Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-12-15T11:36:30Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilson Lucas da Silva.pdf: 2177745 bytes, checksum: 8ddd96540058d803702c96da8515de2a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-12-15T11:36:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gilson Lucas da Silva.pdf: 2177745 bytes, checksum: 8ddd96540058d803702c96da8515de2a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-12-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The presence of certain aesthetic-literary characteristics in Senhora (1875), written by José de Alencar, confirmed to it, among the other novels of the Brazilian writer, a greater degree of complexity and importance, already considered by brazilian literary criticism. This dissertation seeks to investigate, in this area, the emerging realism in Brazilian romanticism in decline at the end of the XIX century. It's intended to answer the following question: Are there any possible indicators of realism in the romantic Alencariana narrative? A confrontation between divergent critical positions was established, whose testimonies of the authors Antonio Candido, Roberto Schwarz, João Luiz Lafetá, Dante Moreira Leite and others have already pointed out some indicators of a realistic writing present in Senhora. A critical-analytical approach has been chosen from the stylistic strategies of Alencariana discourse (ambiguity, irony, dissimulation) through which a specific way of narrating/describing the fictional world originally structured by the Alencariana narrator is manifested. Also the point of view of the characters-people was prioritized, considering the design of the French theorist Michel Zéraffa. However, it has been revealed to us that critical fortune does not prestige certain stylistic details constituent of the romanesque in Senhora, absent aspects that revealed a different reading of the novel. From this angle, we can deduce that the realism manifested in Alencar's novel can't be evaluated in the same proportions with which it was configured by brazilian realist fiction critical of the XIX and XX centuries. It was verified the presence of two ambivalent consciences, whose enunciations, of Aurélia Camargo and Fernando Seixas, configure, respectively, the tension between two ambivalent realities, one subjective and one objective, in the expression and polysemy that announce the passage from romantic society to realistic in the Alencariana novel / A presença de determinadas características estético-literárias em Senhora (1875), de José de Alencar, conferiu-lhe, entre os outros romances do escritor brasileiro, um grau de maior complexidade e importância, já considerados pela crítica literária brasileira. Esta dissertação objetiva investigar, neste domínio, o realismo emergente no romantismo brasileiro em declínio no final do século XIX. Procura-se responder ao questionamento seguinte: Há indicadores possíveis do realismo na narrativa romântica alencariana? Foi estabelecido um confronto entre posições críticas divergentes, em cujos depoimentos os autores Antonio Candido, Roberto Schwarz, João Luiz Lafetá, Dante Moreira Leite e outros já sinalizaram alguns indicadores de uma escritura realista presente em Senhora. Optou-se por uma abordagem crítico-analítica das estratégias estilísticas do discurso alencariano (ambiguidade, ironia, dissimulação) por meio das quais se manifesta um modo específico de narrar/descrever o mundo ficcional originalmente estruturado pelo narrador. Também priorizou-se o ponto de vista das personagens-pessoas, considerando a concepção do teórico francês Michel Zéraffa. Entretanto, foi-nos revelado que a fortuna crítica não tem prestigiado certos pormenores estilísticos constituintes do romanesco em Senhora, aspectos ausentes que desvelaram uma leitura diferenciada do romance. A partir desse ângulo, deduzimos que o realismo manifesto no romance de Alencar não pode ser avaliado nas mesmas proporções com as quais o configurou a crítica da ficção realista brasileira do século XIX e XX. Foi constatada a presença de duas consciências ambivalentes, cujas enunciações, de Aurélia Camargo e de Fernando Seixas, configuraram, respectivamente, a tensão entre duas realidades ambivalentes, uma subjetiva e outra objetiva, na expressão e polissemia que anunciam a passagem da sociedade romântica para a realista no romance alencariano

