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A thin-lens beta-ray spectrometer has been modified for collection of beta-rays at the position of the ring focus. This has increased the gathering power/line width ratio from ∽ 0.12 to ∽0.8. The focusing properties of the instrument have been investigated for various geometries. Using the modified spectrometer, the decay scheme of Sb 125 - Te 125 has been investigated. The primary beta spectrum, photoelectron spectra and beta-gamma coincidence spectra have been measured. From conversion coefficient measurements, the following radiative transition multipolarities were determined (energies in kev): 176(E2+M1), 428(E2+M1), 464(E2), 602(E2+M1) and 638(E2). Five primary beta groups have been identified with end point energies of 626, 450, 307, 246 and 133 kev. Previously unobserved transitions of 76, 143, 219, 355, 540 and 640 kev have been identified. Based on all experimental evidence the following states of Te 125 with spin and parity assignments have been proposed: ground state (S1/2+), 36 kev (d₃/2+), 145 kev (h₁₁/₂-), 321 kev (9/2-), 464 kev (5/2+), 525 kev (11/2- or 9/2-), 540 kev (11/2- or 9/2-), 638 kev (5/2+) and 676 kev (spin and parity undetermined). / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

The nuclear energy levels of As⁷⁵ have been investigated through the study of the Se⁷⁵ decay scheme. The internal conversion spectrum as well as the photoelectron spectra (using bismuth and lead radiators) were measured with a modified thin lens magnetic spectrometer. A technique was developed for accurate determination of the transmission of the spectrometer in order to obtain the absolute conversion electron transition intensities. The gamma ray intensities were determined from the spectrum measured with a NaI(T1) scintillation spectrometer in conjunction with the results from the photoelectron spectra. From these measurements the absolute conversion coefficients for eight transitions were obtained. In addition coincidence techniques employing a slow- fast coincidence system (resolving time 10⁻⁷ sec) were used to measure gamma-gamma coincidences, conversion electron-gamma coincidences and gamma-gamma directional correlations. A one hundred channel kicksorter was used to facilitate accumulation of the data at the relatively low coincidence counting rates. Multipolarities of the following transitions were determined, (energies in kev), 97(E2); 121(El); 136(El); 199(M1+E2); 265(Ml,-0.12<δ(E2)<+0.07); 279(M1+E2, δ =-0.46 ±0.16); 304(E3) and 401(El). Also detected but for which multipolarities could not be determined was a 66 kev transition and a very weak 572 kev gamma transition. In addition the existence of a 24 kev and a 77 kev transition was inferred from the intensity measurements. An energy level diagram for As⁷⁵ has been constructed with the following energy levels and spin assignments, (energies in kev), 572 (7/2 +), 477 (?), 401 (5/2 +), 304 (9/2 +), 279 (5/2 -), 265 (3/2 -), 199 (1/2 -), 0 (3/2 -). It was concluded that the ground state of Se⁷⁵ has even parity. / Science, Faculty of / Physics and Astronomy, Department of / Graduate

Call number: LD2668 .T4 1955 S67 / Master of Science

In situ salinity, turbidity and temperature were measured at discrete depths and water samples for radioanalysis were simultaneously collected in the Columbia River Estuary using a specially designed instrument package. Particulate radioactivity was concentrated by filtration and the dissolved radioactivity by evaporation or ferric oxide bulk precipitation. Radioanalysis was by gamma-ray spectrometry and data reduction by computer. Chromium-51 was mostly dissolved and conservative in brackish water, while zinc-65 was mostly particulate and non-conservative. The intrusion of salt water into the estuary was seen to greatly increase the concentrations of particulate chromium-51, zinc-65 and scandium-46 near the bottom. The fall and rise in estuarine radioactivity levels were followed during an infrequent pause in Hanford reactor operations. Changes in radioactivity levels of up to three orders of magnitude were recorded at Astoria, Oregon, some 380 miles from the reactors. The pause in reactor operations enabled the determination of river flow times from the reactors to Astoria. Flow times of 12 and 19 days were measured for average river discharges of 290,000 and 130,000 c.f.s., respectively. / Graduation date: 1967

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