<p> High-functioning individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have low employment outcomes due to difficulty finding occupations that are an optimal match. The present study sought to identify the O*NET Skills Search Tool as an effective tool for this population to use for career exploration. </p><p> Subject matter experts with experience working with employment and high-functioning individuals with ASD (<i>N</i> = 19) were administered a survey assessing appropriate occupations and distractor occupations on perceptions of appropriateness, interest, and attainability, and the O*NET Skills Search Tool on perceived value for this population.</p><p> One-sample <i>t</i>-tests indicated that occupations outputted by O*NET were perceived as appropriate, of interest to, and attainable for high-functioning individuals with ASD and the O*NET Skills Search Tool was perceived positively as a tool for career exploration. A multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated that those occupations were perceived as more appropriate, of interest to, and attainable than the distractor occupations. </p>

<p> The purpose of the present stud is to focus on applying two theoretical models, the justification-suppression model and the role congruity theory, to age discrimination in selection occupational decision-making. Participants from varying age demographics evaluated either stereotype-confirming or stereotype-disconfirming Facebook interests of candidates who are applying for a fictitious job opening. The results supported the role congruity theory in that candidates were rated lower on likability ratings when their Facebook interests were congruent with the stereotypical interests of the candidates&rsquo; respective age groups. However, there were no significant differences supporting the justification-suppression model in that perceptions of candidates did not differ in hirability ratings, regardless of their observable Facebook interests. However, the hirability ratings overall decreased after participants viewed Facebook profiles, regardless of the congruence of interests to their stereotypical interests. These results suggest that the presence of Facebook profiles as well as displaying atypical interests regarding respective age groups can result in negative perceptions of likeability or hirability ratings.</p>

<p> Leadership and culture are two constructs often studied along with organizational justice, however; much of the past research has focused on measuring these constructs broadly. By measuring these constructs at a more granular level, this study aims to explore the specific linkages between clarifying, supporting, and recognizing leader behaviors and their relationship with interpersonal and informational justice. Results from this study go beyond broader leadership theories by finding that clarifying, supporting, and recognizing leader behaviors are important for predicting interpersonal justice perceptions. In addition, clarifying and supporting leader behaviors were also important predictors of informational justice perceptions. No significant moderating effects for power distance or uncertainty avoidance were found. The implications for science and practice based on these findings are within.</p><p>

The present project tested a theoretical framework for the deception judgment process. The framework argues that the deception judgment process begins when a perceiver first becomes suspicious of deception. This engages the perceiver to attempt to verify the speaker's claims. If the claims are deemed untrue, in an effort to classify the statement as a lie, the perceiver then examines the speaker's motives. If deemed a lie, the perceiver decides what to do about the deception, often taking into consideration the speaker's motives for lying. Three studies tested this framework. The first study examined the information perceivers used to distinguish lies from non-lies; the second study examined how the various forms of information were utilized and weighed in the deception judgment process; and finally, the third study examined the information processing strategies perceivers used to process deception. Overall, it was found that perceivers used several forms of information (e.g., logical inconsistencies, facts, and motives) when considering and judging deception. However, only facts were used to draw a conclusion regarding a statement's deceptiveness. In terms of processing strategies, support was found for an information-processing ordering effect consistent with the proposed model. Implications and future research are discussed.

<p> In order to perform their duties, airline pilots must have no clinical diagnosis of mental illness or any substance use disorder. However, provisions have been in place since the 1970s that provide for a return to work for airline pilots with alcohol problems. To date, over 5,000 airline pilots have undergone rehabilitation for Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and successfully returned to work. An important gap in the literature remains with regard to what extent improvements in cognitive performance may be experienced by airline pilots who complete treatment and to what extent age influences the amount of change. This study examined the archival data of 95 male Caucasian pilots who were assessed for cognitive performance shortly after entry to 30-day inpatient treatment and approximately 5 months later during the return to work evaluation. A nonexperimental within subjects design compared pre- and post-treatment scores on the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV) full scale and 4 index scores as well as differences for age groups (25 to 44, 45 to 54, and 55 to 64). Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that there were significant gains on all WAIS-IV measures pre&ndash;post treatment for AUD. MANOVA results indicated no differences between age groups. These findings support current Federal Aviation Administration program practices with regard to returning airline pilots to work following rehabilitation and a sufficient period of abstinence. The potential of this study to promote the agenda of social change may be substantive for raising awareness of the cognitive deficits associated with AUD and how these may impact the safety of flight operations.</p>

<p> The purpose of this study was to understand the implications of management support and employee engagement on the improvement of organizational efficiency, as a byproduct of employees adopting organizational Project Management Methodologies (PMMs). Previous PMM-based research has not focused on assessing the (a) influence of management support and employee engagement on PMM adoption or (b) effect of PMM adoption on organizational efficiency. The PMM adoption and resistive factors researched included: PMM practices, training, coaching, PMM design involvement, PMM feedback, project type, employment type, and PMM practitioner experience level. An exploratory qualitative research method was supported by an online survey data collection method and thematic analysis data analysis method. Two Project Management Institute (PMI) Chapters comprised a sample population of over 2400 professionals. A sample size of 29 surveys was acquired through data collection that produced five key themes: (a) PMM tailoring, (b) vetting of PMM best practice, (c) good communications, (d) management support via PMM training and coaching, and (e) employee engagement via proactive involvement and reactive feedback with the caveat of receiving fair treatment. These themes promoted PMM adoption and accumulatively support higher levels of organizational efficiencies. Research findings enrich existing knowledge surrounding PMM adoption and organizational efficiency due to the pre-existing research gap.</p><p>

