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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Fus?o de imagens e sensores inerciais para a estima??o e controle de ve?culos aut?nomos

Vancin, Paulo Henrique 27 December 2016 (has links)
Submitted by Caroline Xavier (caroline.xavier@pucrs.br) on 2017-04-10T15:08:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_PAULO_HENRIQUE_VANCIN_COMPLETO.pdf: 3234416 bytes, checksum: 53fbe981d0db83ced33b8b3f4247c2f8 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-10T15:08:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DIS_PAULO_HENRIQUE_VANCIN_COMPLETO.pdf: 3234416 bytes, checksum: 53fbe981d0db83ced33b8b3f4247c2f8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-27 / The present dissertation proposes a sensoring technique of autonomous vehicles based on the fusion of inertial sensors and data collected from a camera. The autonomous vehicle designed in this project was built using "Mecanum" wheels, which gives the vehicle the capability to move in any direction without having to change orientation. The sensoring system proposed is based on the Extended Kalman Filter using quaternions for the fusion of inertial sensors and computer vision, with the objective of finding the global position and orientation of the system. The inertial measurements used in these systems are made by an accelerometer and a gyroscope. The computer vision aspect of the project is done by a digital camera and an image processing software, which is designed to capture colored points in the image. The theory used to design the vehicle?s controller is based on the Lyapunov?s Stability Theory. This project presents a theoretical basis related to the various elements that compose the system, the mathematical basis used in the filter?s implementation and the controller?s design, a general view of the vehicle?s structure used to validate the theory and the results obtained in practical tests. The system?s performance analysis was based on the analysis of graphics that shows the vehicle?s trajectory, the position and orientation of the system over time and the stability of the proposed control law. The obtained results shows that the proposed objectives were met in a satisfactory manner. / A presente disserta??o prop?e uma t?cnica de sensoreamento de ve?culos aut?nomos baseada na fus?o de sensores inerciais e de dados provenientes de uma c?mera. O ve?culo aut?nomo utilizado neste trabalho foi constru?do a partir de rodas "Mecanum", que lhe conferem a caracter?stica de omnidirecionalidade, ou seja, ? capaz de movimenta??o em todas as dire??es, sem a necessidade de mudan?a de orienta??o. O sensoreamento proposto ? fundamentado no Filtro de Kalman Estendido utilizando quat?rnios para a fus?o de sensores inerciais e vis?o computacional, com o objetivo de encontrar a posi??o global e orienta??o do sistema. As medi??es inerciais utilizadas nestes sistemas s?o realizadas por uma Unidade de Medi??es Inerciais (IMU). J? a vis?o computacional fica a cargo de uma c?mera aliada a um processamento de imagens, o qual tem por fun??o captar pontos coloridos na imagem. A teoria utilizada para a constru??o do controlador do ve?culo ? baseada na teoria de estabilidade de Lyapunov. Este controlador tem como prop?sito controlar o deslocamento linear e n?o linear do ve?culo omnidirecional. Sendo assim, este trabalho apresenta uma base te?rica relacionada aos diversos elementos que comp?em o sistema, a fundamenta??o matem?tica utilizada para a implementa??o do filtro e da formula??o do controlador, uma vis?o geral da constru??o do ve?culo utilizado para validar a teoria e os resultado obtidos a partir de testes pr?ticos. A an?lise do desempenho do sistema p?de ser feita a partir da an?lise de gr?ficos que mostram a trajet?ria realizada pelo ve?culo, a posi??o e orienta??o do sistema ao longo do tempo e a estabilidade da lei de controle proposta. Os resultados obtidos evidenciam que os objetivos propostos foram alcan?ados de forma satisfat?ria.

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