Thesis (M.Ed. (Maximising Potential in Education and Training)) -- University of Pretoria, 2005. / Abstract and summary in English. Includes bibliographical references. Available on the Internet via the World Wide Web.

Thesis (M.S.)--Oregon State University, 2010. / Printout. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 45-50). Also available on the World Wide Web.

This dissertation addresses two problems dealing with detection sensitivity in radiology. First, is a 100-mm format adequate for displaying enhanced radiographic images in a photoelectronic imaging system and can the same format be used for permanent storage of these images? Second, what are the effects of training on the radiologist's sensitivity? Controlled 14-in. x 17-in. x-ray images were reduced to 100 mm to investigate which factors caused the decrement noted in the radiology literature. The 14-in. x 17-in. images used were generated from a 3M phantom. Three levels of kilovolt potential (80 kVp, 110 kVp, and 140 kVp) and two types of film (RPR and Cronex) were used to make the images. Twenty-four images, six for each of four quadrants, contained a simulated lung nodule and six contained no nodule. The 100-mm images were precisely controlled, miniaturized images of the above films. The task of the 16 non-radiologists was to decide if a simulated nodule was present or not. A signal detection experimental paradigm with a 10-point certainty scale was used for analysis. Correction for location was also implemented. For the first problem, results showed that kilovolt potential and film type interacted with the reduction procedure to change the direction of sensitivity (both in the positive and the negative directions) in the reduced format stimulus set, thereby indicating that the 100-mm format was not the main reason for reduced sensitivity noted in the literature. Our conclusion was that the 100-mm format would be suitable for image enhancement displays and for permanent hard copy in a photoelectronic radiologic imaging system. The second problem explores the effects of training on detection and sensitivity. The responses of the untrained observers to the 14-in. x 17-in. images were compared to previously gathered data of the staff and residents of the Arizona Health Sciences Center Radiology Department. Results indicated that the residents, even before formal training, were much better than the untrained observers, but well below the staff, in detection sensitivity. Within 6 months to a year later, they were equivalent to the staff. The main conclusion was that sensitivity does increase with training fairly rapidly and that the findings would be useful in designing further studies to investigate means to speed up or enhance the procedures used to train new radiologists.

Thesis (M.A.)--Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1993. / Vita. Abstract. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-51). Also available via the Internet.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Darbo tikslas - nustatyti ir įvertinti asmens svaikatos priežiūros įstaigų medicinos personalo (gydytojų radiologų ir radiologijos laborantų) informuotumą apie pacientų gaunamą apšvitą ir radiacinę saugą Vilniaus mieste. Tyrimo objektas – gydytojai radiologai ir radiologijos laborantai. Tyrimo metu buvo apklausti 140 respondentų iš 15 asmens sveikatos priežiūros įstaigų. Viso buvo apklausta 35 gydytojai radiologai (iš jų 15 vyrų ir 20 moterų) ir 105 radiologijos laborantai (iš jų 4 vyrai ir 101 moteris), o tai atitinkamai sudarė 25,0% ir 75,0%. Apklaustųjų amžius svyruoja nuo 23 iki 71 metų (vidurkis 47,43). Tyrimo tikslui ir uždaviniams pasiekti panaudotas aprašomasis tyrimo tipas bei anketinės apklausos metodas. Statistinė duomenų analizė atlikta naudojant SPSS 13 programos versiją. Pateikiamas rodiklių pasiskirstymas absoliučiais skaičiais ir procentais, apskaičiuotas chi kvadratas (Chi-kv.). Sirtumas statistiškai reikšmingas kai pasikliovimo lygmuo p<0,05. Atlikta mokslinių straipsnių, sveikatos sistemos teisinės ir normatyvinės medžiagos ir t.t., analizė. Gautos šios išvados: įvertinus bendrą žinių lygį tarp apklaustų respondentų, galima teigti, kad gydytojai radiologai ir radiologijos laborantai pakankamai gerai žino radiacinės saugos principus bei apšvitos keliamą pavojų. Tačiau atliktas tyrimas taip pat parodė, kad jiems vis dar trūksta žinių kai kuriais specifiniais klausimais, pavyzdžiui tokiais kaip tipinės efektinės dozės gaunamos atliekant įvairias procedūras... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Main task – to estimate and evaluate medical personnel’s of health care (doctors of radiology and radiology assistants) informativeness about receivable irradiance towards patients and radiational safety in city of Vilnius. Object of research - doctors of radiology and radiology assistants. During this research 140 respondents were questioned from 15 health care institutions. Overall 35 radiologists were questioned (15 men and 20 women), 105 radiology assistants (4 men and 101 women) and that’s accordingly 20, 0% and 75, 0%. Age variance of the respondents is from 23 up to 71 years old (average of 47.43 years old). Descriptive research type and survey was used in order to achieve the goals of this research. Statistical data analysis was performed by using SPSS program, version 13. The given distribution of index is in natural numbers and in percentage, Chi-square is counted (Chi-sq). Statistically the difference is meaningful when the level of probability is p<0,05. The analysis of science articles, law normative materials, health care systems, etc. was accomplished. The conclusion: after the evaluation of knowledge of the respondents it is clear that, doctors of radiology and radiology assistants have enough knowledge about radiational safety and dangers of irradiance. The research also revealed that they do not have enough knowledge concerning the specific topics, for example the doses that are received during variable procedures, the dependence of the dose, the observation... [to full text]

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

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Yes / This comprehensive review paper examines bone fracture detection techniques based on time-domain low-frequency and microwave radiofrequency (RF). Early and accurate diagnosis of bone fractures remains critical in healthcare, as it can significantly improve patient outcomes. This review focuses on the potential of low-frequency and microwave RF methods, particularly their combination and application of time-domain analysis for enhanced fracture detection. We begin by providing an overview of the fundamental concepts of RF techniques and then by examining biological tissues' dielectric properties. We then compare the advantages and limitations of various bone fracture detection techniques, such as low-frequency RF methods, microwave RF methods, ultrasonography, X-ray, and CT scans. The discussion then shifts to hybrid approaches that combine low-frequency and microwave techniques, emphasising the advantages of such combinations in fracture detection. Machine learning techniques, their applications in bone fracture detection, and the role of time-domain analysis in hybrid approaches are also investigated. Finally, we examine the accuracy and reliability of simulated models for bone fracture detection. We discuss recent advancements and future directions, such as novel sensor technologies, improved signal processing techniques, integration with medical imaging modalities, and personalised fracture detection approaches. This review aims to comprehensively understand the landscape and future potential of time-domain analysis in low-frequency and microwave RF techniques for bone fracture detection. / EU Horizon Europe H2020-MSCA-RISE-2022-2027 (ID: 101086492) and H2020-MSCA-RISE-2019-2024 (ID 872878), Marie Skłodowska-Curie, Research and Innovation Staff Exchange (RISE), and the financial support from the UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) under grant EP/ X039366/1.