Previous research in organizational theory, labor market economics, and nonprofit studies are applied to churches and their clergy leadership in advancing a theory of clergy executive compensation. The data for this study come from the end of year reports from approximately 800 local churches of the North Georgia Annual Conference of the United Methodist Church for the years 2007-2008 and a survey administered in order to glean the personal characteristics of the clergy. The investigation employs a clergy compensation framework and finds that clergy salaries are influenced in part by personal characteristics, human capital, organizational elements, labor market factors, and clergy performance. The results regarding the role of credentialing in stratified labor markets have implications for policy. The present research adds to the nonprofit executive compensation literature by suggesting that denominational churches are analogous to nonprofit franchises and by empirically testing for "dual agency", labor market stratification, and managerial scope.

Basically, state compensation liability can be sorted to: One is caused by the public servant who exercises public power while executing duties(namely human liability) and the other is caused by deficient installation or management of public-owned and public facilities (namely liability of an object). They are two pivots related to compensation liability of the existing State Compensation Law. Although cases of Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau are increasing year by year during the enforcement of State Compensation Law for more than twenty years, all of them are from lawless liability of public servants and deficient liability of public-owned and public facilities. The research is mainly to analyze and discuss cases of state compensation of Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau and targets are police officers of Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau as the priority. Concerning general public servants of other organizations and ¡§public servants having duties of judgment and prosecution,¡¨ they belong to special regulation of State Compensation Law, so they are not within the scope of the research. To pursue accuracy and precision, the research analyzed cases of state compensation of Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau during recent five years (2001 to 2005) to discuss whether there is room for improvement among five structures of our legal system of state compensation liability, including principles of legislation, organizational structure, authority design and application, relief & aftercare, and supervision & evaluation, and then provide Kaohsiung City Government Police Bureau with concrete ways and suggestions in handling cases of state compensation in the future.

Thèse de doctorat : Droit : Strasbourg : 2009. Tesi di dottorato : Diritto pubblico comparato : Universita degli studi di Siena (Italia) : 2009. / Thèse soutenue en co-tutelle. Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr. p.177-188. Notes bibliogr.

Zugl.: Berlin, Humboldt-Universiẗat, Diss., 2008.

Thesis (M.S.W.)--University of Hong Kong, 1981.

<p> The United States (US) is plagued by a high-cost health care system producing lower than desired patient quality outcomes. In 2012, the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act was enacted to financially incentivize cost-effective models of care that improve the health of US citizens. One emerging solution is engaging patients with chronic conditions in self-management practices. </p><p> Guided by Krieger's Eco-Social Theory, this study used semi-structured interviews, scales and a questionnaire to detect factors that facilitate patient activation of self-management in patients with type 2 diabetes. Managed and unmanaged participants were equally represented in the study sample. White participants and participants from two American Indian tribes located in Northeast Wisconsin were included in this study. Findings indicated the establishment of routine behavior and the ability to identify healthy alternatives when routines were disrupted support patient activation of self-management. Experiencing success such as weight loss was also identified as a factor in facilitating patient activation. Social roles and responsibilities challenged unmanaged patients. </p><p> The study concluded that community, culture and environment have both a negative and positive influence on patient activation of self-management of type 2 diabetes. The current epidemics of obesity and diabetes create an apathetic response to the type 2-diabetes diagnosis that affects subsequent treatment and self-management in the communities studied. Aspects of local cultures such as unhealthy regional and tribal foods, lack of options for menu items low in carbohydrates and sugar in restaurants, high consumption of soda and alcohol and holidays/tribal events provide significant challenges for unmanaged patients. Workplace policies surrounding health insurance premiums had an impact on attendance at educational events but not on sustaining self-management behaviors. Positive aspects of the workplace include the imposition of structure and routine and the emotional support of colleagues. Warm seasons were also found to activate self-management by providing an opportunity for outdoor exercise and healthier modes of food preparation. </p><p> Consistent with a previous study, high rates of childhood trauma were found among the study groups. However, findings did not support the hypothesis that levels of childhood trauma were linked to self-management. While some evidence of historical grief and loss along with associated symptoms was found among the American Indian populations, there was no correlation between managed condition and level of grief and loss. Further examination of the connection between childhood and historical trauma to the current obesity and diabetic epidemics in these communities is recommended. Recommendations for changes to public health and health care policy are included.</p>

No description available.

<p> This dissertation presents a comprehensive framework to analyze municipal water supply reforms in developing countries by adapting the institutional analysis and development framework (IAD) to this sector. It does so by providing a detailed description of all the meaningful components of the IAD framework that apply to municipal water reforms and also provides a structure to evaluate these reforms. It then applies the adapted framework to the municipal water reforms in Jakarta, Indonesia to get a fresh perspective on the situation there. </p><p> The application of the framework to Jakarta yields a number of findings, not widely discussed in the literature. For instance it becomes clear that the success of a system involving a diverse set of institutions requires a thorough understanding of the interactions between the different actors, not just a study of the actors themselves. Also, a variety of factors exogenous to the players&mdash;like biophysical factors, or the characteristics of the community or rules on the ground&mdash;often play crucial roles. These need to be considered while shaping policy. A number of such lessons have been presented in this dissertation. </p><p> Finally, this dissertation draws insights from this adaptation to Jakarta which can provide lessons to similar cases in the developing world.</p>

<p>Scholars have proposed numerous explanations as to why the Department of Homeland Security has struggled to mature as an organization and effectively conduct its core mission. We propose an alternative viewpoint that the department lacks key legal authorities and necessitates key organizational transfer in order to rationalize its portfolio. We examine these points through review of legal authorities in select mission areas and through a resource analysis of activities conducted throughout the federal government to execute the homeland security mission. The analysis leads to specific recommendations for transfers and authorities and suggestions as to how the political environment might coalesce around engendering these changes. </p>

<p> In the last two decades, openness of public budgeting processes garnered the attention of governments, non-governmental organizations and donors, evidenced by a proliferation of budget transparency and accountability initiatives worldwide (McGee &amp; Gaventa, 2010; De Renzio &amp; Angemi, 2012). Designed to facilitate productive citizen-government interaction around resource allocation, open budgeting initiatives should contribute to strengthening public trust in political institutions (Sayogo &amp; Harrison, 2012; Hakhverdian &amp; Mayne, 2012). Using corruption perceptions as a measure of public trust, this study analyzes the relationship between the openness evident in the budgeting processes of 70 countries and corruption perceptions over a five-year period, 2006-2010. As a traditionally obtuse, closed process, public resource allocation and expenditure is an arena particularly ripe for "wealth-maximizing" civil servants to engage in corruption (Spada, 2009; Rose-Ackerman, 2004). Open budgeting processes that improve citizen awareness of, and provide opportunities for their participation in, government budgeting processes should theoretically improve, not only the incidence of actual corruption, but also citizens' perceptions regarding the level of corruption within their government (Anderson &amp; Tverdova, 2003; Martinez-Moyano et al., 2007). It was hypothesized that citizens in countries with greater transparency, consultation and public monitoring in their budgeting processes perceive lower levels of corruption and higher levels of government anti-corruption effectiveness. OLS and fixed effects regressions found suggestive evidence to support the contention that consultation and openness were positively associated with perceived anti-corruption effectiveness. In contrast, once confounding factors were controlled for, there was no clear evidence to support the contention that openness, either as a composite or its three sub-components, was negatively correlated with perceived government corruption. Furthermore, the results imply that the cumulative effect of the components of transparency, consultation and monitoring may have a stronger impact on perceptions of anti-corruption effectiveness and government corruption than they do as stand-alone activities.</p>