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Comparative Analyses For The Central Asian Contribution To Anatolian Gene Pool With Reference To BalkansCaner Berkman, Ceren 01 September 2006 (has links) (PDF)
Around 1000 ya, Turkic language started to be introduced to Turkey and Azerbaijan
(Region of language replacement, RLR) in parallel with the migrations of Turkic
speaking nomadic groups from Central Asia. The Central Asian contribution to the
RLR was analyzed with four admixture methods considering different evolutionary
forces. Furthermore, the association between the Central Asian contribution and the
language replacement episode was estimated by comparatively analyzing the Central
Asian contribution to RLR and to their non-Turkic speaking neighbors.
In the present study, analyses revealed that Chikhi et al.&rsquo / s (2001) method represents
the closest estimates to the true Central Asian contributions. Based on this method, it
was observed that there were lower male (13%) than female (22%) contributions
from Central Asia to Anatolia, with wide ranges of confidence intervals. Lower
contribution, with respect to males, is to be explained by homogenization between
the males of the Balkans and those of Anatolia. In Azerbaijan this contribution was
18% in females and 32% in males.
Moreover, results pointed out that the Central Asian contribution in RLR can not be
totally attributed to the language replacement episode because similar, or even
higher, Central Asian contributions in northern and southern non-Turkic speaking
neighbors were observed. The presence of a 20% or more admixture proportion in
the RLR, and the presence of even higher contributions around the region, suggested
that language might not be replaced inaccordance with &ldquo / elite dominance model&rdquo / .
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Genetic Structure Analysis Of Honeybee Populations Based On MicrosatellitesBodur, Cagri 01 September 2005 (has links) (PDF)
We analyzed the genetic structures of 11 honeybee (Apis mellifera) populations from
Tü / rkiye and one population from Cyprus using 9 microsatellite loci. Average gene
diversity levels were found to change between 0,542 and 0,681. Heterozygosity levels,
mean number of alleles per population, presence of diagnostic alleles and pairwise FST
values confirmed the mitochondrial DNA finding that Anatolian honeybees belong to north
Mediterranean (C) lineage. We detected a very high level of genetic divergence among
populations of Tü / rkiye and Cyprus based on pairwise FST levels (between 0,0 and 0,2). Out
of 66 population pairs 52 were found to be genetically different significantly. This level of
significant differentiation has not been reported yet in any other study conducted on
European and African honeybee populations. High allelic ranges, and high divergence
indicate that Anatolia is a genetic centre for C lineage honeybees.
We suggest that certain precautions should be taken to limit or forbid introduction and trade
of Italian and Carniolan honeybees to Tü / rkiye and Cyprus in order to preserve genetic
resources formed in these territories in thousands of years. Effectivity at previously isolated
regions in Artvin, Ardahan and Kirklareli was confirmed by the high genetic differentiation
in honeybees of these regions. Genetically differentiated Karaburun and Cyprus honeybees
v
and geographical positions of the regions make these zones first candidates as new isolation
areas.
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