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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Recupera??o e purifica??o de ramnolip?deos produzidos por pseudomonas aeruginosa P029-GVIIA utilizando mela?o de cana como substrato

Oliveira, Ana Carmen dos Santos Mendes de 29 December 2010 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:01:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 AnaCSMO_TESE.pdf: 4366304 bytes, checksum: 034491089a42b2a0e2af84a9b17e3da3 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-12-29 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Biosurfactants are molecules produced by microorganisms mainly bacteria as Pseudomonas and Bacillus. Among the biosurfactants, rhamnolipids play an important role due to their tensoactive as well as emulsifying properties. Besides can be produced in a well consolidated way the production costs of biosurfactants are quite expansive mainly if downstream processing is goning to be considered. Actually, attention has been given to identification of biosurfactants as well as optimization of its fermentative processes including downstream ones. This work deals with the development of strategies to recovery and purification of rhamnolipids produced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa P029-GVIIA using sugar-cane molasses as substrate. Broth free of cells was used in order to investigate the best strategies to recovery and purification produced by this system. Between the studied acids (HCl and H2SO4) for the acid precipitation step, HCl was the best one as has been showed by the experimental design 24. Extraction has been carried out using petroleum ether and quantification has been done using the thioglycolic acid method. Adsorption studies were carried out with activated carbon in a batch mode using a 24 experimental design as well as combined with an hydrophobic resin Streamline Phenyl aiming to separate the produced biosurfactant. Biosurfactant partial identification was carried out using High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Experiments in batch mode showed that adsorption has been controlled mainly by pH and temperature. It was observed a reduction of 41.4% for the liquid phase and the solid phase it was possible to adsorb up to 15 mg of rhamnolipd/g of activated carbon. The kinetics of adsorption has been well fitted to a pseudo-first order reaction with velocity constant (k1) of 1.93 x 10-2 min-1. Experiments in packed bed ranging concentration on eluent (acetone) has been shown the highest recovery factor of 98% when pure acetone has been used. The combined effect if using activated carbon with an hydrophobic resin Streamline Phenyl has been shown successful for the rhamnolipids purification. It has been possible to purify a fraction of the crude broth with 98% of purity when the eluted of activated carbon packed bed was used with pure acetone / Os biossurfactantes s?o produzidos por microrganismos, principalmente, bact?rias do tipo Pseudomonas e Bacillus. Entre os biossurfactantes, o rhamnolip?deo ? o mais estudado devido as suas propriedades tensoativas e emulsificantes. Apesar do processo biotecnol?gico de produ??o de biossurfactante, j? tenha sido estabelecido h? alguns anos, o alto custo de produ??o e o caro processo de downstream t?m impedido sua ampla utiliza??o. Deste modo, os ?ltimos estudos est?o concentrados na identifica??o de potenciais surfactantes, na avalia??o de suas propriedades e na otimiza??o dos processos fermentativos para sua produ??o, bem como das etapas de purifica??o. Assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo desenvolver estrat?gias para a recupera??o e purifica??o de ramnolip?deos produzidos por Pseudomonas aeruginosa P029-GVIIA utilizando mela?o de cana como substrato. Com o caldo fermentado livre de c?lulas estudou-se as melhores t?cnicas de recupera??o e purifica??o do biossurfactante produzido para este sistema. Dentre os ?cidos estudados (HCl e H2SO4) para a etapa de precipita??o ?cida o HCl foi o que obteve melhor resultado atrav?s de um planejamento experimental 24. A extra??o foi realizada com o ?ter de petr?leo e a quantifica??o atrav?s do m?todo do ?cido tioglic?lico. Estudos de adsor??o foram realizados com carv?o ativado tanto em batelada atrav?s de um planejamento experimental 24 como em leito fixo com carv?o ativado e o seu efeito combinado com uma resina de intera??o hidrof?bica Streamline Phenyl, com a finalidade de separar o biossurfactante produzido. Para a identifica??o parcial foi utilizada a cromatografia l?quida de alta efici?ncia (CLAE). Os ensaios em batelada mostraram que a adsor??o ? governada pelo pH e pela temperatura. A redu??o da concentra??o de ramnolip?deo para a fase liquida foi de 41,4% e para a fase s?lida, foi poss?vel adsorver os biossurfactantes na propor??o de 15 mg de ramnolip?deo/ g de carv?o. A cin?tica em batelada foi ajustada ao modelo cin?tico de pseudo-primeira ordem obtendo o valor da constante de velocidade k1= 1,93 x 10-2 min.-1. Os ensaios em leito fixo variando a concentra??o da acetona (eluente), obteve fator de recupera??o de ramnolip?deo de 98% de recupera??o foi para a acetona pura. O efeito combinado em leito fixo do carv?o ativado com a resina de intera??o hidrof?bica mostrou-se eficiente na purifica??o de ramnolip?deos. Foi poss?vel purificar uma fra??o do caldo bruto, cuja pureza atingiu 98% ao se utilizar o eluido do carv?o ativado com acetona pura

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