Während Open Source-Software wie etwa Linux, der Apace Webserver oder die OpenOffice-Suite eine grosse Verbreitung erfahren haben, sind Open Source-Lösungen zur Unterstützung betrieblicher Aufgaben weniger bekannt. Dieser Bericht unternimmt ausgehend von den funktionalen Anforderungen der Auftragsabwicklung eines Industrieunternehmens einen Vergleich bestehender Lösungen und diskutiert die Einsatzmöglichkeiten aus heutiger Sicht.

Univ., Diss.--Bayreuth, 2002. / Literaturverz. S. 224 - 239.

Zugl.: Oldenburg, Universiẗat, Diss., 2009.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Information Technology (IT) artefacts, such as Enterprise Resource Planning systems (ERPs), promise much with regard to meeting the requirements of organisations. In the knowledge economy, organisations require real time data, information flow and integration of business processes to remain financially viable and competitive. However, organisations often fail to harness ERP systems effectively. This thesis attempts to unpack a section of the complex nature of ERPs with emphasis on the post-adoption phase of the systems’ development life cycle. This study explores the complex interface between rigid IT artefacts like ERPs and the, often unpredictable, reality of organisational work processes. Focus falls, in particular, on the workaround practices that end users of the system perform and the effects these have on the integrity of the business process. Based on an extensive literature review, an integrated framework for business process integrity is developed and formulated. This model is applied to the analysis of a qualitative data set compiled during an empirical investigation of a large Local Government Organisation utilising a proprietary ERP product. The data set includes semi-structured interviews with members of the ERP user community relating to their handling of impositions or deficiencies experienced when using the artefact. To define the relationship between business process integrity and workaround practices, each workaround identified is individually analysed to determine the reasons and outcomes that are associated with its enactment. Results indicate that workaround practices have diverse impacts on the various dimensions of business process integrity. While, in certain scenarios, they pose serious threats to organisational performance, they also play a particularly important role in enhancing the organisation’s ability to handle non-standard business cases. Despite their informal and often covert nature, workaround practices are at the heart of the balance between control and flexibility in organisations and their existence suggests that, contrary to common beliefs, ERPs only have limited agency in determining organisational workflow. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inligtingstegnologie (IT) artefakte, soos ondernemingshulpbronbeplanningstelses (OHBs), beloof baie ten einde aan organisasies se vereistes te voldoen. In die kennis-ekonomie vereis organisasies regstreekse data, inligtingsvloei en integrasie van besigheidprosesse om finansieel lewensvatbaar en kompeterend te bly. Dikwels faal organisasies egter om OHB stelsels effektief te benut. Hierdie tesis poog om ʼn deel van die ingewikkelde aard van OHBs te ontleed, met klem op die postaanvaardingsfase in die stelsels se lewensiklus. Hierdie studie ondersoek die ingewikkelde koppelvlak tussen rigiede IT artefakte soos OHBs en die dikwels onvoorspelbare realiteit van organisatoriese werk prosesse. Die klem val in besonder op die alternatiewe praktyke wat eindgebruikers van die stelsel gebruik, en die uitwerking wat hierdie praktyke op die integriteit van die besigheidsproses het. Gegrond op ʼn uitgebreide literatuurstudie, is ʼn geïntegreerde raamwerk vir besigheidsprosesintegriteit ontwikkel en geformuleer. Hierdie model is toegepas op die ontleding van ʼn kwalitatiewe datastel wat saamgestel is tydens ʼn empiriese ondersoek van ʼn Plaaslike Regeringsorganisasie wat ʼn privaat patent OHB-produk gebruik. Die datastel sluit semigestruktureerde onderhoude in wat met lede van die OHB gebruikersgemeenskap gevoer is met betrekking tot hul hantering van opleggings of tekortkominge wat tydens die gebruik van die artefakte ondervind word. Om die verhouding tussen besigheidsprosesintegriteit en die toepassing van omweë te definieer, is elke geïdentifiseerde alternatief individueel ontleed om sodoende die redes en uitkomste wat met die uitvoer daarvan geassosieer word, te bepaal. Resultate dui aan dat alternatiewe gebruike diverse uitwerkings op die verskillende dimensies van besigheidsprosesintegriteit het. Terwyl, in sommige gevalle, dit ernstige bedreigings vir organisatoriese prestasie inhou, speel dit ook ʼn besonder belangrike rol in die verbetering van die organisasie se nie-standaard bedryfsake. Ten spyte van hul informele en dikwels verborge aard, is alternatiewe gebruike die hart van die balans tussen beheer en buigsaamheid in organisasies, en hul bestaan dui daarop dat, in teendeel met algemene oortuigings, OHBs net beperkte werking het met betrekking tot die bepaling van organisatoriese werksvloei.

