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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Terrorisme et sociologie politique de l'International / Terrorism and sociology politic of the International

El Mossadak, Ahmed 03 April 2011 (has links)
Le Terrorisme est devenu le mal du système-monde moderne. Comment repenser l’acte du terrorisme est devenue une question pressante, surtout quand l’incompréhension est dominante sinon triomphante. D’où, la nécessité d’étudier l’acte terroriste, de le comprendre loin des idées reçues et des sentiers battus. La politique américaine a axé son ordre de priorité sur la guerre contre le terrorisme, au point d’élever la raison sécuritaire à un nouveau paradigme des relations internationales. Les politiques sécuritaires américaines ont entraîné dans la foulée une mise sous tutelle sans précédent des libertés publiques sur le territoire américain (USA Patriot Act, Projet Patriot Act II, Homeland Security Act, National Strategy of Security…) comme la mise en place d’un véritable état d’exception international: Camp Guantanamo, Abou Gharib, transferts extrajudiciaires des terroristes, prisons secrètes. Ce qui provoque des réactions de rejets et d’oppositions. En effet, si Les Etats de l’Union européenne n’ont pas adhéré du premier coup à la logique antiterroriste américaine, ils finiront par s’aligner sur la politique anti-terroriste américaine. Lemonde arabe est acculé et accusé comme étant le berceau du terrorismemondial,mais il s’avère en réalité, celui qui a plus subi dans les faits les aléas directs et indirects du terrorisme. C’est dans ce contexte que la plupart des pays arabes se sont inscrit tambours battant dans "la guerre contre le terrorisme" mais sans véritable adhésion réelle. Cette politique par contre est devenue un enjeu politique interne et externe. Le choix de "l’immobilisme", du "statuquo" et "l’absence d’initiative" de la part du monde arabe répondent aux contraintes d’être en même temps cible et au cœur de "la guerre contre le terrorisme". / Terrorism has become an illness of the modern World-System. How to rethink the act of terrorism has become an urgent question because it seems that the non understanding is dominant if not triumphant. Thus the necessity to see the terrorist act "included and overcame rather than felt with fantasy". The American policy has remobilized the world around the security objectives to intervene in the international policy. American security policies, based on the reinforcement of exceptional juridical legislation on global techniques of surveillance and on the military mobilization, have led to public liberties, with unprecedented tutoring (USA Patriot Act, Project Patriot Act, Homeland of security, National Strategy of Security) and the establishment of a real international exception state. Refractory to the American antiterrorist logic "war against terrorism", the European Union members have claimed before to be their allies: "we will fight terrorism by the law and in the frame of law". This logic has quickly made the allies adopt the American model. In reality, it is the Arab World that has suffered the consequences of terrorism. The events of the September 11, 2001 have thrown projectors on Islam as a source of terrorism although the Arabs and Muslims were the first targets of Islamic terrorism, and the first to suffer the consequences. One of the effects of this situation is the mitigated and ambiguous reaction of the Arab and Muslim opinions about the September attack. It is in this context that most of the ArabWorld has been inscribed in "War against terrorism" without almost any motivation but with a lot of hesitation because of the pressure made by the international coalition and especially the American one. Indeed to side this position presupposes a recurrent reality in the Arabs political and strategic choices. The choice of "immobilism" of the "statuquo" and "the absence of the initiative" answers to constraints to be at the same time a target and at the center of the "war against terrorism".

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