by Ye Jian. / Abstract in English and Chinese. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1993. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves [140-147]). / ABSTRACT --- p.i / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.v / LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS --- p.vi / TABLE OF CONTENTS / Chapter CHAPTER 1 --- Introduction / Chapter 1.1 --- What is the EBI technique --- p.1-1 / Chapter 1.2 --- Applications of the EBI technique --- p.1-2 / Chapter 1.3 --- The electrical impedance rheopneumography-an overview --- p.1-4 / Chapter 1.4 --- Goal of the work --- p.1-6 / Chapter 1.5 --- Main contributions of the work --- p.1-9 / Chapter 1.6 --- Organization of the thesis --- p.1-9 / Chapter CHAPTER 2 --- Principles of the EBI technique and physiological background of the rheopneumogram / Chapter 2.1 --- Tissue impedance and origins of impedance change --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Impedance of living organs --- p.2-1 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Origins of impedance change --- p.2-2 / Chapter 2.2 --- The data acquisition system (DAS) --- p.2-3 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Impedance detector --- p.2-3 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Constant current source and safety consideration --- p.2-4 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Computer interface --- p.2-5 / Chapter 2.3 --- Electrode systems --- p.2-6 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Two-/four-electrode systems --- p.2-6 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- Geselowitz lead field theory --- p.2-6 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- Comparisons between the two-/four-electrode systems --- p.2-7 / Chapter 2.4 --- The human cardiovascular system --- p.2-8 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- System operation --- p.2-8 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Pulmonary hemodynamics --- p.2-9 / Chapter 2.5 --- Physiological background of EIR waveform --- p.2-12 / Chapter 2.6 --- EIR wave morphology and pathological factors --- p.2-13 / Chapter 2.6.1 --- Variations in the a-wave --- p.2-13 / Chapter 2.6.2 --- Variations in the Z-wave --- p.2-14 / Chapter 2.6.3 --- Variations in the C-wave --- p.2-14 / Chapter CHAPTER 3 --- THE COMPOSITION OF IMPEDANCE SIGNAL / Chapter 3.1 --- Introduction --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Origins of the TIS --- p.3-1 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- EIR measurement and electrode position --- p.3-2 / Chapter 3.1.3 --- Optimal EIR measurement --- p.3-3 / Chapter 3.2 --- Current path in an inhomogeneous medium --- p.3-4 / Chapter 3.3 --- Numerical model --- p.3-5 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- 2D Model --- p.3-5 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Tissue resistivity --- p.3-6 / Chapter 3.4 --- Calculation of the potential distribution --- p.3-7 / Chapter 3.5 --- Results --- p.3-9 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Computer simulations --- p.3-9 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Experimental results --- p.3-13 / Chapter 3.6 --- Discussions --- p.3-14 / Chapter 3.7 --- Conclusion --- p.3-16 / Chapter 3.8 --- Note on publications --- p.3-17 / Chapter CHAPTER 4 --- ON-LINE RESPIRATORY ARTEFACT REMOVAL VIA ADAPTIVE TECHNIQUE / Chapter 4.1 --- Introduction --- p.4-1 / Chapter 4.2 --- Analysis of the TIS --- p.4-3 / Chapter 4.3 --- Modified adaptive noise canceller --- p.4-7 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Principle of the ANC method --- p.4-8 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- LMS algorithm --- p.4-8 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- MANC method --- p.4-9 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Results --- p.4-10 / Chapter 4.4 --- Adaptive moving averager --- p.4-15 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Modified moving averager --- p.4-15 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Respiratory artefact elimination with adaptive MMA --- p.4-16 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Performance of the adaptive MMA filter --- p.4-16 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Results --- p.4-18 / Chapter 4.5 --- Adaptive FIR filter Design --- p.4-22 / Chapter 4.5.1 --- Introduction --- p.4-22 / Chapter 4.5.2 --- Adaptive FIR filter --- p.4-23 / Chapter 4.5.3 --- Results and discussions --- p.4-24 / Chapter 4.6 --- Simultaneously monitoring respiratory and pulmonary circulation- An application of TIS --- p.4-30 / Chapter 4.7 --- Comparisons of the proposed filter schemes --- p.4-33 / Chapter 4.7.1 --- Performance of the filters --- p.4-33 / Chapter 4.7.2 --- Computational complexity and reduced schemes --- p.4-34 / Chapter 4.8 --- Conclusions --- p.4-37 / Chapter 4.9 --- Notes on publications --- p.4-37 / Chapter CHAPTER 5 --- MODELING ANALYSIS OF THE RHEOPNEUMOGRAM / Chapter 5.1 --- Introduction --- p.5-1 / Chapter 5.2 --- Pulmonary circulation modeling --- p.5-2 / Chapter 5.3 --- Model deduction --- p.5-4 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Pressure-flow in arteries and veins --- p.5-4 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- The two-chamber model and the EIR model --- p.5-5 / Chapter 5.4 --- Parameter estimation --- p.5-8 / Chapter 5.4.1 --- The fitting function and the parameter equations --- p.5-8 / Chapter 5.4.2 --- Curve fitting --- p.5-10 / Chapter 5.4.3 --- Solution of the parameter equations --- p.5-11 / Chapter 5.5 --- Study of the model parameter sensitivity --- p.5-12 / Chapter 5.6 --- Results --- p.5-13 / Chapter 5.7 --- Conclusion --- p.5-17 / Chapter 5.8 --- Notes on publications --- p.5-17 / Chapter CHAPTER 6 --- ANIMAL EXPERIMENTS AND CLINICAL OBSERVATIONS / Chapter 6.1 --- Introduction --- p.6-1 / Chapter 6.2 --- Animal experiments --- p.6-2 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- Methods --- p.6-2 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Occlusion of the right pulmonary arterial blood flow --- p.6-3 / Chapter 6.2.3 --- Reflection waves in rheopneumogram --- p.6-4 / Chapter 6.3 --- Clinical observations --- p.6-4 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Mitral valve stenosis --- p.6-5 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Obstructive emphysema --- p.6-7 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusion remarks --- p.6-8 / Chapter 6.5 --- Notes on publications --- p.6-9 / Chapter CHAPTER 7 --- RECAPITULATION AND TOPICS FOR FUTURE INVESTIGATION / Chapter 7.1 --- Recapitulation --- p.7-1 / Chapter 7.2 --- Conclusions --- p.7-3 / Chapter 7.3 --- Topics for future investigation --- p.7-4 / Chapter 7.4 --- Applications of the EIR technique --- p.7-5 / REFERENCES / APPENDICES / Chapter A. --- A circuit diagram of the four-electrode system --- p.A-l / Chapter B. --- NISA/EMAG (A SOFTWARE PACKAGE OF FEM) --- p.A-2 / Chapter C. --- LMS algorithm --- p.A-3 / Chapter D. --- Curve fitting --- p.A-5 / Chapter E. --- List of publications --- p.A-8

A hipertensão arterial pulmonar idiopática é uma doença que acomete os vasos arteriais pulmonares, determinando o aumento da resistência vascular pulmonar levando à deterioração hemodinâmica. Avaliamos se a distensibilidade da artéria pulmonar avaliada pela ressonância magnética se correlaciona à resposta ao teste agudo com vasodilatador em pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar. Houve diferença significativa de distensibilidade da artéria pulmonar em pacientes respondedores e não-respondedores. Após a análise dos dados por uma curva ROC, a distensibilidade de 10% distinguiu a população de respondedores de não-respondedores com 100% de sensibilidade e 56% de especificidade / Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, eventually leading to hemodynamic failure. We assessed whether pulmonary artery distensibility (evaluated by magnetic resonance) correlated with acute vasodilator test response. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of pulmonary artery distensibility in responders and non-responders. A ROC curve showed that 10% distensibility could discriminate responders from non-responders with 100%sensitivity and 56% specificity

A hipertensão arterial pulmonar idiopática é uma doença que acomete os vasos arteriais pulmonares, determinando o aumento da resistência vascular pulmonar levando à deterioração hemodinâmica. Avaliamos se a distensibilidade da artéria pulmonar avaliada pela ressonância magnética se correlaciona à resposta ao teste agudo com vasodilatador em pacientes com hipertensão pulmonar. Houve diferença significativa de distensibilidade da artéria pulmonar em pacientes respondedores e não-respondedores. Após a análise dos dados por uma curva ROC, a distensibilidade de 10% distinguiu a população de respondedores de não-respondedores com 100% de sensibilidade e 56% de especificidade / Pulmonary arterial hypertension is characterized by an increase in pulmonary vascular resistance, eventually leading to hemodynamic failure. We assessed whether pulmonary artery distensibility (evaluated by magnetic resonance) correlated with acute vasodilator test response. A statistically significant difference was found in terms of pulmonary artery distensibility in responders and non-responders. A ROC curve showed that 10% distensibility could discriminate responders from non-responders with 100%sensitivity and 56% specificity