Benzene (C 6H6) is the simplest member of the aromatic hydrocarbon group of chemical compounds. Minute amounts of benzene are naturally released into the environment during volcanic eruptions and forest fires. This extremely stable aromatic compound is also an important industrial chemical and is an integral component of many petroleum products. In fact, benzene is amongst the top 20 in production volume for chemicals produced in the United States. Therefore, it is not surprising that the major reason for environmental contamination through benzene is by anthropogenic sources. Benzene is relatively soluble in water and migrates very quickly in the soil after its entry. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has classified benzene as a Class A carcinogen. Microorganisms play an integral role in the natural attenuation of benzene from the environment. Biodegradation of benzene by oxidation can occur under aerobic, anaerobic and microaerophilic conditions. Biooxidation of benzene under aerobic conditions is well-studied. However, oxygen is scarce in contaminated subsurface environments, and after the aerobic breakdown of benzene, oxygen is quickly depleted from the most heavily contaminated regions leading to the development of extensive anaerobic zones. As a result, there is increased focus on anaerobic benzene degradation as a potential bioremediation technique in anoxic subsurface environments. In aerobic and microaerophilic environments, monooxygenase and dioxygenase enzyme systems have been established to be involved in the breakdown of the benzene ring. However, the genes and enzymes involved in anaerobic benzene oxidation pathway are still unknown. In the present study, Dechloromonas aromatica strain RCB, capable of benzene oxidation with nitrate as the electron acceptor, was used as a model system to investigate the initial steps of the anaerobic benzene oxidation pathway. Strain RCB is capable of completely mineralizing benzene to carbon dioxide in denitrifying conditions. RNA-arbitrarily primed polymerase chain reaction (RAP-PCR), a differential gene expression technique used to randomly reverse-transcribe RNA into cDNA, was conducted to identify genes exclusively expressed during nitrate-dependent benzene oxidation. A total of seven genes were identified as differentially expressed in the presence of benzene using the RAP-PCR approach. Four differentially expressed genes were confirmed by a second method, semiquantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). Microarray analysis was the second expression analysis technique conducted to identify genes expressed during benzene-oxidizing conditions. Based on fold induction and potential function, six genes were selected from the microarray data and their differential expression was confirmed by using semiquantitative RT-PCR. Interestingly, Daro1556, encoding a hypothetical protein, was identified by both RAP-PCR and microarray analysis. In order to verify the functions of the genes (selected from RAP-PCR and microarray analysis) in nitrate-dependent benzene oxidation, six deletion mutants were constructed in which the target gene was replaced by a tetracycline cassette. The correct insertion of the tetracycline cassette in the mutant genome was confirmed by PCR and Southern blotting. Microarray results were further analyzed by using an unsupervised clustering approach, k-means. A couple of genes (Daro1358 and Daro1359) obtained from cluster analysis were also verified by semiquantitative RT-PCR. These two genes, part of the same operon, encode a two-component monooxygenase system, which is a member of the Rieske non-heme iron aromatic ring-hydroxylating oxygenase family of proteins. In the present investigation, for the first time, involvement of a monooxygenase system (Daro1358 and Daro1359) during benzene oxidation with nitrate reduction was observed. Based on the results obtained from k-means cluster analysis, a model was hypothesized for anaerobic benzene oxidation with nitrate as the electron acceptor in Dechloromonas aromatica strain RCB.

International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / Unmanned Telemetry Ground System (UTGS) was implemented in Defense System Test Center (DSTC), Agency for Defense Development (ADD). The components of UTGS are Antenna, NPS (Network Power Switch), RCB (Receiver/Combiner/Bit synchronizer) and microwave link. We have installed RCB which is composed of receiver, combiner and bit synchronizer. RCB can be controlled and monitored by RS232 serial communication and microwave network. NPS controls its power supplies. UTGS sends PCM stream to local site using E1-class HDSL and microwave link. This system is possible the signal acquisition and reduction of man power at remote site. The usability and performance of UTGS was proved in flight tests. This paper describes the hardware, software design and an implementation of UTGS.

