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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Cellular targets and immune modulatory function of adenosine A₂[A] and A₂[B] receptors in murine lung /

Cagnina, Rebecca Elaine. January 2008 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Virginia, 2008. / In title: [A] is subscript upper case A; [B] is subscript upper case B. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online through Digital Dissertations.
2

The modulation of CD4⁺ T lymphocyte activity by adenosine A₂[A] receptor activation /

Lappas, Courtney Marcia. January 2006 (has links)
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Virginia, 2006. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available online through Digital Dissertations.
3

Antagonismo do receptor da adenosina A2a: Nova perspectiva para o tratamento da doenÃa de Parkinson / Adenosine A2A receptor antagonists: a new alternative for parkinson disease treatment.

Lissiana Magna Vasconcelos Aguiar 13 February 2009 (has links)
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / A doenÃa de Parkinson (DP) à uma desordem neurodegenerativa, caracterizada pela destruiÃÃo dos neurÃnios nigroestriatais dopaminÃrgicos. O tratamento atual para esta doenÃa està restrito ao alÃvio sintomÃtico, porque atà o presente momento nÃo existem agentes capazes de inibir a degeneraÃÃo neuronal. Existem evidÃncias experimentais de que antagonistas de receptores A2A da adenosina poderiam ser Ãteis no tratamento de DP. Com a finalidade de investigar essa possibilidade, o presente trabalho demonstrou os efeitos da cafeÃna e do CSC (8-(3-chlorostyryl caffeine) no comportamento rotacional e nas alteraÃÃes neuroquÃmicas em ratos lesionados com 6-OHDA, como modelo da doenÃa de Parkinson. Os animais (ratos Wistar machos, 250-280g) foram tratados com cafeÃna (10 e 20 mg/kg, i.p.) diariamente durante 14 dias, iniciando 1h apÃs a lesÃo ou 7 dias, iniciando seis dias apÃs a lesÃo com 6-OHDA ou com CSC (1 e 5 mg/kg, i.p.) diariamente durante 7 dias, iniciando 6 dias apÃs a lesÃo com 6-OHDA, sozinho ou associado com L-DOPA (CSC 1 mg/kg, i.p. + L-DOPA 50mg/kg + Benzerazida 12,5 mg/kg, i.p.). Os resultados mostraram que houve um aumento significativo do nÃmero de rotaÃÃes induzidas por apomorfina nos animais lesionados com 6-OHDA (50 vezes) quando comparados aos animais falso operados. O tratamento com cafeÃna, principalmente durante 14 dias e o tratamento com CSC produziram uma recuperaÃÃo motora parcial com reduÃÃo do nÃmero de rotaÃÃes. A 6-OHDA provocou morte neuronal evidenciada pela reduÃÃo dos nÃveis de monoaminas (75-85%) quando comparadas ao lado contralateral. Nos grupos tratados com cafeÃna ou CSC sozinho ou associado com L-DOPA a reduÃÃo dos nÃveis de DA, 5HT e seus metabÃlitos foi menor. As concentraÃÃes dos aminoÃcidos glutamato e GABA foram significativamente aumentadas (3,8 e 3 vezes, respectivamente) no estriado de ratos lesionados. O CSC reverteu essas alteraÃÃes significativamente e foi observada uma potencializaÃÃo desses efeitos na associaÃÃo com L-DOPA. Os experimentos in vitro demonstraram que a cafeÃna e o CSC apresentaram um forte efeito neuroprotetor nas cÃlulas mesencefÃlicas de rato expostas a 6-OHDA. O tratamento com CSC ou cafeÃna aumentou significativamente o nÃmero de cÃlulas viÃveis apÃs a exposiÃÃo das cÃlulas a 6-OHDA, como foi demonstrado pelo teste do MTT. A exposiÃÃo das cÃlulas mesencefÃlicas a 6-OHDA aumentou os conteÃdos de nitrito e a peroxidaÃÃo lipÃdica, que retornaram a concentraÃÃes normais apÃs tratamento com CSC ou cafeÃna. AlÃm disso, a 6-OHDA reduziu o nÃmero de cÃlulas normais e aumentou o nÃmero de cÃlulas apoptÃticas e o tratamento com CSC ou cafeÃna reverteu esses efeitos da 6-OHDA, promovendo aumento do nÃmero de cÃlulas viÃveis