they reported. A further purpose was to interpret the main findings of the study according to the Biomatrix Theory. 496 Cancer patients who lived in rural areas of the Western Cape and 140 urban cancer patients were interviewed. The urban cancer patients formed a control group for comparison of the stress data. In order to consider the needs and problems of rural cancer patients from a widespread area, stratified random sampling of magisterial districts was applied and an attempt was made to interview all cancer patients who were living in each of the 21 magisterial districts sampled. Data on needs and problems were collected by use of a questionnaire, and the stress data was collected by administering a modified format of the Stress Evaluation Inventory (SEI). The findings of this study revealed that financial difficulties were the most frequently reported problem while transport difficulties and frustration of emotional support needs were also frequently reported. Patients who reported experiencing these problems also reported statistically significantly higher stress according to the SEI than those who did not.
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Binge antecedents and consequences in bulimic syndromes : an examination of the roles of dietary restraint, affect and dissociationEngelberg, Marla J. January 2003 (has links)
No description available.
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Theory of mind and deliberate rule use in individuals with Down syndromeBenedetto, Elizabeth-Anne January 1993 (has links)
No description available.
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Interdependent and independent states of the bilingul's two languages.Hamers, Josiane F. January 1973 (has links)
No description available.
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What makes abortion a difficult experienceOlijnek, Darcie January 1991 (has links)
No description available.
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Chronic heavy use of cannabis sativa : psychological effects.Bowman, Marilyn Laura January 1972 (has links)
No description available.
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