Orientador: Sérgio Campos / Banca: Osmar de Carvalho Bueno / Banca: Osmar Delmanto Junior / Abstract: According to the Forestry Code of 1965, it is mandatory that every rural estate destine part of its land to the establishment of Reservas Legais. When a diagnosis is made all over Brazil, such reality is quite different from what is demanded by law. There are scarce Reservas Legais in the rural area, and it is even more difficult to find a rural unity that has its reservation registered in a notary office. Part of the responsibility is attributed to the Brazilian government which, besides not stimulating the establishment of reservations, do not make available to the rural estate owner models to allocate reservations and where technical-scientific subsidies - decision-making facilitators - are grouped. Therefore, this work has as a general objective to propose ways of establishing Reservas Legais based on the analysis of the environmental deterioration in a river basin, and since it aims at the conservation of natural resources and the sustainable development of the region. For this purpose, a study on the experimental river basin of Rio Claro, which separates the counties São Manuel and Pratânia, São Paulo State, was carried out. Environmental deterioration was detected based on three diagnoses: physicalconservationist, socioeconomic, and environmental quality. This way, from a quantitative and qualitative diagnosis, it was possible to identify the main aggressive factors to the river basin studied and to indicate the main vulnerabilities the area is subjected. According to such diagnoses, some proposals for the establishment of Reservas Legais are discussed here based on papers aimed at the conservation of water resources, soil and biodiversity. Hopes are that from this study the environment receives a new tool for diagnosis, population control, recovery and conservation of natural resources. / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-01-20Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:31:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 destro_gfg_me_botfca.pdf: 1507477 bytes, checksum: 04a81ccb751778f0e03d6a7e2eaf53bf (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / According to the Forestry Code of 1965, it is mandatory that every rural estate destine part of its land to the establishment of Reservas Legais. When a diagnosis is made all over Brazil, such reality is quite different from what is demanded by law. There are scarce Reservas Legais in the rural area, and it is even more difficult to find a rural unity that has its reservation registered in a notary office. Part of the responsibility is attributed to the Brazilian government which, besides not stimulating the establishment of reservations, do not make available to the rural estate owner models to allocate reservations and where technical-scientific subsidies - decision-making facilitators - are grouped. Therefore, this work has as a general objective to propose ways of establishing Reservas Legais based on the analysis of the environmental deterioration in a river basin, and since it aims at the conservation of natural resources and the sustainable development of the region. For this purpose, a study on the experimental river basin of Rio Claro, which separates the counties São Manuel and Pratânia, São Paulo State, was carried out. Environmental deterioration was detected based on three diagnoses: physicalconservationist, socioeconomic, and environmental quality. This way, from a quantitative and qualitative diagnosis, it was possible to identify the main aggressive factors to the river basin studied and to indicate the main vulnerabilities the area is subjected. According to such diagnoses, some proposals for the establishment of Reservas Legais are discussed here based on papers aimed at the conservation of water resources, soil and biodiversity. Hopes are that from this study the environment receives a new tool for diagnosis, population control, recovery and conservation of natural resources.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-06-14Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:52:25Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 bonelli_mapo_me_botfca.pdf: 1099131 bytes, checksum: 8dd9483448470a9e4e73974becc1c2d5 (MD5) / Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) / O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da tecnologia de aplicação no efeito residual dos fungicidas flutriafol e tiofanato metílico + flutriafol, em duas tecnologias de aplicação no controle da ferrugem da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow & Sydow). O delineamento experimental adotado foi em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 com 6 repetições, resultando em 4 tratamentos nas seguintes interações: 2 classes de gotas e 2 fungicidas. A área experimental constituiu-se de 24 parcelas de aplicação (50 m x 21 m). Dentro de cada parcela foi posicionada uma área de avaliação central com 10 x 20 m. Para cada parcela de avaliação havia uma testemunha não tratada fora da área aplicada (com as mesmas dimensões), localizada em direção oposta ao deslocamento do vento no momento da aplicação. As avaliações da eficiência dos tratamentos no controle da doença foram feitas mediante cálculo da incidência (porcentagem de plantas com ferrugem), severidade (intensidade ou níveis de infecção), desfolha (porcentagem de queda de folhas) e produtividade (pesagem das sementes das parcelas). Para cada uma das análises, as médias dos resultados foram comparados pelo cálculo do intervalo de confiança à 90%. Com base nos dados de cada repetição e de suas respectivas testemunhas, foram calculados os percentuais de 13 redução da severidade da ferrugem. O ensaio foi realizado em condições de controle curativo sendo que a ferrugem estava presente na área com média de 68,6% de infestação, com severidade média de 35,9% no terço inferior e 4,57% no terço superior. Os resultados de severidade, desfolha e produtividade mostraram que