This thesis is both an empirical history of white women in Queensland colonialism and a theoretical history of colonialism and imperialism in the late nineteenth century. It is a feminist history which seeks to fill the gap in our understanding of white women and 'race' in the contact zone in Queensland in the nineteenth century. At this level the thesis restores historical agency to women and reveals women's history as a powerful alternative to traditional colonial histories. It also positions this Queensland history within a global discourse of critical imperial histories that has emerged over the past decade, seeking to understand how British imperialism and Queensland colonialism shaped and informed each other in a two way process. The central themes of the thesis are 'race' and gender. I examine the ways in which white women deploy imperial ideologies of 'race' in the contact zone to position themselves as white women. 'Race' and gender are explored through the ways in which white women negotiated, in their writing, their relationships with Indigenous people and Pacific Islanders on the frontier and in the contact zone. The white women whose texts are examined in this thesis engaged with 'race' difference in their autobiographical accounts and these accounts, on many levels, allow us to rethink colonial history. I argue that colonialism is paradoxical and that white women experienced this colonial paradox in their daily lives and negotiated it in their writing. The white women whose writing is studied here were decent people with good intentions. They were simultaneously humanitarians (to differing degrees) and colonists. They were dependant for their livelihoods upon a violent colonisation and yet they were sympathetic to the Aboriginal people they interacted with. Often they were silenced in their opinions on the violence they witnessed. Writing was a means of navigating these contradictions. White women were in a relatively powerless position in the contact zone and there was little they could do to mitigate the violence that they saw. The tensions that resulted from living in the colonial paradox on frontiers and in the contact zone, of being a colonists and humanitarians, and of living in an uncontrollable existential situation is expressed in the writing of these women. This history offers us a more holistic understanding of the complexity of colonialism in Australia.

The main objectives of this research were to determine the influence of bush identity on attitudes to mental health in rural Australia, what influence these attitudes have on service provision and utilisation, and what measures can be taken to improve attitudes to mental health and services in the bush. The research has included an extensive literature review of Australian historical and contemporary rural culture, the political economy of rural restructuring, rural mental health, as well as State and Federal policies and programmes for mental health care delivery. An ethnographic community study of “Ruraltown”, a rural centre in Queensland, was undertaken over a three-year period which involved semi-structured interviews, questionnaires, observations and community interaction. The results from the questionnaires and interviews in the community study indicate that attitudes to mental health in rural areas are influenced by bush identity, defined by reference to historical and current characteristics which include self-reliance, resilience, independence and stoicism. Social identity theories have been applied in this study to determine how the socialisation processes have incorporated these characteristics among the rural population, and rural males especially. In turn, these incorporated attributes and values have a direct impact on their attitudes to mental health and the willingness to seek help for problems of a psychological nature. Other aspects of rural life such as perceived lack of confidentiality and anonymity, fear of gossip, and isolation also impact on attitudes and the utilisation of mental health resources. Stigma is a significant barrier to recognition and acceptance of mental health issues. Hence, seeking help for mental health problems does not form part of the coping strategies for many in the bush. Mental health services, therefore, are not as readily accepted or utilised in rural Australia. Although some rural people do access mental health services, many more go on suffering with mental health problems rather than addressing them. Recommendations have been made to promote awareness and enhance education and attitudes to mental health, improve services and increase service utilisation. The study has also identified the problems facing mental health consumers in Ruraltown and some suggestions have been made to overcome these and assist in consumer empowerment.

"June 2002" / Bibliography: leaves 258-273. / xii, 299 leaves : ill., map ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / This thesis considers the feasibility of incorporating financial estimates on the non-market values of environmental impacts from the forest management of public sector forest organisations into a financial environmental reporting system. Estimates of non-market values are possible using techniques from environmental and resource economics such as the contingent valuation method, the travel cost method and choice modelling experiments. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, School of Commerce, 2002

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Includes amendments (8 p.) in pocket / Bibliography: leaves 306-331 / iv, 349 leaves, [34] leaves of plates : ill ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, 1988

Bibliography: leaves 252-277. / xviii, 277 leaves, [6] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Geology and Geophysics, 1997

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