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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Efeito da aplica??o de res?duo de perfura??o de po?o de petr?leo no desenvolvimento de cevada (Hordeum vulgare L.) / Effect of application of drill cuttings from oil well in the development of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

CARVALHO, Michel Miranda de 26 April 2013 (has links)
CNPq / Faced with the need to implement a sustainable development, and seeking solutions for protecting the environment, the management of residues has undergone marked changes. Companies are increasingly involved in the optimization of residues produced in their production processes. The oil industry participates in this search by funding research and development of environmentally sound technologies. This study aimed to evaluate the development of barley plants (Hordeum vulgare L.) in soils incubated with drill waste from oil well treated by washing to eliminate the influence of sodium. Two residues generated during drilling of the well 7-SMC-50D-AL were selected to be used in two assays: one in pots planted with barley, and one with leaching columns. For the pots testing the residues were washed with water, using a ratio of 1:5, aiming to reduce the effects of the sodium. Thus, the washing treatment defined two other conditions: residue washed and unwashed. The quantity of residue added to the soil was defined in order to obtain the barium concentrations of 300 mg kg-1, 600 mg kg-1 and 1200 mg kg-1. The soil moisture was maintained at 70% of field capacity. The experimental units were kept incubated for 30 days, and covered with plastic bags to prevent water loss by evaporation. The plants sowing was made using 10 seeds in each pot, and after the thinning with 30 days there was left 4 plants per pot. After the harvesting, the plants were separated into root, shoot and grain; and it was evaluated the absorption of the elements barium, iron, manganese, calcium, sodium, zinc and potassium. The results showed that the residues of the centrifugal and the dryer promoted an increased production of plant dry matter, especially in the treatment with the residue washing. For the test columns, there was no washing of the residues. The same doses were tested with two conditions of humidity (70% of field capacity and reduced condition, simulating the presence of a ground water table). During the incubation the pH and the redox potential (Eh) were monitored until, in the reduction condition, values close to ? 200 mV were obtained, and then, waiting for 30 days to ensure the occurrence of the reduction reactions. After that, the leaching test proceeded, simulating rainfall and collecting the extract leachate to evaluate the barium content. The geochemical fractionation of barium was done using a modification of the BCR method. The fractionation results showed that the reduction condition provided greater availability of barium, increasing the bioavailable fraction for both cuttings. In the leaching test, there was an increase in barium level in the reduction condition, due to the reduction of sulfate to sulfide. / Diante da necessidade de implementar o desenvolvimento sustent?vel, buscando solu??es para a prote??o do meio ambiente, a gest?o de res?duos tem passado por mudan?as marcantes. As empresas est?o cada vez mais envolvidas na otimiza??o de res?duos produzidos em seus processos produtivos. A ind?stria petrol?fera participa dessa busca por solu??es atrav?s do financiamento de pesquisas e do desenvolvimento de tecnologias ambientalmente seguras. Este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento de plantas de cevada (Hordeum vulgare L.) em solos incubados com res?duos de perfura??o de po?o de petr?leo tratados com lavagem para eliminar a influ?ncia do s?dio. Foram selecionados dois res?duos gerados durante a perfura??o do Po?o7-SMC-50D-AL para serem utilizados em dois ensaios: um com vasos cultivados com cevada e outro com colunas de lixivia??o. Para o ensaio com vasos foi feita a lavagem dos res?duos em ?gua, na propor??o 1:5, visando diminuir os efeitos do s?dio. Dessa forma, o tratamento de lavagem definiu duas condi??es: res?duo lavado e res?duo n?o lavado. A quantidade de res?duo adicionada ao solo foi definida de modo a atingir as concentra??es de b?rio de 300 mg kg-1, 600 mg kg-1 e 1200 mg kg-1. A umidade do solo foi mantida a 70% da capacidade de campo. As unidades experimentais permaneceram incubadas por 30 dias, cobertas com sacos pl?sticos para evitar a perda de ?gua por evapora??o. Em seguida foi feita a semeadura, utilizando 10 sementes em cada vaso, e com o desbaste ap?s 30 dias restaram apenas 4 plantas por vaso. Ap?s a coleta as plantas foram separadas em raiz, parte a?rea e gr?os e foi avaliada a absor??o dos elementos b?rio, ferro, mangan?s, c?lcio, s?dio, zinco e pot?ssio. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os res?duos do secador e da centr?fuga promoveram aumento da produ??o de mat?ria seca pelas plantas, principalmente no tratamento lavado. Para o ensaio com colunas n?o houve lavagem dos res?duos. Foram testadas as mesmas doses em duas condi??es de umidade (70% da capacidade de campo e ambiente reduzido com presen?a de l?mina de ?gua). Durante a incuba??o foi feito o monitoramento de pH e potencial redox (Eh) at? que, na condi??o de redu??o, fossem atingidos valores pr?ximos de -200 mV, aguardando por 30 dias para assegurar a ocorr?ncia das rea??es de redu??o. Em seguida foi feito o ensaio de lixivia??o, simulando uma precipita??o e coletando o extrato lixiviado para avalia??o quanto ao teor de b?rio. Foi feito o fracionamento geoqu?mico do elemento b?rio utilizando-se o m?todo BCR com algumas modifica??es. Os resultados mostraram que no fracionamento as fra??es biodispon?vel para ambos os res?duos na condi??o de redu??o proporcionou uma maior disponibilidade do b?rio. Na lixivia??o houve um aumento dos teores de b?rio na condi??o de redu??o proporcionado pela redu??o de sulfato a sulfeto.

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