Recently, one of the major problems in various countries is the management of complicated organisations to cope with the increasingly competitive marketplace. This problem can be solved using Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems which can offer an integrated view of the whole business process within an organisation in real-time. However, those systems have complicated workflow, are costly to be analysed to manage the whole business process in those systems. Thus, Long Running Transaction (LRTs) models have been proposed as optimal solutions, which can be used to simplify the analysis of ERP systems workflow to manage the whole organiational process and ensure that completed transactions in a business process are not processed in any other process. Practically, LRTs models have various problems, such as the rollback and check-pointing activities. This led to the use of Communication Closed Layers (CCLs) for decomposing processes into layers to be analysed easily using sequential programs. Therefore, the purpose of this work is to develop an advanced approach to implement and analyse the workflow of an organisation in order to deal with failures in Long Running Transaction (LRTs) within Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems using Communication Closed Layers (CCLs). Furthermore, it aims to examine the possible enhancements for the available methodology for ERP systems based on studying the LRT suitability and applicability to model the ERP workflows and offer simple and elegant constructs for implementing those complex and expensive ERP workflow systems. The implemented model in this thesis offers a solution for two main challenges; incompatibilities that result from the application of transitional transaction processing concepts to the ERP context and the complexity of ERP workflow. The first challenge is addressed based on offering new semantics to allow modelling of concepts, such as rollbacks and check-points through various constraints, while the second is addressed through the use of the Communication Closed Layer (CCL) approach. The implemented computational reconfigurable model of an ERP workflow system in this work is able to simulate real ERP workflow systems and allows obtaining more understanding of the use of ERP system in enterprise environments. Moreover, a case study is introduced to evaluate the application of the implemented model using three scenarios. The conducted evaluation stage explores the effectiveness of executable ERP computational models and offers a simple methodology that can be used to build those systems using novel approaches. Based on comparing the current model with two previous models, it can be concluded that the new model outperforms previous models based on benefiting from their features and solving their limitations which make them inappropriate to be used in the context of ERP workflow models.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2015. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The increase in the use of Enterprise Resource Planning systems in organisations has created an industry which impacts organisations significantly, whether it may be positive or negative. Waltons Namibia has gone through the process twice in a four year period. The processes were handled in a different manner which resulted in different outcomes. The financial impact and general performance of the company were thus significantly different as a result of the different approaches. The study analyzes and assesses the process that was followed during the second implementation process by identifying and evaluating the critical success factors which were addressed successfully and not-successfully. These critical success factors are analyzed in a framework of phases of which the implementation process consists with specific focus on how stakeholder relationships impacted and can impact the critical success factors during an implementation process. The research question can thus be stated as follows: Does the management of relationships between stakeholders in the ERP implementation process play a significant role in the success of the outcome? A secondary result of the research is the creation of a document which can be utilized by organisations to assist in the planning and execution of an ERP implementation by utilizing the framework of phases and identification of critical success factors to manage the project. The study was qualitative in nature utilizing data collected through observation, discussions with participants and personal participation during the project. An encompassing literature review was done prior to the project and the study as well as an assessment of the organisations strategic architecture and the impact it has on the project. The result of the study shows that the management of relationships throughout the project plays a major role in determining the outcome of the project and has

Today's workforce demands the ability to multi-task. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) aids businesses by attempting to integrate all departments and functions across a company to create a single software program that runs off one database. An investigation of ERP and supporting technologies was conducted to determine if organizations utilized the full potential of the systems they installed. The researcher investigated companies that have installed ERP systems, and with the use of an online survey, determined the extent to which the companies utilized the full potential of the systems. The study was also conducted to learn the best practices that can be used in ERP system implementation, system maintenance, system expansion, and related activities to recommend to individuals and organizations that can benefit from the research. A link to an online questionnaire was sent to ERP end-users and implementers via email. This mode of distribution was the most efficient because survey participants were able to access the questionnaire in real time and the researcher was also able to retrieve the responses instantaneously. The responses were retrieved and recorded in an Excel database and pivot tables were used to analyze the data. The data collected from 18 different types of businesses revealed 8 major software packages, over 80% of the organizations sponsored end-user training, and the impetus for implementing ERP focused on three unanimous reasons: reduced cost, increased productivity, and increased efficiency. While the responses were fewer than anticipated, the results supported the researcher's hypothesis that ERP systems are typically not fully utilized to their full potential. The researcher noted that 60% to 70% of the ERP systems installed were underutilized. This was determined by calculating the percentage of ERP modules utilized in a single system versus the total available modules that can be fully utilized. Additionally, the research literature supported the hypothesis that the underutilization of an ERP system compromises its anticipated benefits and does not support the null hypothesis that there are no significant relationships among technologies (project management, business process re-engineering, and customer relationship management) used to develop and support the utilization of ERP systems.