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2017-03-10T13:26:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 jorgefelipebarbosamota.pdf: 2249566 bytes, checksum: 432c0da8b02f3dd942bb9fb9af4add75 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2017-03-13T18:36:13Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 jorgefelipebarbosamota.pdf: 2249566 bytes, checksum: 432c0da8b02f3dd942bb9fb9af4add75 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-13T18:36:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jorgefelipebarbosamota.pdf: 2249566 bytes, checksum: 432c0da8b02f3dd942bb9fb9af4add75 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-09-09 / As concessionárias de energia são obrigadas a aplicar parte de sua receita operacional líquida na execução de projetos de eficiência energética, de acordo com a Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL). O projeto do tipo baixa renda é parte desse portfólio de projetos possíveis e capta a maior parte dessa aplicação. Dessa forma, torna-se de suma importância a criação de uma metodologia para dimensionar os projetos dessa tipologia e direcionar as tomadas de decisões das concessionárias de energia do Brasil. Métodos de otimização bioinspirados tratam de problemas combinatórios e não lineares, caso do equacionamento matemático do cálculo da relação custo benefício de projetos de eficiência energética de tipologia baixa renda. O presente trabalho propõe a aplicação de dois métodos de otimização reconhecidos, a otimização por colônia de formigas, ou Ant Colony Optimization (ACO), e a otimização por enxame de partículas, ou Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), para calcular e otimizar a relação custo benefício de projetos de eficiência energética regulatórios do tipo baixa renda. Sendo assim, aplica métodos computacionais bioinspirados no dimensionamento dos projetos de eficiência energética, além de otimizar esses projetos, obtendo o melhor resultado operacional, do ponto de vista da eficiência energética, com o melhor custo para a sociedade. / The electricity utilities are required to invest part of its net operating income in the implementation of energy efficiency projects, according to the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL). The low-income type design is part of portfolio of possible projects and captures most of this application. Thus, it becomes very important to create a methodology to scale projects of this type and direct decision making of utilities in Brazil. Bioinspired optimization methods deal with combinatorial and nonlinear problems, if the mathematical equations for calculating the cost benefit rate of energy efficiency projects in low-income type. This paper proposes two recognized bioinspired optimization methods, the Ant Colony Optimization (ACO) and the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to calculate and optimize the cost effectiveness of energy efficiency regulatory projects, the low-income type. Thus, propose a scientific methods of sizing of the energy efficiency projects, while optimizing these projects, obtaining the best operating result, from the point of view of energy efficiency with the best cost to society.

Submitted by RODOLFO ESMARADY ROCHA DOS SANTOS (esmarady@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-09-13T14:59:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Rodolfo Esmarady Rocha dos Santos.pdf: 4337307 bytes, checksum: 1ff22a01eebe75138eb15230f51aa481 (MD5) / Rejected by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo • De acordo com a contagem das páginas seu trabalho deve com o número (21), após você precisa atualizar a numeração na ficha catalográfica, nas listas e no sumário. • As palavras-chave e keyword devem ser separadas entre si por ponto final e também finalizadas por ponto. (favor ver exemplo no template ou diretrizes) • Referências. A palavra Referências deve ser centralizada, e não conter numeração de seção; As referencias devem ser justificadas, espaço simples com um espaço simples(enter) entre elas. • Sobre a elaboração das referencias e citações favor solicitar ajuda com a bibliotecária Juciene (juciene@feg.unesp.br) Mais informações acesse o link: http://www2.feg.unesp.br/Home/Biblioteca21/diretrizes-2016.pdf Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-09-13T17:47:09Z (GMT) / Submitted by RODOLFO ESMARADY ROCHA DOS SANTOS (esmarady@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-09-14T18:39:56Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final_Rodolfo Esmarady Rocha dos Santos.pdf: 4339037 bytes, checksum: 