This thesis focuses on the detection of marble sculpture forgery made of cultured marble. Cultured marble is a mixture of marble dust, polyester and accelerators. Thus chemical analysis of cultured marble would give declined levels of calcium when compared to authentic sculptures. Since sample removal is a problem when dealing with archaeological heritage, the instrument used was portable X-Ray Fluorescence device which provides in situ analysis of the samples. Device has been used to analyze six authentic and four forgery sculptures. Seven of the sculptures were provided by Anatolian Civilizations Museum and three of them were provided by a sculpture workshop, Ak

The Menderes Massif forms a large metamorphic culmination in western Turkey &amp / #8211 / an extensional province where continental lithosphere has been stretching following Palaeogene crustal thickening. Northern sector of the Massif on the horst between G&ouml / rdes and Demirci Basins was chosen for structural analysis aimed to study the tectono-metamorphic evolution of the northern Menderes Massif. Within the study area, four groups of rocks are recognized: (1) the metamorphic rocks &amp / #8211 / orthogneisses and metasediments / (2) pegmatoids / (3) Neogene sedimentary rocks / and (4) Quaternary alluvial sediments. The tectono-metamorphic history of the region involves a regional metamorphism (M1) at upper-amphibolite-facies conditions, coeval with a top-tothe-NNE contractional D1 deformation during the northward backthrusting of Lycian Nappes (Eocene main Menderes metamorphism). Partial anatexis during the latest stages of the M1 was speculated to be the main mechanism for the formation of the migmatites and the granitic magma. Pegmatoid domes and dikes/sills formed during late increments of this phase. A second metamorphism (M2) and coeval top-to-the-NNE deformation (D2) took place during the Early Miocene exhumation of the metamorphic rocks along a presently low-angle normal fault in an extensional shear zone at presumably greenschist facies conditions during declining P-T conditions. The latest deformation phase (D3) is high-angle normal faulting due to N&amp / #8211 / S extension affecting western Anatolia. The E&amp / #8211 / W grabens dissecting the Massif into northern, central and southern submassifs are the result of this phase, commenced during Pliocene-Pleistocene and gave the western Anatolia much of its present-day shape. The evidence presented supports the idea of episodic two-stage extension in western Turkey.