This thesis develops and refines a term used initially by Bill Buford to refer to works of contemporary realism. Dirty realism characterises a strain of realism first appearing in American and Canadian writing during the 1960s and increasing in prominence through the 1970s, 1980s, and early 1990s. The study focuses on the scholarship surrounding both the term and the works of particular authors, and applies the theories of Fredric Jameson and Michel de Certeau to develop a basic critical vocabulary for engaging the fiction and poetry of Charles Bukowski, Raymond Carver, Richard Ford, and Mark Anthony Jarman, as well as other writers treated with less intensity, such as David Adams Richards, Helen Potrebenko, Al Purdy, and Bobbie Anne Mason. In particular, the dissertation attempts to develop a critical terminology through which to discuss dirty realist texts. The most prominent of such terms, the "hypocrisy aesthetic," refers to dirty realism's aesthetic of contradiction, discursive variance, and offsetting of theory against practice. The chapters of the dissertation deal with the emergence of the hypocrisy aesthetic through a study of literary genealogy, history, and theory. The second chapter, "Dirty Realism: Genealogy," traces the development of major currents in twentieth-century American realism, particularly naturalism. Arguing for dirty realism as a variant of naturalism, the chapter traces the transmission of ideas concerning dialectics, determinism, and commodity production from Theodore Dreiser and Frank Norris, through James T. Farrell and John Steinbeck and ending with an extensive discussion of Charles Bukowski's Factotum. The third chapter, "Dirty Realism: History," addresses the impact of the Cold War on the development of dirty realism. Referring to major critics on the period, this section of the dissertation follows the development of hypocrisy as a form of discourse eventuated by Cold War contradictions, particularly between that of democratic freedoms proclaimed abroad and the atmosphere of suspicion and paranoia on the domestic scene (as—in the USA—in the HUAC hearings chaired by Senator Joseph McCarthy).

This thesis takes issue with Fredric Jameson’s suggestion that contemporary science fiction is sending back “more reliable information [about current political and economic organisation] than an exhausted realism” and it develops an alternative Marxist defense of contemporary realist fiction. Can realism's techniques adequately represent the complexity of contemporary political organization? The thesis presents readings of key realist texts — by Pat Barker, Maurice Gee, Kerstin Hensel, James Kelman and David Peace — testing their potential to produce the knowledge of history, industrial politics and the metropolis traditionally central to literary realism’s concerns. (For complete abstract open document).

Thesis (doctoral)--Uppsala universitet, 1988. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 279-309) and index.

Thesis (doctoral)--Uppsala universitet, 1988. / Summary in English. Includes bibliographical references (p. 279-309) and index.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 216-219). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 1996. / Typescript. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 216-219). Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 329-360).

Dissertation (Ph.D.)--The University of North Carolina at Greensboro, 2009. / Directed by Mary Ellis Gibson; submitted to the Dept. of English. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 5, 2010). Includes bibliographical references (p. 194-207).

This thesis explores and evaluates the work of James Joyce using the ideas of Friedrich Nietzsche. It does so not only by examining Joyce's knowledge of Nietzsche's writings, but also through demonstrating how effectively they can illuminate Joyce's themes and techniques, and aid in a general reconceptualisation of his literary project. My analysis draws on several of Nietzsche's key concepts - perspectivism, ressentiment, the will to power - and applies them to Joyce's work. The main idea I use however is the will to truth. I argue that Joyce's primary concern as an artist was the depiction of what he saw as the truth of contemporary existence, in Dublin and more generally. This aim determines his technē, the origin and form of his work of art. Various manifestations of irony, a key element of Joyce's technique, help illustrate the importance of this will to truth. This understanding of his work eliminates the false division between form and content and through an emphasis on Joyce's artistry and philosophy, rather than the historical context in which he wrote (that is, on the author rather than the man), allows for a truly critical assessment. The five chapters that follow my introduction are chronologically ordered. They examine the early works, Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, and especially Ulysses, in considerable detail and from various angles. Though careful to respect the individuality of each, my analyses find a common thread of realism uniting the three major works of prose fiction; beginning with the French naturalism of the short stories, moving on to a new development of perspectival irony and a unique mode of allegory in his first novel, and ending in what Joyce called 'the new realism' of his epic. My study then explains how and why realism is problematised in the later chapters of Ulysses as the will to truth comes to question itself. The thesis concludes with an assessment of Finnegans Wake, considering how it marks a radical departure from Joyce's earlier practice, and why I regard it a failure.