Thesis--Bryn Mawr College. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Also issued in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Stockholm University, 2004. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 294-307).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1940. / Typescript. Includes abstract and vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 234-241).

Thesis--Wisconsin. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 107-116).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 275-304). Also available in print.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1984. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 359-406).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1972. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1981. / Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 184-194).

Public housing, after a long delay, has become an accepted feature in the urban renewal plans of many Canadian cities, notably Vancouver which is now building (1963) its fourth unit. On the subject of welfare services in relation to public housing, however, there are two divergent approaches. One is that by their very nature, housing projects should be understood as a welfare service with appropriate provisions (which range very widely from, e.g., minimum social assistance liaison to a highly developed community program). The other is that public housing should be a purely managerial or real-estate operation, the tenants being completely "left alone" apart from standard management provisions. The rent and eligibility principles of Canadian public housing are different from those which govern United States projects; but the decisive trend of American experience makes it timely to examine it for the light it can throw on the issues above stated. British developments in the direction of integrating social services to local community development are also highly relevant. The present study is an intensive review of the most relevant recent literature, including reports of surveys and demonstration services, and the recommendations of local and national committees of housing administrators, planners, social workers, and citizens. A major statement of this latter kind was adopted as a general point of reference. Various methods of classifying the detailed references were eventually brought together under three heads: (1) the welfare services required by public housing tenants; (2) the issues of community relationships of several kinds, and (3) administrative implications. Before developing a final chapter on needs and methods of coordination, meetings were held with housing, city planning, and Community Chest representatives. The extent to which low-income families require welfare services, and the type of welfare services which are appropriate, are classified by several surveys. "Problem" families and "normal" families need to be understood, as well as distinguished in provisions made for them. It is clear that relocation and rehousing sever neighbourhood ties for adults and children, and that resettlement problems cannot be solved without examination of the extent to which existing districts are properly equipped as neighbourhoods. "Community building" involves social as well as physical facilities; and the need may not be confined to the housing project. Administration must, likewise, be distinguished at several levels of responsibility. The coordination of community services is such a major and complex issue that comparative experience is marshalled (in a concluding chapter), distinguishing five principal methods of coordinations which are further illustrated by examples from several American cities. Examples are used throughout to illuminate special as well as general programs which have been evolved in recent years to meet welfare, recreational, "self-help", educational, and other "community building" needs. In sum, a concentration of low-income families in high-density public housing projects creates neighbourhood stress and family welfare needs, requiring a wide range of community services. Even if rehousing is not solely a low-income program, however, urban renewal makes clearer the common goals of housing, family rehabilitation, and neighbourhood development. In conclusion, the relation of this to some current Vancouver proposals for "area coordination" service is reviewed. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate

Poverty continues to be a social problem in North American society, although a network of social allowance programs has now been developed to provide financial assistance to various categories of people in need. A number of definitive studies are now available on food minima and household essentials required for health and welfare maintenance. However, in British Columbia there is no fixed policy to incorporate the use of standard budgets into the social allowance program. The needs of financially dependent persons vary greatly according to the personal and family circumstances, etc., though some basic components are constant; rehabilitative casework also requires flexibility. The present study reviews a sample group to secure data on (1) the nature of the needs of dependent families; (2) the effects of financial dependency; and (3) the cost of providing maintenance at the level of minimum standard budgets. The study is directed to two kinds of families, (a) those in which the father for any reason is not in the home, and (b) those in which the father is part of the family unit but unable to support his family. Three-member families were chosen for the former sample and six-member families for the latter. For this initial study, a semi-rural area was selected from the Lower Mainland Region of the Provincial Department of Social Welfare. With the important survey on the adequacy of social allowance made by the Vancouver Community Chest and Councils in 1958 as a starting point, standard budgets were calculated for each of the sample families. An analysis of their expenses was completed in relation to this, and patterns of expenditure were then compared to those of the lowest-earning income-group (as determined by the Dominion Bureau of Statistics family income surveys). In addition, experiential aspects of family living were recorded, and an initial framework set up on the dependency characteristics of social assistance families as these affect adjustments to their situations and rehabilitation prospects. The study shows that, in addition to need which varies directly according to the sex and age of the members, other important variables are the type of family accommodation, previous levels of living, management ability, and personal assets or liabilities. Despite these variations, the needs of families were categorized and, to some extent, itemized. This made it possible to calculate money amounts required by each family for a minimum level of living. It was found that where personal inadequacies exist, they are exacerbated by the deprivation inherent in an inadequate income. When this is the case, the families require supplementary services to enable them to become functionally independent. On the other hand, some social assistance recipients require only an adequate income to render them capable of coping with their problems. / Arts, Faculty of / Social Work, School of / Graduate