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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Trocas gasosas e fluorescência da Clorofila A em plantas de trigo supridas com silício e infectadas por Pyricularia oryzae / Leaf Gas Exchange and Chlorophyll A Fluorescence in Wheat Plants Supplied with Silicon and Infected with Pyricularia oryzae

Pérez, Carlos Eduardo Aucique 25 March 2013 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:36:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 381629 bytes, checksum: ba2d77de1fafa6029bbd57e8ee35252d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-03-25 / Blast, caused by the fungus Pyricularia oryzae, has become an economically important disease in wheat. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of silicon (Si) on the photosynthetic gas exchange parameters (net CO 2 assimilation rate (A), stomatal conductance to water vapor (g s ), internal CO 2 concentration (C i ), and transpiration rate (E)) and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (maximum quantum quenching (F v /F m and F v '/F m '), photochemical (q P ) and nonphotochemical (NPQ) quenching coefficients and electron transport rate (ETR)) in wheat plants grown in a nutrient solution containing 0 (-Si) or 2 mM Si (+Si) and inoculated with P. oryzae. The leaf Si concentration significantly increased for the +Si plants compared to the - Si plants and contributed to a decrease in the severity of blast symptoms. For the inoculated +Si plants, A was significantly higher at 72 (14%), 96 (12%) and 120 (58%) hours after inoculation (hai) when compared with their inoculated -Si counterparts. The g s and E were significantly higher by 60 and 42% at 120 hai for the inoculated +Si plants compared with the inoculated -Si plants, respectively. Significant differences between non-inoculated and inoculated plants were observed from 48 to 120 hai for A, g s and E and from 48 to 96 hai for C i . For the inoculated +Si plants, significant differences of F v /F m between the -Si and +Si treatments occurred at 48, 96 and 120 hai and at 72, 96 and 120 hai of F v '/F m '. The values of F v /F m significantly decreased by 1, 3 and 5% at 48, 96 and 120 hai, respectively, in the -Si plants compared with the +Si plants. Significant decreases of 10, 11 and 22% at 72, 96 and 120 hai, respectively, were observed for F v '/F m ' in the -Si plants when compared with the +Si plants. Significant differences between the non-inoculated and inoculated plants occurred from 48 to 120 hai for F v /F m and F v '/F m ', respectively. For the inoculated plants, significant differences between the -Si and +Si treatments occurred at 96 hai for both q P and NPQ and 72 and 120 hai for ETR. Significant differences between the non-inoculated and inoculated plants occurred at 120 hai for q P and at 96 and 120 hai for ETR. The total chlorophyll content (a + b) and the chlorophyll a/b ratio significantly decreased for the -Si plants compared with the +Si plants. The results of this study clearly demonstrate that the severity of blast symptoms decreased in wheat plants supplied with Si. These plants also exhibited improved gas exchange performance and less dysfunctions at the photochemical level. / A brusone, causada pelo fungo Pyricularia oryzae, tornou-se uma doença economicamente importante no trigo. Este estudo teve como objetivo determinar o efeito do silício (Si) sobre os parâmetros das trocas gasosas (taxa de assimilação líquida de CO 2 (A), condutância estomática ao vapor de água (g s ), a concentração interna de CO 2 (C i ) e taxa de transpiração (E)) e parâmetros de fluorescência da clorofila (eficiencia quântica máxima do fotosistema II (F v /F m e F v '/F m '), fotoquímica (q P ) e coeficiente de extinção não-fotoquimico (NPQ) e a taxa de transporte de eletrons (TTE)) em plantas de trigo crescendas em recipiente com solução nutritiva contendo 0 ou 2 mM de silício (Si) e inoculadas com P. oryzae. A concentração foliar de Si incrementou-se significativamente para plantas, contribuindo à dismunição da severidade da brusone. Para plantas inoculadas com +Si, A foi significativamente maior a 72 (14%), 96 (12%) e 120 (58%) hai do que em suas contrapartes inoculadas. A g s e E foram significativamente maiores em 60 e 42%, respectivamente, às 120 hai para as plantas inoculadas +Si em comparação com as plantas inoculadas -Si. Diferenças significativas entre as plantas inoculadas e não inoculadas ocorreu entre as 48 a 120 hai para A, g s e E e entre as 48 a 96 hai para C i . Para as plantas inoculadas +Si, diferenças significativas para F v /F m entre os tratamentos Si e +Si foram encontradas às 48, 96 e 120 dai e às 72, 96 e 120 hai para F v '/ F m '. Os valores de F v /F m diminuiram significativamente em 1, 3 e 5%, respectivamente, aos 48, 96 e 120 hai para plantas -Si, em comparação com as plantas de +Si. Reduções significativas de 10, 11 e 22%, respectivamente, às 72, 96 e 120 hai para F v '/F m ' ocorreu para as plantas -Si, em comparação com as plantas +Si. Diferenças significativas entre as plantas inoculadas e não inoculadas ocorreu às 48 a 120 hai para F v /F m e F v '/F m '. Para as plantas inoculadas, diferenças significativas entre os tratamentos -Si e +Si ocorreu apenas às 96 hai para ambos q P e NPQ e às 72 e 120 hai para TTE. Diferenças significativas entre as plantas inoculadas e não inoculadas só ocorreu em 120 hai para q P e às 96 e 120 hai para TTE. A concentração de clorofila total (a + b), e a razão de clorofil a/b diminuiu significativamente para as plantas -Si, em comparação com as plantas de +Si. Os resultados deste estudo demonstraram claramente que a severidade da brusone diminuiu em plantas de trigo supridas com Si em paralelo a um melhor desempenho das trocas gasosas e menores perdas disfuncionais ao nível fotoquímico.

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