Ce travail de thèse porte sur la question de l’existence de représentations, sous forme picturale (dessins, peintures…), exécutées par certains sujets pendant leur internement dans les camps de concentration nazis, dans un contexte de traumatisme extrême, considéré comme de l’ordre de l’irreprésentable. A partir d’une étude de cas de trois sujets dessinateurs/trices, et de leur production picturale, abordée selon la méthode de la psychanalyse appliquée au sens d’André Green, une réflexion peut s’amorcer autour de l’hypothèse d’une autoconservation, différenciée, physique et psychique. Afin de la mener à bien sont résumées les représentations historiques après-coup, puis cernées la problématique du traumatisme extrême dans les camps de concentration et la création d’un point de vue psychanalytique avec des auteurs tels que Freud, Férenczi, Winnicott, Roussillon, Green, Bertrand, Zaltzman, Cerf de Duzeele, Waintrater et Cupa. Les résultats amènent à constater l’existence chez ces sujets d’une aire intermédiaire qui leur a permis de conserver une activité représentationnelle particulière. Celle-ci constitue un travail de représentation de la surréalité déréalisante du camp, principalement utilisé dans une autoconservation psychique. Inscrit dans un fil de culture, de filiation et d’historicisation, il participe d’un travail de liaison intrapsychique et intersubjectif ainsi que d’une lutte contre la désintrication pulsionnelle. Des fantasmes omnipotents d’éternité sous-jacents aux dessins vont de pair avec, dans l’activité, une coexcitation libidinale qui ouvre sur la question d’une éventuelle sublimation / This thesis begins with noticing that pictorial representations (e.g. drawings or paintings etc.) in nazi concentration camps have been made by some subjets while imprisonment, in a massive traumatism, usually thinked as a non-representable situation. From a three drawers and drawings study, imcompletely by Andre Green’s applied psychoanalysis method, reflexion can occur with the hypothesis of a dissociated physical and psychic self-preservation in that context. To achieve this goal, historical nazi camps differed representations, massive traumatism and creation, are detailed in a psychoanalytic viewpoint with Freud, Ferenczi, Winnicott, Roussillon, Green, Bertrand, Zaltzman, Cerf de Duzeele, Waintrater and Cupa as main authors. Results show the existence of an intermediate space that enabled these subjets to keep a specific representational activity. It’s mainly a representation work of the camp overreality in a psychic self-preservation way. This work is an internal and external connection work, in a culture and filiation link, that struggles against drive defusion. Eternity and omnipotent fantasy, libidinal coexcitation underly drawings and pictorial activity. They interrogate about a possible sublimation

La ricerca prende avvio dalla ricostruzione dei processi socio-economici che hanno portato alla crisi del modo di produzione taylorista-fordista. Muovendo da tali riflessioni, si constata come le imprese “post-fordiste” si avvalgano in misura crescente di lavoratori autonomi, un tempo coordinati e continuativi e, oggi, a progetto (artt. 61 e ss., d.lgs. 276/2003). Tali collaboratori sono, dunque, soggetti ad un potere (contrattuale) di coordinamento del committente che, alle volte, si somma ad una condizione di dipendenza economica dal committente medesimo. Si crea, quindi, una differenziazione interna all'area dell'autonomia coordinata che non pare adeguatamente valorizzata dal legislatore ordinario, ma che sembra interessare i sindacati. Il dato reale vede, infatti, agire rappresentanze varie, sicché occorre circoscrivere l'ambito di applicabilità degli artt. 39 e 40 Cost. L'assenza di un genuino interesse collettivo e di un'effettiva attività di autotutela inducono a ritenere che i collaboratori “forti” e il relativo associazionismo possano beneficiare delle sole tutele poste dagli artt. 2, 18 e 41 Cost. A conclusione si affrontano le problematiche che la ricostruzione così svolta solleva, ovverosia come garantire l'effettività delle tutele riconosciute al sindacalismo dei collaboratori “deboli” e come contemperare l'associazionismo dei collaboratori “forti” con il diritto antitrust comunitario. / The search starts with the reconstruction of socio-economic processes. Moving from these reflections, it's possible to see that today's companies take advantage of increasingly self-employed coordinated and continuous and, after d.lgs. 276/2003 “lavoratori a progetto”. These employees are, therefore, subject to a power (contractual) coordination of the customer that, at times, it adds up to a state of economic dependence by the same. It then creates an internal differentiation into autonomy area that does not seem properly valued by the ordinary legislator, but that seems to involve trade unions. Given that in reality there are different representations, we move to circumscribe the scope of applicability of the Arts. 39 and 40 Const. The absence of a genuine interest and genuine self activities suggest that employees "strong" and its associations can only benefit from the protections posed by Arts. 2, 18 and 41 Const. At the end tackling the problems so that the reconstruction turn raises, namely how to ensure the effectiveness of the safeguards recognized unionism collaborators "weak" and reconcile the associations of employees "strong" with the antitrust law.