Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of St Andrews, July 2007. / Restricted until 25th June 2008.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--UCLA, 2008. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 251-268).

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Rhode Island, 2008. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 119-123).

Thesis (Ph.D.) in History--University of Maine, 2009. / Includes vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 251-271).

Thesis--Lund. / Summary in English. Bibliography: p. 256-278.

Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Queensland,2005. / Includes bibliography.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Boston University / PROBLEM: The problem of this dissertation is to determine the development of the views of conversion in the Christian church. This study is concerned with the two extreme schools of thought in regard to conversion which are evident in the church today. For the most part, the two trends of thinking have existed independently of each other, yet the objectives in general are the same for both. The gradual growth conversion has been associated with Christian education. The cataclysmic conversion has come to be associated with certain typee of evangelism and revivalism. This study seeks to indicate points of agreement and disagreement between the two methods of entering the Christian life and, further, to find a mediating position between the two. PROCEDURE: The major works of men who represent each era in Christian history, from the beginning of the ministry of Jesus to the present time, have been studied to determine the position the church has held, during these different intervals, concerning the method of entering the Christian life. The findings have been written in chronological order. Once the positions of either the gradual or the cataclysmic conversion have been established, the implications in favor of Christian education have been indicated. Careful analysis of the information gained from an adequate sampling of the books and articles written on the subject has made it possible to arrive at a mediating position between the two methods of conversion. [TRUNCATED]

Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses. / PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you. / 2031-01-02

This contribution to the understanding of the dynamics of domination and resistance will focus on the nature and development of Irish language activism in Belfast, Northern Ireland, and the subsequent response of the British State when faced with this challenge to its cultural hegemony. The research is theoretically framed using Raymond Williams’ model of cultural hegemony and James Scott's model of disguise and surveillance, and is based on fifteen months of in-depth fieldwork in Northern Ireland, which I undertook from February 13, 1990 to May 10, 1991. It has been argued that not all Irish language activism is revolutionary, but instead, to use Williams' terminology, has both alternative and oppositional ideologies as major components. While both alternative and oppositional Irish language activists have recovered the Irish language as "an effective element of the present," and are using it to challenge the legitimacy of British cultural hegemony in Northern Ireland, the difference lies in their ultimate goals. Alternative Irish language activists are seeking a permanent space for the Irish language in Northern Ireland, regardless of the political outcome of the present conflict. On the other hand, oppositional Irish language activists, have made the Irish language an integral part of their struggle for self-determination. Alternative Irish language activists have focused their efforts on demanding that the public status of the Irish language be raised, and on building an Irish-medium education system that would be the foundation of a permanent Irish language infrastructure in Northern Ireland. Central to oppositional Irish language activism is the struggle for the cultural and linguistic rights of republican prisoners. However, the State justifies the shunning of these demands by citing the security risk they may engender. Oppositional Irish language activists, in particular Sinn Fein (the political wing of the Republican Movement), have adopted a strategy of "encouraging" and “supporting" alternative Irish language groups, thus creating the a priori appearance of a common goal. Since Sinn Fein does not assume a direct leadership role within the Irish language movement, any refusal of the cultural demands of alternative Irish language activists by testate, can be labelled as discriminatory toward the legitimate cultural rights of an ethnic minority. Hence, efforts by the State to dismiss the challenge by alternative Irish language activists by branding it as revolutionary, have been ineffectual. British cultural hegemony in Northern Ireland, it is argued, is both powerful and vulnerable. The reaction of the British State to the challenge of Irish language activists has varied, at times with its interpretation of the challenge, and at other times seemingly at will. Prior to 1980, attempts were made to exclude the Irish language and culture from Northern Ireland, branding it as "foreign” and "subversive." Since 1989, the approach of the British State has been a re-interpretation of the Irish language and culture into the Northern Ireland context, recognizing it as one of the "two traditions" of the State. This move to neutralize Irish language resistance, while welcomed by many alternative Irish language activists, has seriously ruptured the unity of the majority in Northern Ireland. As a result, the British government finds itself at an impasse. Because of strong oppositional and alternative Irish language resistance, the State is prevented from "excluding" Irish language and culture in Northern Ireland, but similarly, differences within influential and dominant groups will not allow the conciliation of Irish language resistance by a “process of incorporation." The stage is thus set for an examination of the background, growth, and durability of the Irish language movement, juxtaposed with the hegemonic determination of a State bent on cultural subjugation, in the boisterous environment of Northern Ireland. / Arts, Faculty of / Anthropology, Department of / Graduate

How can we deal with the aftermath of wildfires? During the summer of 2021, and after an intense heatwave, Greece had to cope with intense wildfires. The biggest one was in Evia, where the fire burnt almost the whole north part of the island, destroying forest, agriculture land, and villages. This thesis focuses on Sipia (Σηπιά) river and Limni (Λίμνη) village, where the forest and agriculture damage was big. “We lost our home”, was the phrase that most of the residents of the village said referring to the forest. For them forest contained their life and their memories. This is the reason why this thesis is focusing on the memories of the people, the ecology of the forest and agriculture, and the economy, with the design elements to be fully related to them.