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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Algumas consequências da Supergravidade

Costa, Ranieri Batista da 31 July 2015 (has links)
Submitted by Maike Costa (maiksebas@gmail.com) on 2016-03-15T12:00:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 537788 bytes, checksum: f4d2088488947fc0f778709eac62f92b (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T12:00:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 537788 bytes, checksum: f4d2088488947fc0f778709eac62f92b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-07-31 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Supersymmetry is a very useful tool for extending the Standard Model up to the grand unification scale, studying electoweak symmetry breaking and providing dark matter candidates. The presence of superpartners solves the problem of divergences, and changes the renormalization group equations in a way that allows gauge coupling unification. In a global supersymmetry the breaking scale is proportional to the vacuum energy, which makes it incompatible with the low value of the cosmological constant. Promoting SUSY to a local symmetry results in supergravity, which mandates existence of a spin-2 gravitational field, naturally integrates General Relativity and particle physics, and is required to adjust the potential and obtain a high breaking scale with low cosmological constant. This review work looks into models based on gravity-mediated supersymmetry breaking. These models allow a simpler hidden sector than their gauge-mediated or anomay-mediated counterparts. And the lightest supersymmetric particles, higgsino-like, could be detected once an electron-positron collider such as ILC is ready. / A supersimetria ´e uma ferramenta muito ´util para estender o Modelo Padr˜ao at´e a escala de grande unifica¸c˜ao, para estudar a quebra de simetria eletrofraca e prover candidatos a mat´eria escura. A presen¸ca dos superparceiros resolve o problema das divergˆencias, e altera as equa¸c˜oes do grupo de renormaliza¸c˜ao de modo a permitir a unifica¸c˜ao dos acoplamentos de gauge. A escala de quebra de uma supersimetria global ´e proporcional `a energia do v´acuo, o que a tornaria incompat´ıvel com o baixo valor da constante cosmol´ogica. A promo¸c˜ao de SUSY a uma simetria local resulta na supergravidade, que obriga a existˆencia do campo gravitacional com spin-2, integra naturalmente a Relatividade Geral e a f´ısica de part´ıculas, e ´e necess´aria para ajustar o potencial e obter alta escala de quebra com constante cosmol´ogica baixa. Este trabalho de revis˜ao aborda modelos baseados na quebra de supersimetria mediada por gravita¸c˜ao. Estes modelos aceitam um setor oculto mais simples que os modelos concorrentes mediados por gauge ou por anomalias. E as part´ıculas supersim´etricas mais leves, do tipo higgsino, podem ser detectadas quando um colisor el´etron-p´ositron como o ILC estiver pronto.

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