A thesis submitted the to the Department of Anthropology and Development Studies in fulfilment of the requirement for the degree of Master of Arts in the Faculty of Arts at the University of Zululand,2018. / Literature of the study showed that the transport studies in general that have examined the causality between transport and economic development. The literature revealed that there is a lack of studies that have specifically examined the role of road transport frameworks in enhancing human development. The present study examined the role of the National Land Transport Strategic Framework (NLTSF) in enhancing human development with a specific reference to income generation at uMlalazi Local Municipality. Using the New Public Management as an approach which guided crafting of strategic plans such as transport frameworks, the study examined the role played by strategic frameworks such as NLTSF in enhancing human development. The study adopted a mixed research method approach for collecting and analyzing both qualitative and quantitative data. The study used both approaches for the purposes of fully and broadly comprehending the phenomenon studied. Findings of the study revealed that there is a mixed picture about the contribution of road construction projects towards improving the socioeconomic livelihoods of the subjects of the study area. The study concluded that the provision of proper rural road transport infrastructure enhanced income generation capabilities, improved mobility, and, stimulated economic development through the establishment of small local businesses. However, lack of transparency and adherence to fair practices during the recruitment of projects participants, power contest between traditional leaders and councilors and political dynamics in the implementation of projects appeared to be the key challenges. Therefore, the study recommends the evaluation and monitoring of project recruitment procedures and the intensification of cooperative governance between government and civil society.