This thesis examines how cultural understandings are generated and transmitted in a Canadian multicultural teaching hospital. It explores how issues of 'culture' are addressed formally and informally in the experiences of patients and practitioners. Using the approach of an institutional ethnography, emphasis is placed upon informal strategies of cultural care as a taken-for-granted practice in clinical life. It illuminates how pressure to learn culturally sensitive care seeps into the fabric of daily clinical life, and how cultural practices are constructed within a complex set of organized social practices. / The study concludes that advocacy of multicultural policies, must consider the dominance of existing western health care paradigms. It advocates culturally responsive care as a parallel force that can collaborate with the regimes of formal health practices. It argues that providing effective health care to all segments of Canadian society requires structural changes in health education which need to address existing disjunctures between 'effective ideals' and ideological knowledge, in order that all are ensured optimum health care.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the secondary school principal in anglophone Quebec. A sample of eighteen experienced principals were interviewed in-depth about their role expectations, sources of role conflict, and their sense of ambiguity. / Role ambiguity appeared to be non-existent in the principalship. Expectations and conflicts were identified with regard to students, teachers, parents, community members, and principal's superiors. The principalship was clearly more a managerial than leadership role. Principals were responders to a series of problems and issues. They orchestrated responses. Instructional leadership was not a part of their role.

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The evolution of the religious phenomenon can be organized into five overlapping historico-religious stages based on an analysis of concrete verifiable achievements. It delineates the religious and educational paradigms of each societal evolutionary stage as it considers that what applies to a society as a whole applies also to its education. Education plays an important role in the evolution of the world, and is directly affected by the changes of the image which human beings have of themselves. Religious maturing does not only take place in society but is also an integral part of any individual process of human development. The analysis of the various stages of personal religious development shows the inclusive nature of the religious development in any human educational enterprise. The study of the societal and individual process of religious maturing with the analysis of the contemporary tapestry of education and religious education stand as the various elements needed to formulate a critique of the current Quebec's secondary one Protestant moral and religious education curriculum. The significant role of teachers as active and necessary agents of pupils' maturing process emerges from the evaluation of the present curriculum.

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This inquiry explores six Greek trilingual adults' perceptions about becoming and being trilingual. The six participants are "children of Bill 101", that is, as allophones (speakers of other languages than English and French) they were formally schooled in the French public school system. The participants received English instruction taught as a second language and attended Greek heritage language schools. I adopted a socio-cultural approach to learning, language and literacy and embraced the tenets of activity theory to describe the participants' development of culture and a trilingual identity. To understand how they came to develop cultural and linguistic skills in English, French and Greek, and describe themselves as trilinguals, I conducted 40 hours of in-depth and life-story interviews over three years. I aimed to access the participants' perceptions of their experiences 'growing up Greek' in Montreal, Quebec, their self-identification with the three languages and their perceptions of becoming and being trilingual. I examined their audio-recorded discussions by first transcribing them and searching for relevant vignettes and themes. These vignettes helped determine the larger contextual and personal factors that influenced and affected the participants' perceptions of the process of becoming and being trilingual. Lawrence-Lightfoot & Davis's concept of "portraiture" is a useful methodology to illustrate how trilingual adults present and negotiate their life worlds in the three languages and spaces---home, work, social and community events. The results of my inquiry suggest that the six "children of Bill 101" who are now Greek trilingual adults constructed their knowledge and their identities through their interactions with parents, relatives, teachers and peers within home, school, work, and diverse social contexts in both different and similar ways. Their actions are interwoven with issues of access, choice, identity, power and stat