<p> Workplace wellness programs (WWPs) aim to curtail health-care expenditures while increasing employees&rsquo; health and wellness. However, WWPs are not effective at helping employees affected by obesity, and participants may be penalized with higher health care costs for not meeting biometric markers. The disease burden to treat the related health conditions for those with obesity cost $1.42 trillion in 2014 and continues to increase. This retrospective multiple case study examined seven companies and 10 employees within the theoretical framework of positive psychology and global well-being models to identify themes. The employees were exemplary cases that lost 3% BMI or 10 pounds of weight and kept it off for six months or more while utilizing their WWP. Eight themes emerged including meaningful relationships, vitality, positive emotions, resilience, optimism, confidence, trust/faith, and hope. The eight themes provided insights for a unique way to integrate and examine positive psychological capital and positive organizational health as a strategy for long-term well-being, weight loss, and health in WWPs. The top four themes identified extrinsic shared motivational constructs that could be identified and strengthened by values in action and positive psychology interventions to promote WWP engagement and success. An organization supporting a health and wellness culture can benefit over time with healthier, happier, and productive employees. The lower four themes offered awareness of intrinsic motivation and self-concepts for deeper meaning within the context of weight loss and maintenance. This research presents a template (Weight and Wellness Mindset) to organize positive psychological variables that may be examined through quantitative research. The positive psychological constructs may be measurable to promote hedonic and eudemonic well-being and impact employees&rsquo; engagement and success in WWPs. </p><p>

<p> The workplace has entered an international era where the need for proactive, globally-aware employees has become increasingly crucial. More than ever, employees are responsible for agentically investing in their own development and work outcomes&mdash;including job satisfaction. This study investigates the relationship between agentic career practices, organizational support, and job satisfaction. Better clarity is needed to understand the career management skills and practices that individuals can develop to navigate the modern workplace. This study compared 2,870 individuals across 73 nations. Five Career Development Practices (CDPs) (connecting with others, planning for development, branding, adapting, and stretching) were found to be meaningfully connected to job satisfaction (<i>R</i>² = .46) where connecting with others emerged as the most potent CDP. Furthermore, the order of the CDPs&rsquo; potency in explaining job satisfaction varied by global region to indicate practices vary by culture. </p><p>

<p> Work engagement and burnout have been researched extensively through the Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) stress framework; however, there are still relationships within the model that are not fully understood. Historically, job demands have been considered to be one homogenous group having similar relationships with resources, burnout and engagement. Researchers have found that job demands have been consistently positively related to burnout, and job resources have been positively related to engagement. Associations between job demands and engagement have been shown to be positive, negative, non-existent, as well as curvilinear (Bailey, Madden, Alfes, &amp; Fletcher, 2015). However, job demands may be differentiated into challenges, which may actually be less harmful for workers, and hindrances, which may account for the majority of the negative association with burnout. Although a small amount of primary research has investigated demands differentiated into challenges and hindrances with samples outside of the U.S., no studies to date have investigated the relationship between challenge and hindrance demands with burnout and work engagement with a sample of employees in the U.S. Additionally, very little research has studied the interaction effects within a differentiated demands model on burnout and work engagement. In this study, a moderated hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the relationships among challenge demands, hindrance demands, resources, burnout, and engagement with a sample of knowledge workers in the U.S. sourced through the Amazon Mechanical Turk system. Overall, hindrance demands were found to be positively related to burnout and negatively related to engagement. Challenge demands were not significantly related to burnout but were positively related to engagement. The interactive effects of job resources were only observed for the hindrance demand relationships. The differentiated model of job demands may provide a clearer understanding of the different mitigating and boosting relationships between challenges, hindrances, and resources. The results of this study suggest that for executives who wish to increase the positive outcomes associated with well-being, they may want to focus on reducing hindrance demands and increase access to resources across their organizations. Further implications for practice and research will be discussed.</p><p>

<p> This study examined the effect of clinical supervision on job satisfaction and burnout among school psychologists in large urban school districts in Florida. The theory of work adjustment, Maslach and Jackson&rsquo;s three-dimensional model of burnout, and Atkinson and Woods&rsquo;s triadic model of supervision were the theoretical foundations and/or conceptual frameworks used in this study. The two research questions that guided this study addressed the effect of the receipt of clinical supervision on job satisfaction and burnout among school psychologists in large urban school districts. The study was conducted with a convenient sample of 75 school psychologists from a target population of 330 who were primarily working as practitioners within the school districts. An online survey was created with demographic questions, the short-form Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire (MSQ-sf), and the Maslach Burnout Inventory&ndash;Educators Survey (MBI-ES). The MSQ-sf has an overall scale of job satisfaction that was computed. The MBI-ES is comprised of three subscales: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. The subscale total scores were calculated for each MBI-ES dimension. The Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test revealed no statistically significant difference in job satisfaction between the two groups (<i>U</i> = 736, <i>z</i> = 1.783, <i> p</i> = .075). The MANOVA did not reflect a significant difference in burnout between the two groups, <i>F</i>(3,71) = .657, <i> p</i> = .581; Pillai&rsquo;s Trace = .027; partial &eta;² = .027. </p><p>