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Submitted by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-12-08T07:46:47Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Freire de Oliveira - 2015.pdf: 1336117 bytes, checksum: d7d9a7965dc7492a12ce5fcb44c65555 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2015-12-08T07:48:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Freire de Oliveira - 2015.pdf: 1336117 bytes, checksum: d7d9a7965dc7492a12ce5fcb44c65555 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-08T07:48:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Letícia Freire de Oliveira - 2015.pdf: 1336117 bytes, checksum: d7d9a7965dc7492a12ce5fcb44c65555 (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-07 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The peach palm is a native Palm from humid tropics of the Amazon, used for the production of palm raw or pickled, becoming an important alternative to reduction of predatory exploitation of other palms. The sheath, external, middle and internal, that involve the noble party, called palm or palmetto, are not used during the plicked of palm processing, yielding tons of waste, and the production of flour, is an excellent alternative to the use of these. This research, therefore, aimed the physical, chemical, technological and toxicological study, of the waste sheaths flour, external, middle and internal, peach palm (PF). The flour has a low moisture content (4.74%), proteins (5.03 g(100g)-1), lipids (2.12 g(100g)-1), soluble dietary fiber (3.40 g(100g)-1), ash (4.69 g(100g)-1) and high content of insoluble dietary fiber (49,53 g(100g)-1). Regarding water absorption, milk and oil, the flour had good absorption capacity. The flour showed low acidity (1.36%), clear and attractive coloring, and the particle size was presented between fine and very fine. It was noted, also, high amount of resistant starch (20%) and the presence of reducing sugars as fructose (6.70 g(100g)-1) and glucose (7.50 g(100g)-1). The most significant amino acid were glutamic acid (392.63 mg(100g)-1), arginine (363.76 mg(100g)-1), aspartic acid (348.93 mg(100g)-1). The PF and waste sheaths, external, middle and internal, fresh, of peach palm (WP) showed low amounts of phytic acid, condensed tannins and hydrolysates. The PF showed 100% of protein digestibility, and the lyophilized aqueous extract of waste sheaths flour, external, middle and internal of peach palm (PE), showed low toxicity. The results of this research suggest that the PF can be used in bakery products such as breads, cookies and cakes, besides the application in meat products, milk drinks, cheese, among others, contributing, nutritionally, in addition or partial replacement of flour wheat in processed foods, without to reduce the bioavailability of nutrients, representing too, toxicological safety, due to the absence of toxic compounds in PE. / A pupunheira é uma palmeira nativa dos trópicos úmidos da Amazônia, utilizada para a produção de palmito in natura ou em conserva, tornando-se uma importante alternativa para a redução da exploração predatória de outras palmeiras. As bainhas, externa, mediana e interna, que envolvem a parte nobre, denominada palmito, não são aproveitadas durante o processamento do palmito em conserva, gerando toneladas de resíduos, sendo, a produção de farinha, excelente alternativa para o aproveitamento desses. Este trabalho, portanto, teve como objetivo o estudo físico, químico, tecnológico e toxicológico, da farinha das bainhas residuais, externa, mediana e interna, da pupunha (FP). A farinha obtida possui baixo teor de umidade (4,74%), proteínas (5,03 g(100g)-1), lipídios (2,12 g(100g)-1), fibra alimentar solúvel (3,40 g(100g)-1), cinzas (4,69 g(100g)-1) e alta quantidade de fibra alimentar insolúvel (49,53 g(100g)-1). Em relação à absorção em água, leite e óleo, a farinha apresentou boa capacidade de absorção. A farinha apresentou baixa acidez (1,36%), coloração clara e atrativa, e a granulometria apresentou-se entre fina e muito fina. Notou-se, também, alta quantidade de amido resistente (20%) e a presença de açúcares redutores como, frutose (6,70 g(100g)-1) e glicose (7,50 g(100g)-1). Os aminoácidos mais expressivos foram o ácido glutâmico (392,63 mg(100g)-1) arginina (363,76 mg(100g)-1) e ácido aspártico (348,93 mg(100g)-1). A FP e as bainhas residuais, externas, medianas e internas, in natura, do palmito de pupunha (PN), apresentaram baixa quantidade de ácido fítico, taninos condensados e hidrolisados. A FP apresentou 100 % de digestibilidade de proteína, e o extrato aquoso liofilizado da farinha das bainhas residuais, externa, mediana e internas da pupunheira (EP), apresentou baixa toxicidade. Os resultados deste estudo sugerem que a FP pode ser empregada em produtos de panificação, como pães, biscoitos e bolos, além da aplicação em produtos cárneos, bebidas lácteas, queijos, entre outros, contribuindo, nutricionalmente, na adição ou substituição parcial à farinha de trigo, em alimentos industrializados, sem que haja redução da biodisponibilidade de nutrientes, representando também, segurança toxicológica, devido à ausência de compostos tóxicos no EP.

Diploma thesis is focused on the chemical analysis of the juices of black, red and white currant and jostaberry (Ribes a Ribes x culverwellii). The theoretical part is focused to the definition of fruit, fruit importance in human nutrition, description of Ribes and Ribes x culverwellii genuses, active substances in the currants and the jostaberry, description of selected chemical parameters and the determination of some of them. The procedures of determining for the following chemical parameters are described in the experimental section: determination of reducing sugars, determination of total and soluble solids, formol number, pH, titratable acidity, determination of total phenols and anthocyanins and determination of vitamin C in two samples jostaberry, six varieties of black currants, one variety of white currant and two varieties of red currants. Based on the evaluation of the obtained results, the comparison was made with different varieties and the thesis that "overall comparison of the different varieties in the content of phenolic compounds, vitamin C and anthocyanins appears to be the most promising variety of blackcurrant demon. It should however be noted that the highest content of phenolics and anthocyanins were determined in jostaberry„ has been suggested.