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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Iterated Grid Search Algorithm on Unimodal Criteria

Kim, Jinhyo 02 June 1997 (has links)
The unimodality of a function seems a simple concept. But in the Euclidean space R^m, m=3,4,..., it is not easy to define. We have an easy tool to find the minimum point of a unimodal function. The goal of this project is to formalize and support distinctive strategies that typically guarantee convergence. Support is given both by analytic arguments and simulation study. Application is envisioned in low-dimensional but non-trivial problems. The convergence of the proposed iterated grid search algorithm is presented along with the results of particular application studies. It has been recognized that the derivative methods, such as the Newton-type method, are not entirely satisfactory, so a variety of other tools are being considered as alternatives. Many other tools have been rejected because of apparent manipulative difficulties. But in our current research, we focus on the simple algorithm and the guaranteed convergence for unimodal function to avoid the possible chaotic behavior of the function. Furthermore, in case the loss function to be optimized is not unimodal, we suggest a weaker condition: almost (noisy) unimodality, under which the iterated grid search finds an estimated optimum point. / Ph. D.
2

Mathematical modelling of image processing problems : theoretical studies and applications to joint registration and segmentation / Modélisation mathématique de problèmes relatifs au traitement d'images : étude théorique et applications aux méthodes conjointes de recalage et de segmentation

Debroux, Noémie 15 March 2018 (has links)
Dans cette thèse, nous nous proposons d'étudier et de traiter conjointement plusieurs problèmes phares en traitement d'images incluant le recalage d'images qui vise à apparier deux images via une transformation, la segmentation d'images dont le but est de délimiter les contours des objets présents au sein d'une image, et la décomposition d'images intimement liée au débruitage, partitionnant une image en une version plus régulière de celle-ci et sa partie complémentaire oscillante appelée texture, par des approches variationnelles locales et non locales. Les relations étroites existant entre ces différents problèmes motivent l'introduction de modèles conjoints dans lesquels chaque tâche aide les autres, surmontant ainsi certaines difficultés inhérentes au problème isolé. Le premier modèle proposé aborde la problématique de recalage d'images guidé par des résultats intermédiaires de segmentation préservant la topologie, dans un cadre variationnel. Un second modèle de segmentation et de recalage conjoint est introduit, étudié théoriquement et numériquement puis mis à l'épreuve à travers plusieurs simulations numériques. Le dernier modèle présenté tente de répondre à un besoin précis du CEREMA (Centre d'Études et d'Expertise sur les Risques, l'Environnement, la Mobilité et l'Aménagement) à savoir la détection automatique de fissures sur des images d'enrobés bitumineux. De part la complexité des images à traiter, une méthode conjointe de décomposition et de segmentation de structures fines est mise en place, puis justifiée théoriquement et numériquement, et enfin validée sur les images fournies. / In this thesis, we study and jointly address several important image processing problems including registration that aims at aligning images through a deformation, image segmentation whose goal consists in finding the edges delineating the objects inside an image, and image decomposition closely related to image denoising, and attempting to partition an image into a smoother version of it named cartoon and its complementary oscillatory part called texture, with both local and nonlocal variational approaches. The first proposed model addresses the topology-preserving segmentation-guided registration problem in a variational framework. A second joint segmentation and registration model is introduced, theoretically and numerically studied, then tested on various numerical simulations. The last model presented in this work tries to answer a more specific need expressed by the CEREMA (Centre of analysis and expertise on risks, environment, mobility and planning), namely automatic crack recovery detection on bituminous surface images. Due to the image complexity, a joint fine structure decomposition and segmentation model is proposed to deal with this problem. It is then theoretically and numerically justified and validated on the provided images.

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