e reduÃÃo do nÃmero de cÃlulas apoptÃticas. Houve uma reduÃÃo do nÃmero de microglias ativadas apÃs a exposiÃÃo das cÃlulas a cafeÃna e a 6-OHDA, o mesmo nÃo ocorreu apÃs a exposiÃÃo das cÃlulas ao CSC e a 6-OHDA. O tratamento com cafeÃna reduziu o aumento do nÃmero de astrÃcitos reativos induzidos pela 6-OHDA, enquanto o CSC nÃo apresentou esse efeito. Esses resultados mostraram que ambos, a cafeÃna e o CSC apresentaram aÃÃes neuroprotetoras em cÃlulas mesencefÃlicas de rato expostas a 6-OHDA. O presente trabalho mostrou que a cafeÃna e o CSC reverteram Ãs alteraÃÃes comportamentais e neuroquÃmicas da 6-OHDA, apresentando efeitos possivelmente benÃficos no tratamento da DP. / Parkinson disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Antagonists of the A2A subtype of adenosine receptor have emerged as a target for nondopaminergic antiparkinsonian agents. The present work showed the effects of caffeine and 8-(-3-chlorostyryl)-caffeine (CSC), A2A receptors antagonists, on behavior and biochemical alterations in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, as a model of PD. Animals (male Wistar rats, 260-280 g) were injected daily with caffeine (10 and 20 mg/kg,i.p., 1h after 6-OHDA lesion for 14 days or six days after 6-OHDA lesion for 7 days), or CSC (1 and 5 mg/kg, i.p., 1h after 6-OHDA lesion for 7 days) alone or associated with L-DOPA (CSC 1 mg/kg, i.p. + L-DOPA 50mg/kg + Benzerazida 12,5 mg/kg, i.p., six days after 6-OHDA lesion for 7 days). Fourteen days after 6-OHDA, the animalsâ behavior was assessed by monitoring body rotations induced by apomorphine (3 mg/kg, i.p.). The results showed that the drastic increase in body rotation, induced by the 6-OHDA lesion, after the apomorphine challenge, was significantly (50 times) and dose-dependently reversed by CSC or caffeine. The decreased striatal levels of DA and metabolites, in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rats (75-85%), were blocked after caffeine or CSC alone or in association with L-DOPA treatment as well as the concentrations of NE, 5-HT and 5-HIAA. These effects were potentiated in 6-OHDA-lesioned animals treated with the association of CSC and L-DOPA. Concentrations of the amino acids glutamate and GABA were significantly increased (3.8 and 3 times, respectively) in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rat striatum. Similarly, CSC also reversed these alterations significantly. We also demonstrated protective effects against 6-OHDA-induced cytotoxicity in rat mesencephalic cells. Caffeine or CSC significantly increased the number of viable cells after their exposure to 6-OHDA, as measured by the MTT assay. While nitrite levels and lipid peroxidation in the cells were drastically increased by 6-OHDA, its concentration was brought toward normality after caffeine or CSC. 6-OHDA decreased the number of normal cells while increasing the number of apoptotic cells. Caffeine or CSC, significantly recovered the number of viable cells, and decreased the number of apoptotic cells, as compared to the group treated with 6-OHDA alone. Interestingly, while a significant lower number of activated microglia was seen after cells exposure to caffeine plus 6-OHDA, this was not the case after cells exposure to CSC plus 6-OHDA. While caffeine lowered the percentage of reactive astrocytes increased by 6-OHDA, CSC showed not effect. These results showed a strong neuroptrotection afforded by caffeine or CSC on rat mesencephalic cells exposed to 6-OHDA. In conclusion, we showed that CSC or caffeine reversed behavior and biochemical alterations, observed in the 6-OHDA-lesioned rats, pointing out to the potential benefit of A2A receptors antagonists as non-dopaminergic therapeutic targets for the treatment of PD.

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