1fe49e11c895d0d0fbeb9a2fd39824cf (MD5) / Rejected by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: É necessário rever suas referências, para tanto entre em contato com a bibliotecária Juciene (juciene.pedroso@unesp.br) para devidas correções Mais informações acesse o link: http://www2.feg.unesp.br/Home/Biblioteca21/diretrizes-2016.pdf Agradecemos a compreensão. . on 2018-09-14T20:02:42Z (GMT) / Submitted by RODOLFO ESMARADY ROCHA DOS SANTOS (esmarady@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-09-15T01:26:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_versão_f_Rodolfo Esmarady Rocha dos Santos.pdf: 4937602 bytes, checksum: d89a0e5cbb78c7f5a03c1c73a13d9155 (MD5) / Rejected by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize correções na submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: É necessário rever suas referências, para tanto entre em contato com a bibliotecária Juciene (juciene.pedroso@unesp.br) para devidas correções. Neste sentido, você deve enviar o arquivo de sua dissertação em que constam as referências para que ela possa te indicar o que deve corrigir de acordo com as normas da ABNT 6023 e ou agendar para tirar dúvidas pessoalmente com ela. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2018-09-17T14:54:26Z (GMT) / Submitted by RODOLFO ESMARADY ROCHA DOS SANTOS (esmarady@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-09-19T17:47:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese final_Rodolfo E R Santos.pdf: 4331564 bytes, checksum: dfd13fc66380afb68b3599c4528a5e4d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Pamella Benevides Gonçalves null (pamella@feg.unesp.br) on 2018-09-20T14:43:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_rer_dr_guara.pdf: 4331564 bytes, checksum: dfd13fc66380afb68b3599c4528a5e4d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-20T14:43:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 santos_rer_dr_guara.pdf: 4331564 bytes, checksum: dfd13fc66380afb68b3599c4528a5e4d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-20 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / O Programa de Eficiência Energética (PEE) das distribuidoras de energia elétrica é, atualmente, o principal mecanismo de destinação de recursos para a promoção do uso racional de energia no Brasil. Ao longo do período de 2000 a 2017, este instrumento proporcionou importantes alterações, como a implementação da Lei nº 12.212/2010, que determinou a aplicação da maior parcela dos recursos aos projetos de iluminação, troca de refrigeradores, reforma das instalações elétricas e aquecedores destinados a população de baixa renda. Neste contexto, para este estudo, foi desenvolvido um Software de Análise PEE responsável pela seleção das informações dos relatórios propostos e realizados do PEE, disponibilizado pela Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica (ANEEL), possibilitando o acesso às informações relevantes contidas nos projetos. Em posse desses dados, foi possível determinar a economia de energia total de 3.190,12 GWh e redução de demanda na ponta de 1.168,05 MW para o período de análise abordado de 2009 a 2015, para os usos finais em iluminação e refrigeração. Na sequência do estudo, foi realizada uma avaliação sobre o impacto ambiental relacionado à redução de emissão de CO2, com a aplicação da metodologia proposta para o PEE da ANEEL, e pode-se verificar que foi evitada a emissão total de 1.244.457,02 tCO2 para o uso final em iluminação e 169.570,05 tCO2 para refrigeração (refrigerador), totalizando 1.414.027,07 tCO2 ao longo do período de 2009 a 2015. O foco principal desse estudo foi o desenvolvimento das novas Relações Custo-benefício (RCB) onde obteve-se para o uso final em iluminação uma RCB entre (0,10 a 0,18) para os cálculos tradicionais e RCB entre 0,08 a 0,17 adotando as Reduções Certificadas de Emissões (RCE) calculadas com a redução do CO2, demostrando que ambos resultados ficaram inferior ao máximo estabelecido pela ANEEL, proporcionando assim uma contribuição significativa para os demais projetos do PEE. Para o uso final em refrigeração os resultados apresentaram uma RCB tradicional entre 0,97 a 1,62 e, incrementando as RCEs, o resultado apresentou as RCBs entre 0,97 a 1,60. No caso do uso final em refrigeração ambos resultados superam o máximo estabelecido pela ANEEL, demostrando que a utilização deste uso final, isoladamente, não é viável para os projetos do PEE. E, por fim, foi possível desenvolver uma Usina Virtual Equivalente (UVE), adotando os custos reais médios das construções das Usinas Hidrelétricas (UHE) e de