Die gegenwärtig im öffentlichen Sektor zu verzeichnende breite Akzeptanz betriebswirt-schaftlicher Standardanwendungssoftware (SAS) ist nicht zuletzt in der Hoffnung begründet, durch die in ihr inkorporierten und sich bewährten privatwirtschaftlichen Methoden die Steue-rungsprobleme der Politik und Verwaltung lösen zu können. Aus der primär konzeptionellen Ausrichtung der betriebswirtschaftlichen SAS auf die Lösung von ökonomischen Aufgaben in kommerziellen Unternehmen ergeben sich jedoch Funktionslücken in Bezug auf die ganzheit-liche Steuerung von Verwaltungsprozessen. Die Standardsoftware als Organisator des betrieb-lichen Ablaufs in Unternehmen kann diese Funktion in der öffentlichen Verwaltung nicht in vollem Umfang erfüllen. Dem Einsatz der Informations- und Kommunikations- (IuK-)Technologie in der öffentlichen Verwaltung kommt aber eine außerordentliche Bedeutung zu, denn nichts kann wertneutraler und effizienter eindeutig geregelte bürokratische Verfahren vollziehen als eine Software. Die stärkere Automatisierung von Verwaltungsprozessen ist folglich ein beträchtlicher Beitrag zur Schaffung einer friedlichen Koexistenz zwischen der Bürokratie und privatwirtschaftlichen Managementtechniken. Die vorliegende Untersuchung zeigt daher die Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Einsatzes be-triebswirtschaftlicher Anwendungssysteme in der öffentlichen Verwaltung. Die vorhandenen Funktionsdefizite werden primär unter dem Gesichtspunkt der operativen und strategischen Steuerung des administrativen Handelns systematisch identifiziert. Darauf aufbauend erfolgt eine Konzeption der integrierten und intelligenten Erfassung von Leistungs- und Wirkungsda-ten in der öffentlichen Verwaltung, um eine Informationsbasis für das Controlling zu schaffen und dieses auch zu institutionalisieren. / The broad acceptance of standard application software for commercial enterprises (SAS) in the public sector is justified by the fact, that methods of controlling the commercial activities, which are implemented in the SAS, can help to solve current problems of controlling the pol-icy and administration. The primary functional focus of business management SAS on support of different processes in commercial enterprises do however lead to function gaps concerning the control of administrative processes in public sector. The standard software as a supervisor of the operational sequence in enterprises cannot fulfill this function in the public administra-tion to full extent. But the employment of the information and communication (IuC)Technologie in the public administration is most significant, because nothing can carry out worth-neutral and more efficiently clearly regulated bureaucratic procedures than a soft-ware. Therefore the stronger automation of administrative processes is a considerable contri-bution for creating a peaceful coexistence between the bureaucracy and private-economical management techniques. The following scientific work examines therefore the possibilities and borders of the em-ployment of application systems, which are primarily designed for commercial enterprises, in public administration. The existing function deficits are systematically identified under the criterion of the operational and strategic controlling of administrative processes. This work results in a conception for the integrated and intelligent collection of achievement and effects data in public administration, in order to create an information basis for controlling public administrative processes and also institutionalize this.

A research report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Science, Industrial Engineering, 31 March 2015 / The purpose of this research was to determine whether principles promoted by a programme management discipline be defined as critical success factors (CSFs) for the realisation of post-implementation benefits from an ERP investment in an organisation. The research method consists of a single case study with three embedded cases. The main source of data was the use of semi-structured interviews, and business documentation was used to corroborate findings. It was concluded that of the eleven CSFs proposed, three were highly likely CSFs, seven were likely but had certain conditions attached, and one is most likely not a CSF. It was also discovered that four additional CSFs proposed in interviews conducted may be relevant, and that four themes exist within the case data analysed. These may form part of future work.

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