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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Biophysics underlying bistable neurons with branching dendrites

Kim, Hojeong Unknown Date
No description available.
2

Biophysics underlying bistable neurons with branching dendrites

Kim, Hojeong 06 1900 (has links)
The goal of this thesis is to investigate the biophysical basis underlying the nonlinear relationship between firing response and current stimulation in single motor neurons. After reviewing the relevant motoneuron physiology and theories that describe complex dendritic signaling properties, I hypothesize that at least five passive electrical properties must be considered to better understand the physiological input-output properties of motor neurons in vivo: input resistance, system time constant, and three signal propagation properties between the soma and dendrites that depend on the signal direction (i.e. soma to dendrites or vice versa) and type (i.e. direct (DC) or alternating (AC) current). To test my hypothesis, I begin with characterizing the signal propagation of the dendrites, by directly measuring voltage attenuations along the path of dendrites of the type-identified anatomical neuron models. Based on this characterization of dendritic signaling, I develop the novel realistic reduced modeling approach by which the complex geometry and passive electrical properties of anatomically reconstructed dendrites can be analytically mapped into simple two-compartment modeling domain without any restrictive assumptions. Combining mathematical analysis and computer simulations of my new reduced model, I show how individual biophysical properties (system input resistance, time constant and dendritic signaling) contribute to the local excitability of the dendrites, which plays an essential role in activating the plateau generating membrane mechanisms and subsequent nonlinear input-output relations in a single neuron. The biophysical theories and computer simulations in this thesis are primarily applied to motor neurons that compose the motor neuron pool for control of movement. However, the general features of the new reduced neuron modeling approach and important insights into neuronal computations are not limited to this area. My findings can be extended to other areas including artificial neural networks consisting of single compartment processors. / Medical Sciences – Biomedical Engineering
3

Modélisation réduite de la pile à combustible en vue de la surveillance et du diagnostic par spectroscopie d'impédance / Reduced modeling of PEM Fuel cell with the aim of supervision and diagnosis by impedance spectroscopy

Safa, Mohamad 24 October 2012 (has links)
Cette thèse porte sur la modélisation des piles à combustible à membrane d'échange de protons (PEMFC), en vue de leur surveillance et de leur diagnostic par spectroscopie d'impédance. La première partie du document présente le principe de fonctionnement de ces piles, ainsi que l'état de l'art de la modélisation et des méthodes de surveillance et diagnostic. Le modèle physique multi échelle particulièrement détaillé publié en 2005 par A.A. Franco sert de point de départ. Il est simplifié de façon à aboutir à un système d'équations aux dérivées partielles en une unique dimension spatiale. L'objectif principal de la seconde partie est l'analyse harmonique du fonctionnement de la pile. En s'inspirant de travaux classiques sur l'analyse géométrique de réseaux de réactions électrochimiques, un modèle réduit compatible avec la thermodynamique est obtenu. Cette classe de systèmes dynamiques permet de déterminer, pour un tel réseau, une formule analytique de l'impédance de l'anode et de la cathode d'une pile PEMFC. Un modèle complet de la pile est obtenu en connectant ces éléments à des éléments représentant la membrane, les couches diffuses et les couches de diffusion des gaz. Les modèles précédents supposent la pile représentée par une cellule unique et homogène. Afin de permettre d'en décrire les hétérogénéités spatiales, nous proposons finalement un résultat de modélisation réduite d'un réseau de cellules représentées par leur impédance. Ce modèle approxime l'impédance globale du réseau par une "cellule moyenne", connectée à deux cellules "série" et "parallèle" représentatives d'écart par rapport à la moyenne. / This PhD thesis focuses on reduced modeling of PEM fuel cell for supervision and diagnosis by impedance spectroscopy. The first part of the document presents the principle of the PEM fuel cell, as well as the state of the art of modeling and of the methods for supervision and diagnosis. The multiscale dynamic model published in 2005 by A.A. Franco is particularly detailed and serves as a starting point. It is simplified, in order to obtain a system of partial differential equations in a single spatial dimension. The second part is devoted to harmonic analysis of the PEM Fuel cell. Inspired by classical work on the geometric analysis of electrochemical reactions networks, a model compatible with thermodynamics is obtained. This class of dynamic systems allows establishing, for such a network, an analytical formula of the impedance of the anode and the cathode of the PEM fuel cell. A complete model of the cell is obtained by connecting these elements to the membrane, diffuse layers and gas diffusion layer. The previous models assumed the PEM Fuel cell represented by a single, homogeneous, cell. In order to describe the possible spatial heterogeneities, we finally propose a result of reduced modeling for the impedance of a cell network. This model approximates the overall impedance of the network by a "mean cell", connected to two cells, put in "serial" and "parallel", and representative of the deviations from the average.

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