Pequenas Centrais Hidrelétricas (PCHs), e obtendo-se uma UVE de 77,27 MW de potência total, para os projetos analisados. No entanto, apesar das discussões ao redor desta temática, os projetos do PEE promovem melhorias relacionadas à demanda de energia e economia de energia elétrica para os consumidores dos usos finais abordados. Desse modo, foi de extrema importância acompanhar o desempenho energético destes projetos, nos quais foram identificados fatores que podem potencializar os resultados, de acordo com a região onde serão aplicados. Além disso, a economia de energia poderá contribuir com a Empresa de Planejamento Energético (EPE), que vem desenvolvendo trabalhos para incluir nos Planos Decenais de Expansão de Energia (PDE 2026) tais resultados, provenientes das ações de eficiência energética. / The Energy Efficiency Program (PEE) of energy distributors is currently the main mechanism for allocating resources for the advancement of rational energy use in Brazil. Over the period from 2000 to 2017, this tool has undergone important changes, such as the implementation of Law 12,212 / 2010, which has determined the application of most of the resources to lighting projects, fridge replacement, electrical and heaters installation aimed at a low-income population. In this context, a PEE Analysis Software was developed for this study, which was used to select information from PEE proposed and performed reports, provided by the National Electric Energy Agency (ANEEL), allowing access to the relevant information contained in the projects. Based on these data, it was possible to determine a total energy saving of 3,190.12 GWh and demand reduction at peak of 1,168.05 MW for the analysis period from 2009 to 2015. Following the study, it was conducted an assessment on the environmental impact related to CO2 emission reduction, with the application of the methodology proposed for the ANEEL PEE, and it can be verified a total emission of 1,244,457.02 tCO2 for the end use in illumination and 169,570.05 tCO2 for cooling (fridge), totalizing 1,414,027.07 tCO2 over the period from 2009 to 2015. The study main focus was the development of the new Cost-benefit Ratio (RCB), where an RCB between 0.10 and 0.18 was obtained for the end use in lighting for traditional calculations and RCB between 0.08 to 0.17 adopting the Certified Emissions Reductions (CERs) calculated with the reduction of CO2, proving that both results were lower than the maximum established by ANEEL, thus providing a significant contribution to the other SES projects. For the end use in cooling, the results presented a traditional RCB between 0.97 and 1.62 and, increasing the CERs, the result showed the RCBs between 0.97 and 1.60. In the case of end use in cooling, both results exceed the maximum set by ANEEL, demonstrating that the application of this end use, alone, is not feasible for the PEE projects. Finally, it was possible to develop an Equivalent Virtual Power Plant (UVE), adopting the average real costs of the Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) and Small Hydroelectric Power Plant (PCH) buildings, obtaining a UVE of 77.27 MW of total power, for the analyzed projects. However, in spite of the discussions around this issue, the PEE projects promote improvements related to the demand of energy and electricity saving for the consumers of the end uses addressed. Thus, it was extremely important to follow these projects energy performance, in which factors that could potentiate the results were identified, according to the region where they will be applied. In addition, energy savings can contribute to the Energy Planning Company (EPE), which has been developing works to include such results in the Energy Efficiency Actions in the Ten-Year Energy Expansion Plan (PDE 2026)

This master thesis is based on analyses of the Cypriot banking sector from 2010 to 2016. The aim is to describe the effects of the recent financial crisis in Cyprus to locally operating banks, to assess the assistance provided to Cypriot banks and especially to analyze the development of systemically important Cypriot banking institutions, namely the Bank of Cyprus Group, Cooperative Central Bank, Hellenic Bank and RCB Bank Ltd with emphasis on the most important banking institution in Cyprus. The work draws mainly from published financial results of the systemic banks and from the Central Bank of Cyprus representing the consolidated banking sector. Furthermore, for the purpose of this study was used the Eurostat database, EBA and the IMF periodicals, along with the websites of the credit rating agencies.