International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 23-26, 2000 / Town & Country Hotel and Conference Center, San Diego, California / Range to an orbiting satellite from a ground reference point (ground station) can be determined by measuring the round trip time for a waveform transmitted to the satellite and returned to the ground station (Turnaround Ranging) and more recently by using the Global Positioning System (GPS). This paper first summarizes and compares the two approaches. The paper then describes and analyzes a new turn-around ranging system which uses a flexible ranging waveform that provides spectral compatibility with existing Military, NASA, and Commercial satellite uplink/downlink signals.