não houve diferenças estatísticas significativas entre os tratamentos. Entretanto, observou-se de maneira geral que em todos os dados houve tendência de melhores resultados para as aplicações com flutriafol, em comparação às aplicações com flutriafol + tiofanato metílico. / This study had the objective to evaluate the application technology influence in the residual effect of the flutriafol and methyl tiofanate + flutriafol fungicides, in two application technologies to control Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow & Sydow). The experiment was design using a factorial scheme 2 x 2 with xi repeticions with six repetitions, resulting in four treatments in the following interactions: 2 size droplets and 2 fungicides. The experimental area was constituted of 24 application plots (50 x 21 m). In each portion was assessment a central area with 10 x 20 m. To the each assessment portion there was a no 15 treated portion out of applied area (with the same dimensions), placed in opposed direction to the wind dislocating in the application moment. The evaluations of the efficiency of the treatments in the control of the disease were made by of the calculation of incidence (percentage of plants with rust), severity (intensity or levels of infection), defoliations (percentage of fall of leves) and productivity (wheiting of the seeds of the plots). In all analyses, the average results were compared by confidence interval at the level of 90%. Based on the data of each repetition and its respective plot no treated, were calculated the rust severity reduction percentage. The study was realized in curative control conditions because the soybean rust was present in the area with average infestation of 68.6%, average severity in the inferior part was of 35.9% and 4.57% in the superior part. The results of severity, defoliation and productivity appeared doesn t have statistical difference among the treatments. However, it was observed that in general in all the data there was tendency of better results to the applications with flutriafol comparing with flutriafol + methyl tiofanate.

Orientador: Ulisses Rocha Antuniassi / Banca: Marco Antonio Gandolfo / Banca: Antonio Gabriel Filho / Resumo: O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar a influência da tecnologia de aplicação no efeito residual dos fungicidas flutriafol e tiofanato metílico + flutriafol, em duas tecnologias de aplicação no controle da ferrugem da soja (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow & Sydow). O delineamento experimental adotado foi em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 com 6 repetições, resultando em 4 tratamentos nas seguintes interações: 2 classes de gotas e 2 fungicidas. A área experimental constituiu-se de 24 parcelas de aplicação (50 m x 21 m). Dentro de cada parcela foi posicionada uma área de avaliação central com 10 x 20 m. Para cada parcela de avaliação havia uma testemunha não tratada fora da área aplicada (com as mesmas dimensões), localizada em direção oposta ao deslocamento do vento no momento da aplicação. As avaliações da eficiência dos tratamentos no controle da doença foram feitas mediante cálculo da incidência (porcentagem de plantas com ferrugem), severidade (intensidade ou níveis de infecção), desfolha (porcentagem de queda de folhas) e produtividade (pesagem das sementes das parcelas). Para cada uma das análises, as médias dos resultados foram comparados pelo cálculo do intervalo de confiança à 90%. Com base nos dados de cada repetição e de suas respectivas testemunhas, foram calculados os percentuais de 13 redução da severidade da ferrugem. O ensaio foi realizado em condições de controle curativo sendo que a ferrugem estava presente na área com média de 68,6% de infestação, com severidade média de 35,9% no terço inferior e 4,57% no terço superior. Os resultados de severidade, desfolha e produtividade mostraram que não houve diferenças estatísticas significativas entre os tratamentos. Entretanto, observou-se de maneira geral que em todos os dados houve tendência de melhores resultados para as aplicações com flutriafol, em comparação às aplicações com flutriafol + tiofanato metílico. / Abstract: This study had the objective to evaluate the application technology influence in the residual effect of the flutriafol and methyl tiofanate + flutriafol fungicides, in two application technologies to control Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow & Sydow). The experiment was design using a factorial scheme 2 x 2 with xi repeticions with six repetitions, resulting in four treatments in the following interactions: 2 size droplets and 2 fungicides. The experimental area was constituted of 24 application plots (50 x 21 m). In each portion was assessment a central area with 10 x 20 m. To the each assessment portion there was a no 15 treated portion out of applied area (with the same dimensions), placed in opposed direction to the wind dislocating in the application moment. The evaluations of the efficiency of the treatments in the control of the disease were made by of the calculation of incidence (percentage of plants with rust), severity (intensity or levels of infection), defoliations (percentage of fall of leves) and productivity (wheiting of the seeds of the plots). In all analyses, the average results were compared by confidence interval at the level of 90%. Based on the data of each repetition and its respective plot no treated, were calculated the rust severity reduction percentage. The study was realized in curative control conditions because the soybean rust was present in the area with average infestation of 68.6%, average severity in the inferior part was of 35.9% and 4.57% in the superior part. The results of severity, defoliation and productivity appeared doesn’t have statistical difference among the treatments. However, it was observed that in general in all the data there was tendency of better results to the applications with flutriafol comparing with flutriafol + methyl tiofanate. / Mestre