Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2015. / Submitted by Tania Milca Carvalho Malheiros (tania@bce.unb.br) on 2015-11-25T14:15:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_HeiderMarconiGuedesMadureira.pdf: 5121422 bytes, checksum: c46aa43235067724c36f180036a158a7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Raquel Viana(raquelviana@bce.unb.br) on 2016-01-15T20:12:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_HeiderMarconiGuedesMadureira.pdf: 5121422 bytes, checksum: c46aa43235067724c36f180036a158a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-15T20:12:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_HeiderMarconiGuedesMadureira.pdf: 5121422 bytes, checksum: c46aa43235067724c36f180036a158a7 (MD5) / This work presents the study, design and measurement of RF circuits aiming communication applications. The need for flexible and reconfigurable RF hardware leads to the need of alternative transmitter architectures. In the center of this innovative architecture, there is the power oscillator. This circuit is composed of a power amplifier in a positive feedback loop so it oscillates. As the circuit under study is mainly composed of a power amplifier, a study on power amplifier is mandatory. Modern CMOS technologies impose difficulties in the efficient RF generation due to low breakdown voltages. In order to reduce the voltage stress on the transistors, waveform-engineering techniques are used leading to the use of class EF2. The design and measurement of a class EF2 power amplifier and power oscillator are shown. The circuits were implemented in standard STMicroelectronics 0.13um CMOS. Correct behavior for the circuits was obtained in measurement, leading to a first implementation of class EF2 in RF frequencies. From a system perspective, the proposed architecture is shown to be flexible and able to generate different modulations without change in the hardware. Reconfigurability is shown not only in modulation but also in output power level. The limitations of this architecture are discussed and some mathematical modeling is presented. / Dans lère des systèmes de communication multi-standards, le besoin des circuits en radio fréquence (RF) flexibles et réconfigurables pousse l’industrie et l’academie à la recherche d’architectures alternatives d’émetteurs et récepteurs RF. Dans cette thèse, nous nous intéréssons aux émetteurs RF fléxibles. Nous présentons une architecture basée sur l’utilisation d’un oscillateur de puissance composé dt’un amplificateur de puissance dans une boucle de rétroaction positive. Pour des raisons de compatibilité avec des circuit numériques et dans le but de minimiser les coûts de fabrication, nous avons choisi la technologie CMOS. Ce choix impose des difficultés de concéption de circuits en RF à cause des faibles tensions de claquage. Cette contrainte de concéption nous a motivé à choisir la classe EF2 pour l’amplificateur de puissance afin de réduire le stress de tension sur les transistors. Nous présentons la concéption de cet amplificateur de puissance de classe EF2 ainsi que l’oscilateur de puissance. Nous validons cette architecture avec une implémentation en technologie CMOS 0.13um de STMicroelectronics. Nous démontrons le bon comportement par mesure et tests du circuit fabriqué. Ce circuit répond aux contraintes de fléxibilité de modulation et de puissance de sortie pouvant donc être utilisée pour différents standards de communications. Les limitations inhérentes de cette architecture sont discutées et une modélisation mathématique est présentée.

Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2015. / Submitted by Tania Milca Carvalho Malheiros (tania@bce.unb.br) on 2016-02-01T14:42:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_AnnitadeOliveiraPetrocchiRibas .pdf: 1074504 bytes, checksum: 58533254cb870707c878743ee4ef1440 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Patrícia Nunes da Silva(patricia@bce.unb.br) on 2016-02-02T11:40:41Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_AnnitadeOliveiraPetrocchiRibas .pdf: 1074504 bytes, checksum: 58533254cb870707c878743ee4ef1440 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-02T11:40:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_AnnitadeOliveiraPetrocchiRibas .pdf: 1074504 bytes, checksum: 58533254cb870707c878743ee4ef1440 (MD5) / Este trabalho tem como objetivo estudar e investigar sistemas de rádios cognitivos operando por meio de sensoriamento do espectro utilizando detecção de energia baseada em dois limiares de detecção em canais sob desvanecimento generalizado kappa-mu. Neste contexto, são obtidas formulações e analisada a capacidade do sistema proposto. Para isso, utilizam-se duas métricas: curvas ROC (do inglês Receiver Operating Characteristics} e AUC (do inglês Area Under the ROC curve). Nas curvas ROC é possível investigar a probabilidade de não detecção (Pm, do inglês missing probability) versus a probabilidade de falso alarme (Pf, do inglês false-alarm probability). Nesta dissertação, curvas ROC são obtidas para diferentes valores dos parâmetros físicos da distribuição kappa-mu considerando os modelos de um limiar de detecção e dois limiares de detecção por energia, e estas curvas são comparadas para demonstrar o efeito de ambos os esquemas. Além disso, é analisado o impacto da incerteza na estimação da potência do ruído e o impacto da implementação de técnicas de diversidade espacial na performance do detector de dois limiares. Para os cenários de detecção por dois limiares de energia, análises numéricas e medições de campo são utilizadas para demonstrar a flexibilidade do modelo proposto sob ambientes de desvanecimento kappa-mu e incerteza no ruído. Para a métrica da área sob as Curvas ROC, diferentes cenários considerando desvanecimento, incerteza do ruído e diversidade são investigados, de forma a demonstrar a capacidade global de detecção do sistema. / This work's objective is to study the double threshold spectrum-sensing energy detection model for kappa-mu fading channels. Theoretical formulas will be obtained and help to analyze the channel's capability behavior for the proposed model. In order to do that, the ROC (Receiver Operating Characteristics) curve will be explained and the AUC (Area Under the ROC Curve) will be used as a way of measuring the performance of the system. In the ROC curve, it is possible to obtain the probability of miss detection (Pm) versus the probability of false alarm (Pf). Physical parameters are set using the kappa-mu distribution to generate different ROC curves for the single and double threshold models. Then, the graphics are compared so that both models characteristics and performance are better explained. Also, the uncertainty on the noise power estimation and diversity techniques are analyzed when using the double threshold model. Different scenarios considering noise uncertainty and diversity are investigated. Theoretical simulations are performed to better compare the ROC curves for these different scenarios using the single and double threshold models and considering fading.