published_or_final_version / Dentistry / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Urban Planning / Master / Master of Science in Urban Planning

published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health

Infectious diseases control is one of the most important medical issues since the outbreak of SARS. The Hong Kong and China governments are awaked from the miserable event and a series of reforms relevant to infection control and public hygiene are thus established in order to face further challenges and potential threat in the future. In terms of strengthening health care system, re-orientation of healthy public policy, increment of community participation, building personal health skills as well as reinforcement of global communication and cooperation, there are drastically improvements regarding capacity for combating hazards due to emergence of novel infectious agents and diseases in both regions. This literature review aims to portrait current operating measures for infection control and public health practices in Hong Kong and the mainland China, and provides evaluation of the effectiveness and feasibility of these activities. / published_or_final_version / Public Health / Master / Master of Public Health

published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Philosophy

published_or_final_version / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health

published_or_final_version / Dentistry / Master / Master of Dental Surgery

published_or_final_version / abstract / Community Medicine / Master / Master of Public Health

published_or_final_version / Housing Management / Master / Master of Housing Management

This dissertation seeks to understand the relationships between the evolving political economies and modes of public health governance in Hong Kong, Singapore and Taiwan from the 19th century to nowadays. It is argued that from a political economy perspective, a suitable institutional set-up is important in providing political resources necessary for the evolution of public health governance. This dissertation looks specifically at political resources that include authority, legitimacy, finance and knowledge. The uneven distribution of these political resources across the polity determines the power gradient amongst different actors. Institutional set-up is also important because it governs the interaction between different actors who are in various ways dependent upon one another. From the 19th century, the polity of these three jurisdictions experienced drastic change under the banner of colonialism. The colonial governments were preoccupied with advancement of colonial interest. With the unrest in the polity, the colonial governments realised the importance of authority and knowledge in perpetuating their existence. At the same time however, the ignorance towards cultural affinity of colonial subject deprived the governments of their ability to regulate the life of the latter. The contradiction was strongly reflected in the two British colonies where there were clashes over the application of public health law and regulation. Japan, by contrast, was more able to garner authority because of her tactics to couple traditional control with modern policing. In the post-war era, the political economy of these three jurisdictions departed from one another. In Hong Kong, the colonial set-up shifts from regulatory-led to developmental-led institutional set-up. Similar tendency can be observed in Singapore and continued after her independence. Bureaucratic authority became the most available resources for government to mobilise. In strong possession of authority and finance, the government was increasingly able to introduce expansionary measures. This is accompanied by the rise of rational planning in Hong Kong and Singapore. As a result, there witnessed bureaucratisation of public health governance which shaped the dependent interactions between the authorities and citizen and the sporadic contribution from charities and overseas organisations. Taiwan departed significantly from these two jurisdictions. The inception of Kuomintang’s authoritarian regime attempted to continue the regulatory-led institutional set-up from the colonial regime in the 1950s. Whilst authority became abundant, financial resources were drained away to military project. International agents became the key actor to contribute to the functioning of public health governance. In the 1970s to 1990s, the fiscal crisis arising from exponential increase of public expenditure and the international policy discourse of deregulation led to the declining ability of tax-based direct provision of health care. There displayed a greater willingness to rely on more actors and more instruments to divest the responsibility of the government. However the negligence about the potential trade-off between authority and finance limited the dynamics of coordination between different actors. The sudden outbreak of the SARS episode in 2003 unveiled the problem of underinstitutionalisation of polity. It unsettled the role of power and authority of government as demonstrated in Singapore and unleashed the latent power of civil society in the arena of public health as seen in Hong Kong and Taiwan. It also illuminated the role of knowledge in dealing with uncertainty in an institutional set-up. / published_or_final_version / Urban Planning and Design / Doctoral / Doctor of Philosophy